Chrysosplenium iowense

Rydberg in N. L. Britton

in N. L. Britton, Man. Fl. N. States, 483. 1901 (as iowensis) ,.

Common names: Iowa golden-saxifrage
IllustratedEndemic
Synonyms: Chrysosplenium alternifolium var. iowense (Rydberg) B. Boivin
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 73. Mentioned on page 71, 72.

Stolons white, 0.3–1.2 mm diam., sparsely villous, hairs white or reddish-brown. Flowering-stems erect, branching in distal 1/6–1/3, 3–15 cm, glabrous. Leaves alternate, membranous. Stolon leaves: petiole 7–43 mm, sparsely villous, hairs white or reddish-brown; blade depressed-ovate to reniform, 6–13 × 7–18 mm, base cordate, margins 5–9-crenate, not purple-spotted, glabrous or sparsely ciliate, hairs white, surfaces glabrous or sparsely villous, especially near petiole, hairs usually white, sometimes purplish. Cauline leaves 1–3; petiole 3–23 (–26) mm, glabrous or villous proximally, hairs purplish; blade depressed-ovate to reniform or flabellate, 6–17 × 9–23 mm, base cordate or, rarely, cuneate, margins 5–9-crenate, glabrous, surfaces glabrous abaxially and adaxially or, rarely, villous near petiole, hairs purplish. Inflorescences terminal, 3–12-flowered, compact cymes; bracts greenish yellow, not purple-spotted, foliaceous, ovate to depressed-ovate or flabellate, 2–10 × 2–11 mm, margins 3–7-crenate. Pedicels absent or 0.1–1.2 mm. Flowers: hypanthium yellow or greenish yellow, not purple-spotted, campanulate, 1.2–2.3 × 1.5–3 mm, glabrous; sepals spreading, yellow or greenish yellow, not purple-spotted, ovate to broadly ovate, 0.9–1.5 × 1.1–2 mm, apex obtuse to rounded; nectary disc inconspicuous, yellow, unlobed; stamens 2–8, 0.6–0.7 mm; anthers yellow, 0.1–0.2 × 0.1–0.2 mm; styles 0.3–0.4 mm. Seeds (8–) 20–30 (–56), reddish-brown, ovoid to ellipsoid, (0.5–) 0.6–0.9 mm, glabrous. 2n = ca. 120.


Phenology: Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat: Marshes, bogs, wet meadows, stream banks, moist seeps, algific talus slopes, 500-1500 m

Distribution

V8 142-distribution-map.gif

Alta., B.C., Man., N.W.T., Sask., Iowa, Minn.

Discussion

Iowa populations of Chrysosplenium iowense are widely disjunct from Canadian populations. The former are thought to represent Pleistocene relicts, isolated in the Driftless Area of northeastern Iowa and southeastern Minnesota. R. M. Weber (1979) studied the reproductive biology and ecology of the species in northeastern Iowa.

H. Hara (1957) treated Chrysosplenium iowense as synonymous with C. alternifolium Linnaeus var. sibiricum H. Hara. J. G. Packer (1963) recognized the close similarity between C. iowense and C. alternifolium var. sibiricum but maintained the two as distinct species in the absence of a modern, detailed analysis of the C. alternifolium complex. That approach is adopted here.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"full" is not a number.

... more about "Chrysosplenium iowense"
epigynous +, perigynous +  and hypogynous +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br />) +
obtuse +  and rounded +
Craig C. Freeman +  and Nicholas D. Levsen +
Rydberg in N. L. Britton +
cuneate +, , +  and cordate +
depressed-elliptic +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br />) +
dentate +, serrate +  and entire +
glandular-ciliate +  and ciliate +
depressed-ovate +  and reniform or flabellate +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (?) +  and 2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br /> (?) +
not purple-spotted +  and greenish yellow +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
ovate;depressed-ovate or flabellate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
3-carpellate +  and 2-carpellate +
Iowa golden-saxifrage +
ebracteate +, bracteate +  and 2-300(-1000+)-flowered +
Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.W.T. +, Sask. +, Iowa +  and Minn. +
lanceolate +  and narrowly oblong +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
2-3(-4)-beaked +  and folliclelike +
Marshes, bogs, wet meadows, stream banks, moist seeps, algific talus slopes, 500-1500 m +
multicellular +
purplish +, white +  and reddish-brown +
not purple-spotted +, greenish yellow +  and yellow +
free +  and adnate +
1.2mm;2.3mm +
campanulate +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
membranous +
not purple-spotted +
glabrous +  and ciliate +
3-7-crenate +  and 5-9-crenate +
marginal +, superior +  and inferior +
crassinucellate +, unitegmic +  and bitegmic +
epigynous +, perigynous +  and hypogynous +
distinct +
unlobed +  and lobed +
peltate +  and jointed +
2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br /> (2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br />) +
villous +  and glabrous +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br />) +
Flowering May–Jun. +
unequal +
in N. L. Britton, Man. Fl. N. States, +
spiny +  and ribbed +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
reddish-brown +
straight +
muricate +, cellular-rugulose +, tuberculate +, pitted +, papillate +  and wrinkled +
ovoid +  and ellipsoid +
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br />) +
not purple-spotted +, greenish yellow +  and yellow +
distinct +
ovate +  and broadly ovate +
0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br />) +
unbranched +  and branched +
persistent +
horizontal +  and erect +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
connate +  and distinct +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
villous +  and glabrous +
lobed +, truncate +, rounded +  and obtuse +
Chrysosplenium alternifolium var. iowense +
Chrysosplenium iowense +
Chrysosplenium +
species +
crenate-dentate +, crenulate +, crenate +  and subentire +
stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
annual +, biennial +  and perennial +