Sonchus arvensis

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 2: 793. 1753.

Common names: Field sow-thistle laiteron des champs
Introduced
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 274.

Perennials, 0–150 (–200) cm, usually rhizomatous or stoloniferous. Stem-bases hard, sometimes ± woody. Leaves: blades of mid cauline oblong to lanceolate, (3–) 6–40 × 2–15 cm, bases auriculate, auricles straight or curved, rounded, margins usually pinnately lobed, lobes ± deltate, not constricted at bases, terminals usually larger than laterals, dentate or entire. Peduncles sessile or stipitate-glandular. Involucres 10–17+ mm. Phyllaries sessile or stipitate-glandular. Corollas: ligules ± equaling tubes. Cypselae dark-brown, oblanceoloid to ellipsoid, 2.5–3.5 mm, ribs 4–5 (+) on each face, faces transversely rugulose to tuberculate across and between ribs; pappi 8–14 mm. 2n = 36, 54.

Distribution

V19-376-distribution-map.gif

Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., N.S., N.W.T., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon, Alaska, Calif., Colo., Conn., Del., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Maine, Mass., Md., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Mont., N.C., N.Dak., N.H., N.J., N.Y., Nebr., Nev., Ohio, Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.Dak., Tenn., Utah, Va., Vt., W.Va., Wash., Wis., Wyo., Europe, also in South America, Asia, Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia

Discussion

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

Sonchus arvensis is introduced in temperate regions of all continents. Plants of the species prefer relatively cooler, moister climates and are more abundant in the northern part of North America.

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Peduncles stipitate-glandular; phyllaries stipitate- glandular Sonchus arvensis subsp. arvensis
1 Peduncles sessile-glandular; phyllaries usually sessile-glandular, rarely tomentose Sonchus arvensis subsp. uliginosus

"fine" is not a number.

... more about "Sonchus arvensis"
scarious +
ovate +  and lanceolate +
corymbiform +  and subumbelliform +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
curved +  and straight +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
cauline +  and mid +
lobed;rounded;auriculate;oblong;lanceolate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +  and 15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (?) +
Philip E. Hyatt +
Linnaeus +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
curved +  and straight +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
cauline +  and mid +
lobed +, rounded +, auriculate +, oblong +  and lanceolate +
2cm;15cm +
compound +  and simple +
deltate +
not constricted +
tuberculate +, rugose +, muricate +  and smooth +
filiform +
barbellulate +  and smooth +
Field sow-thistle +  and laiteron des champs +
zygomorphic +, actinomorphic +  and (3-)5-merous +
yellow +  and orange +
oblanceoloid +  and ellipsoid +
Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, N.S. +, N.W.T. +, Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.) +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Yukon +, Alaska +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, Maine +, Mass. +, Md. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Nebr. +, Nev. +, Ohio +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Utah +, Va. +, Vt. +, W.Va. +, Wash. +, Wis. +, Wyo. +, Europe +, also in South America +, Asia +, Africa +, Pacific Islands (New Zealand) +  and Australia +
transversely rugulose +  and tuberculate +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
indeterminate +
each +  and sessile +
connate +  and coherent +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
campanulate;urceolate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br />) +
sessile +  and petiolate +
cauline +  and basal +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
curved +  and straight +
cauline +  and mid +
lobed +, rounded +, auriculate +, oblong +  and lanceolate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +  and 15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (?) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
curved +  and straight +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
cauline +  and mid +
lobed +, rounded +, auriculate +, oblong +  and lanceolate +
2cm +  and 15cm +
2-carpellate +
persistent +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
stipitate-glandular +
connate +  and distinct +
stipitate-glandular +
27 +  and 50 +
flat;convex +
4 +  and 5 +
exalbuminous +
Introduced +
woody +  and hard +
stipitate-glandular +  and glabrous +
appendaged +  and truncate +
papillate +
Undefined tribe Lactuceae +
Sonchus arvensis +
species +
entire +  and dentate +
usually larger +
stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
150 cm1,500 mm <br />1.5 m <br /> (200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br />) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (150 cm1,500 mm <br />1.5 m <br />) +
shrub +  and subshrub +