View source for Consolida

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Consolida
|accepted_authority=(de Candolle) Gray
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl.
|place=2: 711. 1822
|year=1822
}}
|common_names=Larkspur
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Delphinium sect. Consolida
|authority=de Candolle
|rank=section
|publication_title=Syst. Nat.
|publication_place=1: 341. 1817
}}
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Ranunculaceae;Consolida
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Ranunculaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Consolida]]</div></div>
|etymology=Latin consolidatus, to become solid or firm, from reputed ability to heal wounds
|volume=Volume 3
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form"><b>Herbs,</b> annual, from slender taproots.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="proximal leaf life cycle;proximal leaf arrangement;proximal leaf architecture;distal leaf architecture"><b>Leaves </b>all cauline at anthesis, alternate, proximal leaves petiolate, distal leaves nearly sessile.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf-blade shape;leaf-blade arrangement or shape;lobe width;margin architecture or shape"><b>Leaf-</b>blade palmately finely dissected, ±semicircular, lobes less than 2 mm wide (except sometimes on leaves near base of stem), margins entire.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;raceme architecture;raceme some measurement"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal, 3-45 (-75) -flowered racemes, 5-30 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="bract architecture or shape">bracts leaflike, not forming involucre.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="flower reproduction;flower architecture or shape"><b>Flowers </b>bisexual, bilaterally symmetric;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="sepal duration;fruit quantity">sepals not persistent in fruit, 5;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="upper sepal quantity;upper sepal architecture or shape;upper sepal some measurement">upper sepal 1, spurred, 5-18 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="lateral sepal quantity;lateral sepal shape;lateral sepal shape;lateral sepal architecture or shape;lateral sepal some measurement">lateral sepals 2, elliptic or lanceolate, sometimes spurred, 5-18 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="lower sepal quantity">lower sepals 2, similar to lateral sepals;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="petal quantity;petal fusion;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal architecture or shape;spur shape;spur some measurement">petals 2, connate, blue to purple, pink, or white, spurred, spur enclosed in upper sepal, 1-2-lobed, 3-8 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="">nectary on spur;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="stamen quantity">stamens many;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="base size">filaments with base expanded;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="staminode presence">staminodes absent between stamens and pistils;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="pistil quantity;pistil architecture">pistil 1, simple;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="ovule quantity">ovules several per pistil;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="style presence">style present.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="fruits follicle architecture or arrangement or growth form;fruits follicle architecture;fruits follicle shape;side architecture or pubescence or relief"><b>Fruits </b>follicles, solitary, sessile, ±cylindric, sides smooth;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="beak position or structure subtype;beak course;beak some measurement">beak terminal, straight, 1-2 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties=""><b>Seeds </b>dark-brown to black, obpyramidal to 3-angled.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="seed coloration;seed shape;x chromosome quantity">x=8.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Temperate and subtropical regions;North America;Europe;Africa;Asia;Australia
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 40 (5 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>All species of Consolida included here are cultivated in North America. Consolida regalis has been reported to self-sow for many years. Inclusion of the other four species is based on herbarium specimens with label data indicating that the specimens were collected from sites not under cultivation at the time.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Proximal bracts simple, sometimes lowermost 3-lobed.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Proximal bracts (at least 2 lowermost) dissected into 3 or more lobes.
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Spur less than 12 mm.
|[[Consolida tenuissima|Consolida tenuissima]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Spur 12 mm or more.
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Terminal lobe of petal more than 2 mm wide, sinus more than 0.5 mm deep; stems ± puberulent.
|[[Consolida regalis|Consolida regalis]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Terminal lobe of petal less than 2 mm wide, sinus less than 0.5 mm deep; stems densely pubescent.
|[[Consolida pubescens|Consolida pubescens]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Bracteoles touching sepals, 1–5 mm proximal to flower; spur 12 mm or less.
|[[Consolida orientalis|Consolida orientalis]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Bracteoles (at least on proximal flowers) not touching sepals, 4–20 mm proximal to flower; spur 12 mm or more.
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Follicles less than 1/2 length of proximal pedicels; inflorescence with 3 or more branches; stems pubescent.
|[[Consolida pubescens|Consolida pubescens]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Follicles 1/2 or more length of proximal pedicels; inflorescence usually with 3 or fewer branches; stems glabrous to sparsely puberulent.
|[[Consolida ajacis|Consolida ajacis]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Consolida
|author=Michael J. Warnock
|authority=(de Candolle) Gray
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=Delphinium sect. Consolida
|family=Ranunculaceae
|distribution=Temperate and subtropical regions;North America;Europe;Africa;Asia;Australia
|reference=None
|publication title=Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl.
|publication year=1822
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V3/V3_1038.xml
|genus=Consolida
|base size=expanded
|beak course=straight
|beak position or structure subtype=terminal
|beak some measurement=1mm;2mm
|bract architecture or shape=leaflike
|distal leaf architecture=sessile
|flower architecture or shape=symmetric
|flower reproduction=bisexual
|fruit quantity=5
|fruits follicle architecture=sessile
|fruits follicle architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary
|fruits follicle shape=cylindric
|inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal
|lateral sepal architecture or shape=spurred
|lateral sepal quantity=2
|lateral sepal shape=lanceolate;elliptic
|lateral sepal some measurement=5mm;18mm
|leaf-blade arrangement or shape=semicircular
|leaf-blade shape=dissected
|lobe width=0mm;2mm
|lower sepal quantity=2
|margin architecture or shape=entire
|ovule quantity=several
|petal architecture or shape=spurred
|petal coloration=blue;purple pink or white
|petal fusion=connate
|petal quantity=2
|pistil architecture=simple
|pistil quantity=1
|proximal leaf architecture=petiolate
|proximal leaf arrangement=alternate
|proximal leaf life cycle=anthesis
|raceme architecture=3-45(-75)-flowered
|raceme some measurement=5cm;30cm
|seed coloration=dark-brown;black
|seed shape=obpyramidal;3-angled
|sepal duration=not persistent
|side architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|spur shape=1-2-lobed
|spur some measurement=3mm;8mm
|stamen quantity=many
|staminode presence=absent
|style presence=absent
|upper sepal architecture or shape=spurred
|upper sepal quantity=1
|upper sepal some measurement=5mm;18mm
|whole_organism duration=annual
|whole_organism growth form=herb
|x chromosome quantity=8
}}<!--

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