View source for ×triticosecale

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=×triticosecale
|accepted_authority=Wittm. ex A. Camus
|publications=
|common_names=Triticale
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Poaceae;Poaceae subfam. Pooideae;Poaceae tribe Triticeae;×triticosecale
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Poaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Poaceae subfam. Pooideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Poaceae tribe Triticeae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[×triticosecale]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 24
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 261
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form"><b>Plants </b>annual.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="culm some measurement;culm orientation;culm course;culm shape"><b>Culms </b>to 130 cm, erect, straight or geniculate at the lowest node.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf position"><b>Leaves </b>mainly cauline;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="ligule some measurement;ligule texture;ligule shape">ligules 2-4 mm, membranous, truncate to rounded.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;spike arrangement;spikelet architecture or arrangement or growth form"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal, distichous spikes, with solitary spikelets;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="internode some measurement;internode pubescence">internodes 3-5 mm, densely pilose, at least on the edges.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="spikelet some measurement;floret quantity;distal floret size"><b>Spikelets </b>10-17 mm, with 2-4 florets, distal floret usually reduced.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="glume some measurement;glume shape;keel fragility;keel architecture or pubescence or shape;apex shape;apex architecture or shape;awn some measurement"><b>Glumes </b>9-12 mm, asymmetrically keeled, keels stronger and sometimes conspicuously ciliate distally, apices retuse to acute, awned, awns 3-4 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="lemma some measurement;lemma shape;lemma shape;keel architecture or pubescence or shape;keel architecture or shape;awn some measurement">lemmas 10-15 mm, laterally compressed, keeled, keels sometimes ciliate distally, terminally awned, awns 3-50 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="anther quantity;anther coloration;x chromosome quantity">anthers 3, yellow, x = 7.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|discussion=<p>×Triticosecale comprises hybrids between Secale and Triticum. Natural hybrids between the two genera are rare, but Triticale, which consists of cultivars derived from artificial hybrids between S. cereale and T. aestivum, is becoming an increasingly important cereal crop. The existing names in ×Triticosecale do not apply to Triticale because they involve different species of Triticum.</p><!--
--><p>Triticale cultivars often have a complex ancestry, involving multiple hybridizations, backcrossings, and artificially induced chromosome doubling. Their genetic material varies from being derived almost entirely from Triticum to being derived almost entirely from Secale. For this reason, they are best identified as such, e.g., ×Triticosecale 'Newton' or ×Triticosecale 'Bokolo'. A hybrid formula would misrepresent their genetic and morphological diversity.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=stace1987a
|text=Stace, C.A. 1987. Triticale: A case of nomenclatural mistreatment. Taxon 36:445-452.
}}
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=×triticosecale
|author=Mary E. Barkworth;
|authority=Wittm. ex A. Camus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Poaceae
|illustrator=Cindy Roché
|illustration copyright=Utah State University
|reference=stace1987a
|publication title=
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V24/V24_374.xml
|subfamily=Poaceae subfam. Pooideae
|tribe=Poaceae tribe Triticeae
|genus=×triticosecale
|anther coloration=yellow
|anther quantity=3
|apex architecture or shape=awned
|apex shape=retuse;acute
|awn some measurement=3mm;50mm
|culm course=straight
|culm orientation=erect
|culm shape=geniculate
|culm some measurement=0cm;130cm
|distal floret size=reduced
|floret quantity=2;4
|glume shape=keeled
|glume some measurement=9mm;12mm
|inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal
|internode pubescence=pilose
|internode some measurement=3mm;5mm
|keel architecture or pubescence or shape=ciliate;ciliate
|keel architecture or shape=awned
|keel fragility=stronger
|leaf position=cauline
|lemma shape=keeled;compressed
|lemma some measurement=10mm;15mm
|ligule shape=truncate;rounded
|ligule some measurement=2mm;4mm
|ligule texture=membranous
|spike arrangement=distichous
|spikelet architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary
|spikelet some measurement=10mm;17mm
|whole_organism duration=annual
|whole_organism growth form=plant
|x chromosome quantity=7
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Poaceae tribe Triticeae]]