View source for Adenocaulon

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Adenocaulon
|accepted_authority=Hooker
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Bot. Misc.
|place=1: 19, plate 15. 1829
|year=1829
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Mutisieae;Adenocaulon
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Mutisieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Adenocaulon]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek aden, gland, and kaulos, stem
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 12, 52, 70, 71, 78
|treatment_page=page 77
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole-organism atypical some measurement;whole-organism atypical some measurement;whole-organism some measurement;whole-organism duration"><b>Perennials </b>(perhaps flowering first-year, usually rhizomatous), (10–) 30–60 (–100+) cm (aerial stems usually proximally tomentose and distally stipitate-glandular).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>basal and cauline;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf position;leaf position;leaf architecture;leaf architecture">petiolate (proximal) or sessile (distal);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="blade shape;base shape;margin shape;abaxial face pubescence;adaxial face pubescence">blades ovate to ± triangular [suborbiculate], bases mostly truncate to cordate or hastate, margins coarsely dentate or lobulate to denticulate or entire, abaxial faces tomentose, adaxial faces glabrate (distalmost leaves often linear or scalelike).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="head architecture or shape;array architecture;array architecture"><b>Heads </b>disciform, borne in open paniculiform arrays.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="involucre shape;involucre diameter"><b>Involucres </b>cuplike to saucer-shaped (inconspicuous), 4–8+ mm diam.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="phyllary shape;phyllary variability;series quantity;apex shape"><b>Phyllaries </b>in 1–2 series, ovate to oblong, ± equal (reflexed in fruit), apices obtuse.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="receptacle shape;receptacle architecture or pubescence or relief;receptacle pubescence;receptacle architecture"><b>Receptacles </b>convex, smooth, glabrous, epaleate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="outer floret quantity;floret architecture;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla architecture"><b>Florets:</b> outer 3–7 florets pistillate, corollas white or ochroleucous, obscurely zygomorphic (± 2-lipped; staminodes 4–5, minute; style-branches relatively short);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="inner floret quantity;floret architecture;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla architecture">inner 2–10 florets functionally staminate, corollas white or ochroleucous, actinomorphic (lobes 5);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="basal appendage architecture or shape;apical appendage shape">anther basal appendages (relatively short) entire, apical appendages narrowly triangular;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="style-branch quantity">style-branches none (apices of styles obtuse to acute).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="cypsela shape;cypsela architecture or shape;cypsela architecture or shape;face pubescence"><b>Cypselae </b>clavate to obovoid, not beaked, ± ribbed, faces distally stipitate-glandular;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="">pappi 0.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="pappus presence;x chromosome quantity">x = 23.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Central America;s South America;e Asia
|discussion=<p>Species 5 (1 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Adenocaulon is well adapted for animal dispersal. The prominent glandular hairs on the cypselae are very sticky and cling readily to fabrics, fur, and feathers. The intercontinental disjunctions within the range of Adenocaulon are probably a result of dispersal of cypselae on the feathers of birds. Bird dispersal may also account for the intracontinental disjunctions of A. bicolor (in the Pacific Northwest, the Black Hills, and the northern Great Lakes region). An alternate hypothesis for the disjunctions of A. bicolor is a former transcontinental periglacial distribution that was broken apart by Holocene climatic changes.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=bittmann1990a
|text=Bittmann, M. 1990. Die Gattung Adenocaulon (Compositae): I. Morphologie. Candollea 45: 389–420.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=bittmann1990b
|text=Bittmann, M. 1990b. Die Gattung Adenocaulon (Compositae): II. Ökologie, Verbreitung und Systematik. Candollea 45: 493–518.
}}
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Adenocaulon
|author=David J. Keil
|authority=Hooker
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|distribution=North America;Central America;s South America;e Asia
|reference=bittmann1990a;bittmann1990b
|publication title=Bot. Misc.
|publication year=1829
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V19_17.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Mutisieae
|genus=Adenocaulon
|abaxial face pubescence=tomentose
|adaxial face pubescence=glabrate
|apex shape=obtuse
|apical appendage shape=triangular
|array architecture=paniculiform;open
|basal appendage architecture or shape=entire
|base shape=mostly truncate;cordate or hastate
|blade shape=ovate;more or less triangular
|corolla architecture=actinomorphic;zygomorphic
|corolla coloration=ochroleucous;white;ochroleucous;white
|cypsela architecture or shape=ribbed;not beaked
|cypsela shape=clavate;obovoid
|face pubescence=stipitate-glandular
|floret architecture=staminate;pistillate
|head architecture or shape=disciform
|inner floret quantity=2;10
|involucre diameter=4mm;8mm
|involucre shape=cuplike;saucer-shaped
|leaf architecture=sessile;petiolate
|leaf position=cauline;basal
|margin shape=lobulate;denticulate or entire
|outer floret quantity=3;7
|pappus presence=absent
|phyllary shape=ovate;oblong
|phyllary variability=equal
|receptacle architecture=epaleate
|receptacle architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|receptacle pubescence=glabrous
|receptacle shape=convex
|series quantity=1;2
|style-branch quantity=0
|whole-organism atypical some measurement=60cm;100cm
|whole-organism duration=perennial
|whole-organism some measurement=30cm;60cm
|x chromosome quantity=23
}}<!--

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