View source for Adonis ← Adonis You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Adonis |accepted_authority=Linnaeus |publications={{Treatment/Publication |title=Sp. Pl. |place=1: 547. 175 }}, {{Treatment/Publication |title=Gen. Pl. ed. |place=5, 242. 1754 |year=1754 }} |common_names=Pheasant's-eye;adonis |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Ranunculaceae;Adonis |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Ranunculaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Adonis]]</div></div> |etymology=Greek mythology: sprouted from blood of Adonis, lover of Aphrodite, based on the blood red flowers |volume=Volume 3 |mention_page= |treatment_page= }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form;rhizome fragility or size"><b>Herbs,</b> annual, or perennial from stout rhizomes.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="leaf position;leaf position;proximal leaf architecture;distal leaf architecture"><b>Leaves </b>basal and cauline (cauline often absent at flowering time), proximal leaves petiolate, distal leaves sessile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="cauline leaf arrangement">cauline leaves alternate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf-blade shape;segment arrangement or course or shape;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape;tooth quantity"><b>Leaf-</b>blade 1-3-pinnately dissected, segments narrowly linear, margins entire or with occasional tooth.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;flower architecture or arrangement or growth form"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal, flowers solitary;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="bract presence">bracts absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="flower reproduction;flower architecture or shape"><b>Flowers </b>bisexual, radially symmetric;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="sepal duration;sepal coloration;sepal coloration;sepal shape;sepal shape;sepal some measurement;fruit atypical quantity;fruit quantity;apex architecture or relief">sepals not persistent in fruit, 5 (-8), nearly colorless or green, plane, obovate, 6-22 mm, apex ± erose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="petal quantity;petal fusion;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal shape;petal shape;petal some measurement">petals 3-20, distinct, yellow to red [white], often striped or basally darkened with black, purple, or blue, plane, oblanceolate, 8-35 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="nectary presence">nectary absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="stamen quantity">stamens 15-80;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="filament shape">filaments filiform;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="staminode presence">staminodes absent between stamens and pistils;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="pistil quantity;pistil architecture">pistils ca. 20-50, simple;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="ovule quantity">ovule 1 per pistil;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="style presence">style present.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="fruits achene architecture;fruits achene architecture;fruits achene shape;side architecture;side relief"><b>Fruits </b>achenes, aggregate, sessile, nearly globose, sides veined or rugose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="beak position or structure subtype;beak course;beak course;beak some measurement;x chromosome quantity">beak terminal, straight or strongly curved, 0.5-1 mm. <b>x</b>=8.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=North America;Eurasia;nAfrica |discussion=<p>Species ca. 35 (3 in the flora).</p><!-- --><p>Several species of Adonis are frequently cultivated in North America for their showy flowers. In eastern North America the species sometimes escape from cultivation; although they may become briefly naturalized, most populations evidently do not persist. In the western United States A.aestivalis apparently was introduced as a contaminant in agricultural seed and might have escaped from cultivation. It has become naturalized, and populations tend to persist.</p><!-- --><p>Reliance on herbarium specimens, rather than population studies, of annual Adonis in North America has resulted in confused species concepts. Flower color is variable within the species and changes with drying, and diagnostic features of the fruit are reliable only when achenes are fully mature (C. C. Heyn and B. Pazy 1989).</p><!-- --><p>While most Ranunculaceae attract pollinators to often highly specialized floral nectaries, Adonis lacks nectaries, instead offering pollen as a reward. The fruits are harvested by ants.</p><!-- --><p>Leaves and roots are said to be poisonous to humans and livestock.</p> |tables= |references= }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Herbs perennial; flowers 4–8 cm diam., anthers yellow; achenes pubescent, beak strongly recurved. |[[Adonis vernalis|Adonis vernalis]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Herbs annual; flowers 1.5–3 cm diam., anthers purple-black (olive green with age); achenes glabrous, beak straight or nearly so, erect. |[[#key-0-2| > 2]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Body of achene without transverse flange, abaxial keel not toothed. |[[Adonis annua|Adonis annua]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Body of achene with transverse flange (usually most pronounced abaxially), abaxial keel with small tooth at junction with flange. |[[Adonis aestivalis|Adonis aestivalis]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Adonis |author=Bruce D. Parfitt |authority=Linnaeus |rank=genus |parent rank=family |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Ranunculaceae |distribution=North America;Eurasia;nAfrica |reference=None |publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed. |publication year=;1754 |special status= |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V3/V3_899.xml |genus=Adonis |apex architecture or relief=erose |beak course=curved;straight |beak position or structure subtype=terminal |beak some measurement=0.5mm;1mm |bract presence=absent |cauline leaf arrangement=alternate |distal leaf architecture=sessile |filament shape=filiform |flower architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary |flower architecture or shape=symmetric |flower reproduction=bisexual |fruit atypical quantity=5;8 |fruit quantity=5 |fruits achene architecture=sessile;aggregate |fruits achene shape=globose |inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal |leaf position=cauline;basal |leaf-blade shape=dissected |margin architecture or shape=with occasional tooth;entire |nectary presence=absent |ovule quantity=1 |petal coloration=blue;purple;punct;darkened with black;striped;blue;purple;punct;darkened with black;striped;yellow;red |petal fusion=distinct |petal quantity=3;20 |petal shape=oblanceolate;plane |petal some measurement=8mm;35mm |pistil architecture=simple |pistil quantity=20;50 |proximal leaf architecture=petiolate |rhizome fragility or size=stout |segment arrangement or course or shape=linear |sepal coloration=green;colorless |sepal duration=not persistent |sepal shape=obovate;plane |sepal some measurement=6mm;22mm |side architecture=veined |side relief=rugose |stamen quantity=15;80 |staminode presence=absent |style presence=absent |tooth quantity=occasional |whole_organism duration=perennial;annual;perennial;annual |whole_organism growth form=herb |x chromosome quantity=8 }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Ranunculaceae]] Templates used on this page: Template:Ranunculaceae (view source) Template:Treatment/AuthorLink (view source) Template:Treatment/Body (view source) Template:Treatment/Body/Maps (view source) Template:Treatment/ID (view source) Template:Treatment/Publication (view source) Return to Adonis.