View source for Alcea ← Alcea You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Alcea |accepted_authority=Linnaeus |publications={{Treatment/Publication |title=Sp. Pl. |place=2: 687. 1753 |year=1753 }}, {{Treatment/Publication |title=Gen. Pl. ed. |place=5, 307. 1754 |year=1754 }} |common_names=Hollyhock |special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status |code=I |label=Introduced }} |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Malvaceae;Malvaceae subfam. Malvoideae;Alcea |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Malvaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Malvaceae subfam. Malvoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Alcea]]</div></div> |etymology=Greek alkea, a kind of mallow |volume=Volume 6 |mention_page=page 218, 228, 231 |treatment_page=page 227 }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism pubescence;whole_organism growth form"><b>Herbs,</b> [annual], biennial or perennial, stellate-hairy to pilose or hirsute or glabrous, [sometimes with some long, simple hairs, sometimes glabrate].</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem orientation;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>erect, usually simple.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stipule duration;stipule duration;stipule shape;stipule shape;stipule pubescence"><b>Leaves:</b> stipules persistent or caducous, ovate [unlobed] or 2–4-fid, sparsely to densely stellate-pilose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;base shape;base shape;base architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape;apex shape">blade orbiculate, angled, weakly lobed or deeply palmately parted, base cordate, cuneate, or truncate, margins crenate-serrate, apex acute to obtuse.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="inflorescence position;inflorescence position;inflorescence architecture;flower architecture;flower position;flower arrangement;flower shape;flower position"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal and/or axillary, usually unbranched, racemes, often with 1–5-flowered axillary fascicles, elongate, flowers axillary, solitary or fascicled;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="raceme architecture or arrangement or growth form;raceme architecture or arrangement;bractlet duration;bractlet fixation;bractlet fusion;bractlet shape;bractlet pubescence">involucellar bractlets persistent, attached to apex of pedicel, connate basally, 6–7 [–9] -parted, stellate-hairy.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="calyx size;calyx shape;lobe coloration or pubescence or relief;lobe shape;margin architecture or shape;apex shape;apex pubescence"><b>Flowers:</b> calyx usually accrescent, not inflated, lobes slightly or conspicuously striate, lanceolate, margins entire, apex obtuse to acuminate, densely stellate-pilose-hairy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="corolla shape;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;base pubescence">corolla rotate, white, pink, red, purple, or yellow, darker or paler basally, base densely white-pilose-hairy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="staminal column position;staminal column shape;anther arrangement;anther coloration;anther pubescence">staminal column exserted, 5-angled, anthers crowded, pale-yellow, glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="ovary architecture">ovary [15–] 20–40-carpellate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="ovule quantity">ovules 1 per carpel;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="style architecture">style [15–] 20–40-branched (equaling number of locules);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="stigma shape;stigma shape">stigmas decurrent, filiform.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="fruits schizocarp orientation;fruits schizocarp shape;fruits schizocarp shape;fruits schizocarp condition or texture;central axis variability;central axis height or length or size;central axis dehiscence"><b>Fruits </b>schizocarps, erect, not inflated, disc-shaped, dry, central axis equaling or shorter than mericarps, indehiscent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="mericarp atypical quantity;mericarp quantity;mericarp architecture;mericarp shape;mericarp arrangement or shape;mericarp relief;mericarp pubescence;ventral notch prominence">mericarps [15–] 20–40, 2-celled (proximal cell 1-seeded, distal cell sterile), laterally compressed and reniform-circular with prominent ventral notch, smooth to wrinkled, hairy [glabrous].</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties=""><b>Seeds </b>1 per mericarp, brown, reniform, glabrous or minutely hairy.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="seed quantity;seed coloration;seed shape;seed pubescence;seed pubescence;x chromosome quantity">x = 21 [n = 13, 21].</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=s Europe;Asia (Mediterranean region to c Asia) |introduced=true |discussion=<p>A few species of Alcea are widely cultivated and both species in the flora area are escapes from cultivation. Various authors have treated some of these taxa within Althaea, but this disagrees with Linnaeus’s concepts of the two genera as quite distinct. The primary difference is that Alcea has a two-chambered mericarp (the upper chamber being empty and vestigial) and yellowish anthers, and Althaea has a one-chambered mericarp and purple or brownish-purple anthers. Current treatments consistently accept the two genera as distinct; see M. E. Uzunhisarcikii and M. Vural (2012) for a discussion of the two genera and their circumscriptions.</p><!-- --><p>Alcea biennis Winterl occasionally is planted and rarely is found as an escape. It differs from the two species treated here by its white to pink corolla with a pale yellow to greenish center and by its generally more deeply lobed petals that are usually more separated and less overlapping. Its involucel is more than one-half as long as the calyx, sometimes equal in length, the sepals are conspicuously striate, the pedicel is 1–25 mm long, and the mericarps are conspicuously winged; its leaves are inconspicuously lobed or merely angled.</p><!-- --><p>Species ca. 70 (2 in the flora).</p> |tables= |references= }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Leaf blades angled or shallowly lobed or rarely more deeply; flowers usually white, pink, red, or purple, rarely yellow, not drying greenish; involucellar bractlets 1/2+ calyx length. |[[Alcea rosea|Alcea rosea]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Leaf blades lobed usually halfway or more to midrib, often figlike; flowers pale yellow, usually drying greenish; involucellar bractlets usually 1/2–2/3 calyx length. |[[Alcea rugosa|Alcea rugosa]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Alcea |author=Steven R. Hill |authority=Linnaeus |rank=genus |parent rank=subfamily |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Malvaceae |distribution=s Europe;Asia (Mediterranean region to c Asia) |introduced=true |reference=None |publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed. |publication year=1753;1754 |special status=Introduced |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V6/V6_406.xml |subfamily=Malvaceae subfam. Malvoideae |genus=Alcea |anther arrangement=crowded |anther coloration=pale-yellow |anther pubescence=glabrous |apex pubescence=stellate-pilose-hairy |apex shape=obtuse;acuminate |base architecture or shape=truncate |base pubescence=white-pilose-hairy |base shape=cuneate;cordate |blade shape=parted;lobed;angled;orbiculate |bractlet duration=persistent |bractlet fixation=attached |bractlet fusion=connate |bractlet pubescence=stellate-hairy |bractlet shape=6-7[-9]-parted |calyx shape=not inflated |calyx size=accrescent |central axis dehiscence=indehiscent |central axis height or length or size=shorter |central axis variability=equaling |corolla coloration=paler;darker;yellow;purple;paler;darker;yellow;purple;paler;darker;yellow;purple;red;pink;white |corolla shape=rotate |flower architecture=1-5-flowered |flower arrangement=fascicles |flower position=axillary;axillary |flower shape=elongate |fruits schizocarp condition or texture=dry |fruits schizocarp orientation=erect |fruits schizocarp shape=disc--shaped;not inflated |inflorescence architecture=unbranched |inflorescence position=axillary;terminal |lobe coloration or pubescence or relief=striate |lobe shape=lanceolate |margin architecture or shape=entire;crenate-serrate |mericarp architecture=2-celled |mericarp arrangement or shape=reniform-circular |mericarp atypical quantity=15;20 |mericarp pubescence=hairy |mericarp quantity=20;40 |mericarp relief=smooth;wrinkled |mericarp shape=compressed |ovary architecture=[15-]20-40-carpellate |ovule quantity=1 |raceme architecture or arrangement=fascicled |raceme architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary |seed coloration=brown |seed pubescence=hairy;glabrous |seed quantity=1 |seed shape=reniform |staminal column position=exserted |staminal column shape=5-angled |stem architecture=simple |stem orientation=erect |stigma shape=filiform;decurrent |stipule duration=caducous;persistent |stipule pubescence=stellate-pilose |stipule shape=2-4-fid;ovate |style architecture=[15-]20-40-branched |ventral notch prominence=prominent |whole_organism duration=perennial;biennial |whole_organism growth form=herb |whole_organism pubescence=stellate-hairy;pilose or hirsute or glabrous |x chromosome quantity=21 }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Malvaceae subfam. 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