View source for Andromeda

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Andromeda
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 393. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 186. 1754 ,
}}
|common_names=Bog rosemary;andromède
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Ericaceae;Ericaceae subfam. Vaccinioideae;Andromeda
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Ericaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Ericaceae subfam. Vaccinioideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Andromeda]]</div></div>
|etymology=For Greek mythological daughter of Cepheus and Cassiope, married to Perseus
|volume=Volume 8
|mention_page=page 376, 496, 497, 504, 507
|treatment_page=page 503
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism growth form"><b>Shrubs.</b></span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem orientation;stem orientation"><b>Stems </b>ascending or spreading, (sparingly branched);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="twig life cycle;twig pubescence">young twigs glaucous (bud-scales glaucous).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf duration"><b>Leaves </b>persistent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="blade arrangement or course or shape;blade shape or vernation;margin shape;margin shape;margin texture;margin architecture or shape">blade linear to narrowly elliptic or oblong, coriaceous, margins entire, revolute (often completely so), abaxial surface glabrous or densely hairy (hairs fine, erect);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="abaxial surface pubescence;abaxial surface pubescence;abaxial surface architecture">venation reticulodromous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;corymb architecture;corymb architecture"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal, umbelliform corymbs, 2–8-flowered, sometimes flowers solitary, (produced on previous year’s growth);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="flower architecture or arrangement or growth form">(bracts glaucous).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="sepal quantity;sepal fusion;sepal shape"><b>Flowers:</b> sepals 5, connate for ca. 13 their lengths, dentate-triangular;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="petal quantity;petal fusion;petal lengths;petal coloration;corolla shape;lobe height or length or size">petals 5, connate for nearly their entire lengths, pink, corolla globose-urceolate, lobes much shorter than tube;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="stamen quantity;stamen position">stamens 10, included;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="filament course;filament shape;filament pubescence">filaments straight, flattened, hairy, without spurs;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="anther dehiscence;awn quantity">anthers with 2 awns (awns solid, slender, ascending awns bent at an angle to anthers and curved-ascending), dehiscent by apical pores;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="pistil architecture">pistil 5-carpellate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="ovary architecture or structure in adjective form">ovary 5-locular;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="stigma architecture or shape">stigma subcapitate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="fruit architecture;fruit architecture;fruit shape;fruit condition or texture"><b>Fruits </b>capsular, 5-valved, (with unthickened sutures), obovoid to subglobose, dry.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="seed quantity;seed shape;seed shape"><b>Seeds </b>25–35, ovoid or ellipsoid;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="">testa multilayered.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="testa architecture;x chromosome quantity">x = 12.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=n North America;Europe;Asia
|discussion=<p>Species 1 or 2 (1 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Linnaeus wrote that Andromeda “is always fixed on some turfy hillock in the midst of the swamps, as Andromeda herself was chained to a rock in the sea, which bathed her feet as the fresh water does the roots of the plant.”</p><!--
--><p>A study of leaf anatomy by K. Lems (1964) showed that Andromeda differs from other members of tribe Andromedeae in many of the 26 characters studied; notably, the petiolar bundle sheaths are typically cresent-shaped and lateral veins arise from the horns of the crescent, phloem occurs only abaxial to the xylem, leaves have pleuroplastic venation with sparse reticulation, and vein endings are very thin with conspicuously large bundle sheath cells. Based on autapomorphies, including the lack of calyx and corolla stomata and strongly multilayered testa, P. F. Stevens et al. (2004) considered Andromeda to be closely related to Zenobia.</p><!--
--><p>The leaves and twigs are used in some parts of Russia for tanning leather. The poison andromedotoxin (also called acetylandromedol or grayanotoxin) was first isolated from Andromeda polifolia and later found to be common in other genera of Ericaceae; it causes low blood pressure, breathing difficulty, vomiting, diarrhea, cramps and, potentially, death. A single ingestion of “mad honey” causes poisonings in Europe and Turkey each year (H. Özhan et al. 2004).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Andromeda
|author=Dorothy M. Fabijan
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subfamily
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Ericaceae
|illustrator=Barbara Alongi
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=n North America;Europe;Asia
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V8/V8_984.xml
|subfamily=Ericaceae subfam. Vaccinioideae
|genus=Andromeda
|abaxial surface architecture=reticulodromous
|abaxial surface pubescence=hairy;glabrous
|anther dehiscence=dehiscent
|awn quantity=2
|blade arrangement or course or shape=linear
|blade shape or vernation=revolute
|corolla shape=globose-urceolate
|corymb architecture=2-8-flowered;umbelliform
|filament course=straight
|filament pubescence=hairy
|filament shape=flattened
|flower architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary
|fruit architecture=5-valved;capsular
|fruit condition or texture=dry
|fruit shape=obovoid;subglobose
|inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal
|leaf duration=persistent
|lobe height or length or size=much shorter
|margin architecture or shape=entire
|margin shape=oblong;elliptic
|margin texture=coriaceous
|ovary architecture or structure in adjective form=5-locular
|petal coloration=pink
|petal fusion=connate
|petal lengths=entire
|petal quantity=5
|pistil architecture=5-carpellate
|seed quantity=25;35
|seed shape=ellipsoid;ovoid
|sepal fusion=connate
|sepal quantity=5
|sepal shape=dentate-triangular
|stamen position=included
|stamen quantity=10
|stem orientation=spreading;ascending
|stigma architecture or shape=subcapitate
|testa architecture=multilayered
|twig life cycle=young
|twig pubescence=glaucous
|whole_organism growth form=shrub
|x chromosome quantity=12
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Ericaceae subfam. Vaccinioideae]]