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of 1-2 rows +  and differentiated +
long-excurrent +  and short-excurrent +
short-triangular +
Richard H. Zander +  and Patricia M. Eckel +
(Hedwig) Mitten +
brownish +  and hyaline +
semicircular +  and ovate +
papillose +  and smooth +
usually slightly wider +
usually ovate;oblong +
Gymnostomum aestivum +
obovoid +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
cucullate +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (?) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
yellowbrown +  and brown +
cleistocarpous +  and stegocarpous +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
dioicous +  and sexual +
superficially flat +  and bulging +
thin;greatly thickened +
vesiculose +  and thin-walled +
few +, 3 +  and 10 +
tomentose +  and bare +
specialized +
dioicous +, sexual +  and asexual +
elongate;subquadrate +
Greenland +, B.C. +, Alaska +, Ariz. +, Colo. +, Wash. +, Mexico +, West Indies +, Central America +, South America +, Eurasia +, Africa +, Atlantic Islands +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, Pacific Islands (New Zealand) +  and Australia +
10-3300 m +
differentiated +
multicellular +
Forming deep green cushions on calcareous and noncalcareous rock, sandstone walls, rock ledges, exposed moist crevices, wet areas +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
yellow +  and orange-red or red +
plane +  and ovate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
concave;keeled;channeled;ovoid;lanceolate or lingulate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
denticulate +, crenulate +  and entire +
differentiated +
spreading +  and appressed-incurved +
short-lanceolate +
reduced +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
dentate +  and entire +
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
long-rostrate +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
photosynthetic +
lateral +  and terminal +
lateral +  and terminal +
red +, orange +  and yellow +
consisting of 16 mostly 2 times cleft spiculose striate or papillose lanceolate teeth , , , , +  and rudimentary +
J. Linn. Soc., Bot. +
straight +
yellowbrown +
elongate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
2 +  and 1 +
yellow +  and yellow-orange +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
oval +  and rounded-triangular or pentagonal +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Anoectangium compactum +  and Anoectangium euchloron +
Anoectangium aestivum +
Anoectangium +
species +
ovoid;cylindric +
red +  and yellow +
acuminate +, triangular +  and lanceolate +
stemless +  and perigoniate +
green;yellowbrown distally +
occasionally smaller than the perichaetiate +