View source for Asparagus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Asparagus
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 313. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 147. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Asparagus-fern;asperge;espárrago
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Liliaceae;Asparagus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Liliaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Asparagus]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek asparasso, to rip, alluding to the spiny leaves of some species
|volume=Volume 26
|mention_page=page 20, 50, 53, 54
|treatment_page=page 213
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism growth form;whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism growth form;tuber shape;appearance shape"><b>Herbs,</b> shrubs, or vines, perennial, from rhizomes, usually with fusiform tubers, often with fernlike appearance.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem nutrition;stem orientation;stem orientation;stem growth form;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>photosynthetic, erect, spreading or climbing, branched;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="cladophyll architecture or arrangement or growth form;cladophyll architecture or arrangement;leaf size;leaf texture">cladophylls solitary or fasciculate, in nodes of reduced, scarious leaves.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf size;leaf shape;leaf texture;leaf architecture or shape;base texture"><b>Leaves </b>small, scalelike, membranous, or sometimes spiny with hardened base, subtending cladophylls.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="inflorescence position;inflorescence position;inflorescence arrangement;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence arrangement;inflorescence arrangement"><b>Inflorescences </b>axillary or terminal, racemose, or umbellate, paired or solitary;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="raceme height or length or size">racemes short.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="flower reproduction;flower reproduction"><b>Flowers </b>bisexual or unisexual;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="perianth coloration;perianth coloration;perianth coloration;perianth coloration;perianth coloration;perianth shape">perianth greenish, white, or yellowish, campanulate to rotate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="tepal quantity;tepal fusion;tepal fusion;tepal variability">tepals 6, distinct or shortly connate basally, equal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="stamen quantity;stamen fusion;stamen variability">stamens 6, distinct, equal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="anther fixation;anther architecture or structure in adjective form;anther dehiscence">anthers versatile, 2-locular, dehiscence introrse;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="ovary position;ovary architecture or structure in adjective form;septal nectary presence">ovary superior, 3-locular, septal nectaries present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="style architecture">style 3-branched distally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="joint prominence">pedicel with conspicuous joint.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="fruit architecture;fruit coloration;fruit coloration;fruit shape;tepal duration"><b>Fruits </b>baccate, red or purplish black, globose, often with tepals persisting at base.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties=""><b>Seeds </b>1–6, black, globose to angular.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="seed quantity;seed coloration;seed shape;x chromosome quantity">x = 10.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Europe;Asia;Africa;some widely;expected elsewhere
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species 170–300 (4 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Asparagus is a moderately important horticultural genus, with one species commonly grown for its edible young shoots and a number of others grown ornamentally. The genus is treated here in a broad sense (K. Kubitzki and P. J. Rudall 1998; W. S. Judd 2001) and encompasses species that have been segregated in several genera (A. L. Takhtajan 1997; S. T. Malcomber and Sebsebe D. 1993). Embryological features (P. J. Rudall et al. 1998) and DNA-based analyses (M. W. Chase et al. 1996; M. F. Fay et al. 2000; P. J. Rudall et al. 1997) support the monophyly of Asparagus and the Asparagaceae.</p><!--
--><p>Asparagus virgatus Baker has been collected once as a garden escape in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana, but it is probably not truly naturalized in the flora. Asparagus falcatus Linnaeus occasionally persists after cultivation in the Miami–Dade County area of southern Florida (W. S. Judd 2001).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Plants erect; some flowers unisexual.
|[[Asparagus officinalis|Asparagus officinalis]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Plants scrambling, twining, or arching; all flowers bisexual.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Cladophylls solitary at each node, broadly lanceolate to ovate, with 20–24 veins.
|[[Asparagus asparagoides|Asparagus asparagoides]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Cladophylls in fascicles of 3–20 per node, linear or filiform, with single vein.
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Cladophylls filiform; pedicels 1–3 mm; inflorescences 1–4-flowered terminal umbels; berries purplish black.
|[[Asparagus setaceus|Asparagus setaceus]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Cladophylls flattened; pedicels 5–8 mm; inflorescences 5–9(–17)-flowered axillary racemes; berries red.
|[[Asparagus aethiopicus|Asparagus aethiopicus]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Asparagus
|author=Gerald B. Straley†;Frederick H. Utech
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Liliaceae
|distribution=Europe;Asia;Africa;some widely;expected elsewhere
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V26/V26_367.xml
|genus=Asparagus
|anther architecture or structure in adjective form=2-locular
|anther dehiscence=introrse
|anther fixation=versatile
|appearance shape=fernlike
|base texture=hardened
|cladophyll architecture or arrangement=fasciculate
|cladophyll architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary
|flower reproduction=unisexual;bisexual
|fruit architecture=baccate
|fruit coloration=purplish black;red
|fruit shape=globose
|inflorescence architecture=umbellate
|inflorescence arrangement=solitary;paired;racemose
|inflorescence position=terminal;axillary
|joint prominence=conspicuous
|leaf architecture or shape=spiny
|leaf shape=scale-like
|leaf size=small;reduced
|leaf texture=membranous;scarious
|ovary architecture or structure in adjective form=3-locular
|ovary position=superior
|perianth coloration=yellowish;white;yellowish;white;greenish
|perianth shape=campanulate;rotate
|raceme height or length or size=short
|seed coloration=black
|seed quantity=1;6
|seed shape=globose;angular
|septal nectary presence=absent
|stamen fusion=distinct
|stamen quantity=6
|stamen variability=equal
|stem architecture=branched
|stem growth form=climbing
|stem nutrition=photosynthetic
|stem orientation=spreading;erect
|style architecture=3-branched
|tepal duration=persisting
|tepal fusion=connate;distinct
|tepal quantity=6
|tepal variability=equal
|tuber shape=fusiform
|whole_organism duration=perennial
|whole_organism growth form=vine;shrub;herb
|x chromosome quantity=10
}}<!--

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