View source for Avenula ← Avenula You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Avenula |accepted_authority=(Dumort.) Dumort. |publications= |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Poaceae;Poaceae subfam. Pooideae;Poaceae tribe Poeae;Avenula |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Poaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Poaceae subfam. Pooideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Poaceae tribe Poeae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Avenula]]</div></div> |volume=Volume 24 |mention_page= |treatment_page=page 698 }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>perennial;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism growth form">cespitose, sometimes stoloniferous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="culm some measurement"><b>Culms </b>10-110 cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="sheath architecture;sheath length"><b>Sheaths </b>usually open, sometimes closed for most of their length;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="auricle presence">auricles absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="ligule texture;ligule shape">ligules membranous, acute to truncate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;adaxial surface architecture;margin architecture">blades flat or folded, adaxial surfaces unribbed, with a furrow on either side of the midveins, margins sclerenchymatous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="panicle size;branch quantity;spikelet quantity"><b>Inflorescences </b>reduced panicles, many branches (all branches in depauperate specimens) with a single spikelet.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="floret quantity"><b>Spikelets </b>with 2-7 florets;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="side arrangement">rachillas glabrous on the side adjacent to the paleas, hairy elsewhere;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="rachilla pubescence;rachilla pubescence">disarticulation above the glumes, beneath the florets.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="glume architecture;lemma length or size;lemma arrangement;lemma length or size;lemma arrangement"><b>Glumes </b>as long as or longer than the adjacent lemmas, 1-3-veined, unawned;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="callus shape">calluses acute;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="lemma architecture;lemma shape;lemma architecture or shape;lemma architecture or shape;awn shape;awn shape;awn shape;awn architecture">lemmas 5-7-veined, obtuse, bifid, awned from about midlength, awns geniculate, flattened or terete and twisted below the bend;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="lateral wing quantity;apex architecture or shape">paleas with lateral wings less than 1/2 as wide as the intercostal region, apices shallowly bifid;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="lodicule quantity;lodicule architecture or shape;lodicule shape">lodicules 2, entire, unlobed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="anther quantity">anthers 3.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="caryopse length;caryopse height or length or size;caryopse prominence"><b>Caryopses </b>more than twice as long as the hila, shorter than the lemmas, concealed at maturity;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="endosperm texture;endosperm texture;x chromosome quantity">endosperm liquid or semiliquid, x = 7.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=N.J.;Minn.;Mass.;N.Mex.;Del.;N.Dak.;Mont.;S.Dak.;Vt.;Colo.;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.W.T.;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Wyo.;Conn. |discussion=<p>Avenula is a genus of approximately 30 species, most of which are European. One species is native to the Flora region, and one has been introduced. The genus is frequently included in Helictotrichon, from which it differs in having acute cauline ligules, unribbed leaves, rachillas glabrous on one side, unlobed lodicules, short hila, liquid to semi-liquid endosperm, and no sclerenchyma ring in its roots.</p> |tables= |references={{Treatment/Reference |id=dixon1991a |text=Dixon, J.M. 1991. Biological flora of the British Isles: Avenula (Dumort.) Dumort. J. Ecol. 79:829-865 }}{{Treatment/Reference |id=gervais1973a |text=Gervais, C. 1973. Contribution a l'etude cytologique et taxonomique des avoines vivaces. Denkschr. Schweiz. Naturf. Ges. 88:3-166 }}{{Treatment/Reference |id=holub1963a |text=Holub, J. 1963. Ein Beitragzur Abgrenzung der Gattungen in der Tribus Aveneae: Die Gattung Avenochloa Holub. Acta Horti Bot. Prague 1962:75-86. }} }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Sheaths closed for less than 1/3 their length, sheaths and blades smooth to scabridulous; panicles 4-13 cm long, usually 0.8-2.5 cm wide; awns 10-17 mm long, flattened below the bend |[[Avenula hookeri|Avenula hookeri]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Sheaths closed to near the top, sheaths and blades usually pubescent; panicles 6-20 cm long, 2-6 cm wide; awns 12-26 mm long, terete below the bend |[[Avenula pubescens|Avenula pubescens]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Avenula |author=Gordon C. Tucker; |authority=(Dumort.) Dumort. |rank=genus |parent rank=tribe |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Poaceae |distribution=N.J.;Minn.;Mass.;N.Mex.;Del.;N.Dak.;Mont.;S.Dak.;Vt.;Colo.;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.W.T.;Ont.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Wyo.;Conn. |reference=dixon1991a;gervais1973a;holub1963a |publication title= |publication year= |special status= |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V24/V24_987.xml |subfamily=Poaceae subfam. Pooideae |tribe=Poaceae tribe Poeae |genus=Avenula |adaxial surface architecture=unribbed |anther quantity=3 |apex architecture or shape=bifid |auricle presence=absent |awn architecture=twisted |awn shape=terete;flattened;geniculate |blade shape=folded;flat |branch quantity=many |callus shape=acute |caryopse height or length or size=shorter |caryopse length=2+ times as long as the hila |caryopse prominence=concealed |culm some measurement=10cm;110cm |endosperm texture=semiliquid;liquid |floret quantity=2;7 |glume architecture=1-3-veined |lateral wing quantity=0;1/2 |lemma architecture=5-7-veined |lemma architecture or shape=awned;bifid |lemma arrangement=adjacent;adjacent |lemma length or size=longer;longer |lemma shape=obtuse |ligule shape=acute;truncate |ligule texture=membranous |lodicule architecture or shape=entire |lodicule quantity=2 |lodicule shape=unlobed |margin architecture=sclerenchymatous |panicle size=reduced |rachilla pubescence=hairy;glabrous |sheath architecture=open |sheath length=closed |side arrangement=adjacent |spikelet quantity=single |whole_organism architecture=stoloniferous |whole_organism duration=perennial |whole_organism growth form=plant;cespitose |x chromosome quantity=7 }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Poaceae tribe Poeae]] Templates used on this page: Template:Poaceae (view source) Template:Treatment/AuthorLink (view source) Template:Treatment/Body (view source) Template:Treatment/Body/Maps (view source) Template:Treatment/ID (view source) Template:Treatment/Reference (view source) Return to Avenula.