View source for Barbula ← Barbula You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Barbula |accepted_authority=Hedwig |publications={{Treatment/Publication |title=Sp. Musc. Frond., |place=115. 1801, }} |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Pottiaceae;Pottiaceae subfam. Barbuloideae;Barbula |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Pottiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Pottiaceae subfam. Barbuloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Barbula]]</div></div> |etymology=Latin barba, beard, and -ula, diminutive, alluding to peristome |volume=Volume 27 |mention_page=page 15, 38, 479, 492, 525, 527, 529, 540, 566, 577, 606, 610 |treatment_page=page 528 }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism growth form;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism growth form"><b>Plants </b>loosely cespitose or forming cushions, yellowish-brown, brown or blackish distally, yellowish-brown to reddish-brown proximally.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem size;stem atypical some measurement;stem some measurement"><b>Stems </b>short-to-elongate, to 2 (–3.5) cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="hyalodermi presence;scleroderm presence;central strand presence">hyalodermis rarely present, sclerodermis present, central strand present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="axillary hair size;cell coloration">axillary hairs short-to-elongate, all cells almost always hyaline.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>appressed incurved to weakly spreading, often contorted or twisted about stem, occasionally catenulate when dry, spreading when moist;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="leaf orientation;leaf orientation;leaf arrangement or shape;leaf architecture;leaf arrangement;leaf orientation;leaf architecture;leaf architecture;adaxial surface architecture;adaxial surface shape">ligulate or broadly lanceolate to long-triangular, adaxial surface usually deeply grooved along costa, occasionally broadly concave;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="base variability;base width;base architecture or shape;proximal margin shape">base weakly differentiated to broadened and somewhat sheathing, proximal margins sometimes narrowly decurrent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="margin orientation;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape">margins usually recurved in proximal 1/2–2/3, occasionally plane throughout, entire or occasionally weakly denticulate near apex;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="lamina architecture">lamina 1-stratose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="apex shape;apex shape;apex architecture or shape;apex architecture or shape">apex rounded to obtusely acute, usually mucronate, occasionally entire or apiculate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="costa architecture;mucro shape;cell quantity;adaxial outgrowth presence;adaxial cell shape;adaxial cell shape;row atypical quantity;row quantity">costa percurrent to shortly excurrent as a sharp mucro, occasionally ending a few cells before the apex, adaxial outgrowths absent, adaxial cells elongate, occasionally quadrate to shortrectangular, in 2–3 (–5) rows;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="transverse-section shape;adaxial epidermis variability;band presence;band size;guide cell quantity;layer quantity;hydroid strand presence;band presence;band fragility;band shape;abaxial epidermis shape;abaxial epidermis variability">transverse-section ovate to semicircular, adaxial epidermis differentiated, adaxial stereid band usually present, usually small, guide cells 2–4 in 1 layer, hydroid strand occasionally present, abaxial stereid band present, usually strong, semilunar in sectional shape, abaxial epidermis usually present but weakly differentiated;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="basal-cell variability;basal-cell quantity;distal cell position relational;distal cell position;distal cell shape;distal cell width;distal cell width;distal cell shape;distal cell width;distal cell shape;distal cell width;distal cell shape;distal cell width;distal cell shape;distal cell quantity;wall width">basal-cells differentiated across leaf or reaching higher medially or occasionally marginally, rectangular, usually little wider than the distal cells, 3–5: 1, walls of proximal cells thin to evenly thickened;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="distal medial cell shape;distal medial cell quantity;distal medial cell quantity;distal medial cell architecture">distal medial cells quadrate, usually 1: 1, 1-stratose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="distal medial cell shape;distal medial cell quantity;papilla architecture;papilla architecture;papilla shape;papilla quantity;papilla architecture;papilla presence;side fusion">papillae hollow or solid, multiplex to 2-fid, 2–3 per lumen, occasionally simple or absent, cell-walls thin to evenly thickened, superficially bulging on both free sides.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="tuber reproduction"><b>Specialized </b>asexual reproduction by tubers borne on proximal rhizoids or gemmae borne on axillary stalks.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="cell-wall width;cell-wall pubescence or shape;cell-wall development;cell-wall reproduction;cell-wall reproduction"><b>Sexual </b>condition dioicous or possibly sometimes rhizautoicous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="perichaetium position or structure subtype;interior leaf architecture or shape;interior leaf variability;interior leaf shape;laminal cell shape"><b>Perichaetia </b>terminal, interior leaves sometimes strongly sheathing, little differentiated or ovate to longlanceolate, laminal cells usually rhomboid in proximal 1/2–3/4.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="seta some measurement"><b>Seta </b>0.5–2.5 cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="capsule dehiscence;theca shape;annulus variability;annulus fragility;annulus architecture;annulus duration;row quantity;cell architecture"><b>Capsule </b>stegocarpous, theca ovate to long-cylindric, annulus weakly differentiated to strong, of 1–3 rows of vesiculose cells, sometimes revoluble or deciduous in pieces;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="operculum shape">operculum usually long-conic;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="peristome tooth texture;peristome tooth shape;peristome tooth architecture;ramus quantity;ramus size or width">peristome teeth of 32 narrow rami, filamentous to narrowly triangular, usually strongly twisted counterclockwise.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="calyptra shape"><b>Calyptra </b>cucullate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="spore some measurement;spore coloration;spore coloration;spore coloration"><b>Spores </b>mostly 8–12 µm. KOH laminal color reaction yellow, occasionally yellowish orange.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=Worldwide in temperate zones |discussion=<p>Species ca. 200 (6 in the flora).</p><!-- --><p>Barbula has been much reduced in size. K. Saito (1975) presented cogent reasons for recognizing Didymodon as distinct. Characters of importance in distinguishing Barbula are: axillary hairs almost always entirely of hyaline cells; leaf adaxially usually deeply grooved along the costa; distal laminal cell papillae rough, knobby, obscuring the lumens, and protuberant along the distal laminal margins; costa usually excurrent as a sharp mucro or an apiculus of one or more clear cells; peristome is long and twisted, and as Saito (1975) pointed out, Barbula has gemmae generally larger than those of Didymodon. The three sections are represented in the flora area: sect. Barbula, including B. unguiculata and B. orizabensis; sect. Convolutae Bruch & Schimper (Streblotrichum P. Beauvois), including B. amplexifolia, B. convoluta, and B. indica; and sect. Hydrogonium (Müller Hal.) K. Saito [Hydrogonium (Müller Hal.) A. Jaeger], including B. bolleana. For many taxa previously long-held in Barbula, see 16. Didymodon.</p> |tables= |references={{Treatment/Reference |id=steere1939b |text=Steere, W. C. 1939b. Barbula in North America north of Mexico. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 66: 93–119. }}{{Treatment/Reference |id=zander1994c |text=Zander, R. H. 1994i. Barbula. In: A. J. Sharp et al., eds. The moss flora of Mexico. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 69: 286–296. }} }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Leaves rather flaccid when wet, distal laminal cells 11-15 µm, often lax, quadrate to rectangular, not or weakly papillose |[[Barbula bolleana|Barbula bolleana]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Leaves usually firm when wet, distal laminal cells 7-12 µm, firm, quadrate, usually distinctly and strongly papillose |[[#key-0-2| > 2]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Abaxial costa surface cells doubly prorate (i.e., with both ends of rectangular superficial cells protruding) near apex, often with coarse mammillae in rows across the costa; leaf base widened but not sheathing. |[[Barbula indica|Barbula indica]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Abaxial costa surface cells with crowded, simple or occasionally 2-fid, hollow or solid papillae or smooth, seldom distinctly prorate near apex (and if so then papillae scattered); leaf base weakly sheathing (leaf base strongly sheathing only in B. amplexifolia) |[[#key-0-3| > 3]] |-id=key-0-3 |3 |Costa percurrent or ending before the apex; leaf apex entire or apiculate by a smooth or weakly papillose conical cell; specialized asexual reproduction when present by tubers on proximal rhizoids, or if by axillary gemmae then gemmae large and single in the axils; perigoniophores very short-stemmed. |[[Barbula convoluta|Barbula convoluta]] |-id=key-0-3 |3 |Costa short-excurrent as a mucro or if percurrent, then leaf acuminate; specialized asexual reproduction when present by multiple axillary gemmae; antheridiate plants long-stemmed |[[#key-0-4| > 4]] |-id=key-0-4 |4 |Leaves triangular-lanceolate, margins plane or rarely recurved at mid leaf, leaf base long-oblong and sheathing; abaxial surface of costa smooth or rarely with prorulae; costal hydroids absent; gemmae usually present, on stalks in leaf axils. |[[Barbula amplexifolia|Barbula amplexifolia]] |-id=key-0-4 |4 |Leaves long-ligulate or ovate-lanceolate, margins strongly but narrowly recurved or revolute in proximal half of leaf or to near apex, leaf base short-oblong, widened but not sheathing; abaxial surface of costa with simple papillae; costal hydroids present; gemmae absent or present |[[#key-0-5| > 5]] |-id=key-0-5 |5 |Leaf apex obtuse to broadly acute, margins recurved in proximal 1/2-2/3, rarely to near apex; gemmae always absent. |[[Barbula unguiculata|Barbula unguiculata]] |-id=key-0-5 |5 |Leaf apex abruptly rounded to emarginate, margins recurved to near apex; gemmae spheric, on stalks in leaf axils. |[[Barbula orizabensis|Barbula orizabensis]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Barbula |author=Richard H. Zander |authority=Hedwig |rank=genus |parent rank=subfamily |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Pottiaceae |distribution=Worldwide in temperate zones |reference=steere1939b;zander1994c |publication title=Sp. Musc. Frond., |publication year= |special status= |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V27/V27_758.xml |subfamily=Pottiaceae subfam. Barbuloideae |genus=Barbula |abaxial epidermis shape=present |abaxial epidermis variability=differentiated |adaxial cell shape=quadrate;elongate |adaxial epidermis variability=differentiated |adaxial outgrowth presence=absent |adaxial surface architecture=grooved |adaxial surface shape=concave |annulus architecture=revoluble |annulus duration=deciduous |annulus fragility=strong |annulus variability=differentiated |apex architecture or shape=apiculate;entire |apex shape=mucronate;rounded;obtusely acute |axillary hair size=short;elongate |band fragility=strong |band presence=absent;absent |band shape=semilunar |band size=small |basal-cell quantity=1 |basal-cell variability=differentiated |base architecture or shape=sheathing |base variability=differentiated |base width=broadened |calyptra shape=cucullate |capsule dehiscence=stegocarpous |cell architecture=vesiculose |cell coloration=hyaline |cell quantity=few |cell-wall development=specialized |cell-wall pubescence or shape=bulging |cell-wall reproduction=dioicous;sexual |cell-wall width=thin;evenly thickened |central strand presence=absent |costa architecture=percurrent;shortly excurrent |distal cell position=higher |distal cell position relational=reaching |distal cell quantity=3;5 |distal cell shape=rectangular;rectangular;rectangular;rectangular;rectangular |distal cell width=wider;wider;wider;wider;wider |distal medial cell architecture=1-stratose |distal medial cell quantity=1;1;1 |distal medial cell shape=quadrate;quadrate |guide cell quantity=2;4 |hyalodermi presence=absent |hydroid strand presence=absent |interior leaf architecture or shape=sheathing |interior leaf shape=ovate |interior leaf variability=differentiated |lamina architecture=1-stratose |laminal cell shape=rhomboid |layer quantity=1 |leaf architecture=broadly lanceolate to long-triangular;ligulate;twisted |leaf arrangement=catenulate |leaf arrangement or shape=contorted |leaf orientation=spreading;incurved;weakly spreading |margin orientation=recurved |margin shape=denticulate;entire;plane |mucro shape=sharp |operculum shape=long-conic |papilla architecture=simple;solid;hollow |papilla presence=absent |papilla quantity=2;3 |papilla shape=2-fid |perichaetium position or structure subtype=terminal |peristome tooth architecture=twisted |peristome tooth shape=triangular |peristome tooth texture=filamentous |proximal margin shape=decurrent |ramus quantity=32 |ramus size or width=narrow |row atypical quantity=3;5 |row quantity=1;3 |scleroderm presence=absent |seta some measurement=0.5cm;2.5cm |side fusion=free |spore coloration=yellowish orange;yellow;laminal |spore some measurement=8um;12um |stem atypical some measurement=2cm;3.5cm |stem size=short;elongate |stem some measurement=0cm;2cm |theca shape=ovate;long-cylindric |transverse-section shape=ovate;semicircular |tuber reproduction=asexual |wall width=thin;evenly thickened |whole_organism coloration=yellowish-brown;reddish-brown |whole_organism growth form=plant;forming cushions;cespitose }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Pottiaceae subfam. 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