View source for Bernardia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Bernardia
|accepted_authority=Houstoun ex Miller
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gard. Dict. Abr. ed.
|place=4, vol. 1. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Myrtlecroton;oreja de raton
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Euphorbiaceae;Bernardia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Euphorbiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Bernardia]]</div></div>
|etymology=Probably for Bernard de Jussieu, 1699–1777, French botanist
|volume=Volume 12
|mention_page=page 157, 158, 184
|treatment_page=page 182
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism reproduction;whole_organism growth form"><b>Shrubs </b>[herbs or subshrubs], dioecious [monoecious];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="hair arrangement or shape">hairs stellate [unbranched or absent];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="latex presence">latex absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf duration;leaf arrangement;leaf architecture"><b>Leaves </b>persistent, alternate, simple;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="stipule presence;stipule duration;stipule duration">stipules present, persistent or caducous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="petiole presence;gland presence">petiole present [absent], glands absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="blade shape;margin shape">blade unlobed, margins coarsely crenate to crenate-serrate [serrate or entire], laminar glands usually abaxial, proximal, crateriform, occasionally absent on some leaves [absent];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="laminar gland position;laminar gland position;laminar gland shape;laminar gland presence;laminar gland architecture or shape">venation pinnate (with strong secondary-veins ascending from base).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="inflorescence reproduction;inflorescence position;lateral shoot height or length or size"><b>Inflorescences </b>unisexual, axillary, often on short, lateral shoots;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="thyrse architecture;thyrse architecture;flower architecture;flower architecture or arrangement or growth form">staminate spicate thyrses, pistillate flowers solitary [terminal spikes];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="gland presence">glands subtending bracts 0.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="pedicel architecture;pedicel presence;pedicel architecture;pedicel presence"><b>Pedicels:</b> staminate present, pistillate absent [present].</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="flower architecture;sepal atypical quantity;sepal quantity;sepal arrangement or dehiscence;sepal fusion"><b>Staminate </b>flowers: sepals 3 (–4), valvate, distinct;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="flower architecture;petal presence">petals 0;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="flower architecture;nectary position;nectary quantity;gland quantity">nectary intrastaminal, 1 to several glands;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="flower architecture;stamen atypical quantity;stamen quantity;stamen course;stamen fusion">stamens 3–15 (–20) [–50], ± straight in bud, distinct;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="flower architecture;pistillode presence">pistillode absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="flower architecture;sepal quantity;sepal fusion"><b>Pistillate </b>flowers: sepals 3–5, distinct;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="flower architecture;petal presence">petals 0;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="flower architecture;nectary presence">nectary absent [present];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="flower architecture;pistil architecture">pistil 2–3-carpellate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="flower architecture;style quantity;style fusion;style shape;branch shape;adaxial surface structure in adjective form">styles 2–3, distinct, 2-fid, branches flattened, adaxial surface stigmatic.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties=""><b>Fruits </b>capsules.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="seed shape"><b>Seeds </b>subglobose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s24" data-properties="">caruncle absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s25" data-properties="caruncle presence;x chromosome quantity">x = 13.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=sw;sc United States;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 70 (3 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>The species that occur in the flora area are distinct from most species of the genus in being shrubs with relatively small leaves and stellate vestiture; most Bernardia species are perennial herbs or subshrubs. The rounded shrubs native to the flora area grow well in cultivation and would make attractive native borders within their range.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf blade abaxial surfaces green, sparsely spreading stellate-pubescent, veins not prominent abaxially; pistils 2-carpellate.
|[[Bernardia obovata|Bernardia obovata]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf blade abaxial surfaces grayish white, densely appressed and/or spreading stellate-pubescent, veins prominent abaxially; pistils 3-carpellate.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Stipules persistent, yellowish brown to black, bases thickened, with dark resinous exudate; stamens (3–)5–7.
|[[Bernardia incana|Bernardia incana]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Stipules caducous, green to straw colored, bases not thickened, without dark resinous exudate; stamens (10–)12–15(–20).
|[[Bernardia myricifolia|Bernardia myricifolia]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Bernardia
|author=Mark H. Mayfield
|authority=Houstoun ex Miller
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Euphorbiaceae
|distribution=sw;sc United States;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America
|reference=None
|publication title=Gard. Dict. Abr. ed.
|publication year=1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V12/V12_1107.xml
|genus=Bernardia
|adaxial surface structure in adjective form=stigmatic
|blade shape=unlobed
|branch shape=flattened
|caruncle presence=absent
|flower architecture=pistillate;pistillate;pistillate;pistillate;pistillate;staminate;staminate;staminate;staminate;staminate;pistillate
|flower architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary
|gland presence=absent;absent
|gland quantity=several
|hair arrangement or shape=stellate
|inflorescence position=axillary
|inflorescence reproduction=unisexual
|laminar gland architecture or shape=pinnate
|laminar gland position=proximal;abaxial
|laminar gland presence=absent
|laminar gland shape=crateriform
|lateral shoot height or length or size=short
|latex presence=absent
|leaf architecture=simple
|leaf arrangement=alternate
|leaf duration=persistent
|margin shape=coarsely crenate;crenate-serrate
|nectary position=intrastaminal
|nectary presence=absent
|nectary quantity=1
|pedicel architecture=pistillate;staminate
|pedicel presence=absent;absent
|petal presence=absent;absent
|petiole presence=absent
|pistil architecture=2-3-carpellate
|pistillode presence=absent
|seed shape=subglobose
|sepal arrangement or dehiscence=valvate
|sepal atypical quantity=3;4
|sepal fusion=distinct;distinct
|sepal quantity=3;5
|stamen atypical quantity=15;20
|stamen course=straight
|stamen fusion=distinct
|stamen quantity=3;15
|stipule duration=caducous;persistent
|stipule presence=absent
|style fusion=distinct
|style quantity=2;3
|style shape=2-fid
|thyrse architecture=spicate;staminate
|whole_organism growth form=shrub
|whole_organism reproduction=dioecious
|x chromosome quantity=13
}}<!--

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