View source for Bloomeria

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Bloomeria
|accepted_authority=Kellogg
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.
|place=2: 11. 1863
|year=1863
}}
|common_names=Golden star
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Liliaceae;Bloomeria
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Liliaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Bloomeria]]</div></div>
|etymology=for H. G. Bloomer, 1821–1874, early San Francisco botanist and one-time botanical curator at the California Academy of Sciences
|volume=Volume 26
|mention_page=page 53, 55, 321, 332, 334, 338
|treatment_page=page 336
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism growth form;corm coating"><b>Herbs,</b> perennial, scapose, from fibrous-coated corms.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="leaf quantity"><b>Leaves </b>1–8, basal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="blade shape;margin architecture or shape">blade linearlanceolate, keeled, margins entire.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="scape size;scape shape;scape texture"><b>Scape </b>slender, cylindrical, rigid.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture"><b>Inflorescences </b>umbellate, open, 10–35-flowered, bracteate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="bract quantity;bract texture;bract texture">bracts 2–4, scarious, membranous, not enclosing flower buds.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="tepal quantity;tepal duration;tepal orientation;tepal fusion;tepal fusion;tepal coloration;tepal coloration;tepal coloration;tepal variability;tepal arrangement or course or shape;tepal shape"><b>Flowers:</b> tepals 6, persistent, widely spreading, distinct or barely connate at base, golden yellow, striped brownish or green, nearly equal, oblong-linear, subrotate at anthesis;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="stamen quantity;stamen position;stamen height or length or size">stamens 6, epitepalous, slightly shorter than and inserted at base of tepals;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="filament shape;filament shape;filament some measurement;base shape;base fusion;cup orientation">filaments filiform distally, dilated basally, ca. 6 mm, dilated bases sometimes connate into nectariferous cup, cup sometimes having basal filament appendages arising from apex;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="anther fixation;anther fixation">anthers subbasifixed, versatile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="pistil architecture">pistil 3-carpellate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="ovary position;ovary architecture;ovary architecture or structure in adjective form;ovule orientation;ovule quantity">ovary superior, sessile, 3-locular, ovules anatropous, several per locule;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="style duration;style architecture or dehiscence;style shape;style shape;style some measurement">style persistent, splitting with capsule, filiform or clavate, 5 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="stigma shape">stigma 3-lobed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="pedicel length or size;pedicel orientation;pedicel architecture;base architecture;apex architecture">pedicel long, erect, raylike, base and apex articulate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="fruit architecture;fruit architecture;fruit shape;fruit shape;fruit some measurement;fruit dehiscence"><b>Fruits </b>sessile, capsular, 3-angled, subglobose, 5–6 mm, dehiscence loculicidal.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="seed coloration;seed arrangement or shape;seed shape;seed relief"><b>Seeds </b>black, angular, subovoid, wrinkled, coat with crust.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="x chromosome quantity">x = 9 (except for B. clevelandii x = 14).</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=c and s Calif;Mexico (n Baja California)
|discussion=<p>Species 3 (3 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>J. W. Ingram (1953) considered Bloomeria to be closely related to Brodiaea, Muilla, and Allium. R. F. Hoover (1941, 1955), on the other hand, considered it to be closely related to Triteleia, on the basis of corm morphology, keeled leaves, umbel structure, versatile anthers distant from the style, filament appendages, a stigma with three small lobes, similar seeds, and the same base chromosome number. However, Bloomeria differs generally from Triteleia in that it has distinct tepals and a sessile ovary, although the tepals of some B. crocea are slightly connate at the base, and T. ixioides has a very short perianth tube. Hoover kept the two genera separate on the basis of the stipitate ovary and geographic distribution. Triteleia rarely occurs south of the Tehachapi and the Santa Lucia Mountains in California, where Bloomeria occurs.</p><!--
--><p>Among the most important diagnostic characters within Bloomeria are features of the androecium, particularly the orientation of the stamens relative to the style, and the appendages at the dilated bases of the filaments. These characters are easily seen in the field with a hand lens. When collecting flowering specimens, one should make a point of preparing a few dissected flowers in a manner that displays these critical characters.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Filaments leaning away from style, leaving dilated bases separated and therefore not forming nectariferous cup; style shorter than or equal to ovary; leaves 2–8, 1–3 mm wide.
|[[Bloomeria clevelandii|Bloomeria clevelandii]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Filaments parallel to style, dilated bases connate into nectariferous cup; style longer than ovary; leaves 1–2, 3–15 mm wide.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Scape 15–70 cm; tepals abruptly spreading at base; leaves usually 1.
|[[Bloomeria crocea|Bloomeria crocea]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Scape 5–10 cm; tepals ascending at base, then gradually spreading; leaves usually 1–2.
|[[Bloomeria humilis|Bloomeria humilis]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Bloomeria
|author=J. Chris Pires
|authority=Kellogg
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Liliaceae
|distribution=c and s Calif;Mexico (n Baja California)
|reference=None
|publication title=Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.
|publication year=1863
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V26/V26_681.xml
|genus=Bloomeria
|anther fixation=versatile;subbasifixed
|apex architecture=articulate
|base architecture=articulate
|base fusion=connate
|base shape=dilated
|blade shape=keeled
|bract quantity=2;4
|bract texture=membranous;scarious
|corm coating=fibrous-coated
|cup orientation=arising
|filament shape=dilated;filiform
|filament some measurement=6
|fruit architecture=capsular;sessile
|fruit dehiscence=loculicidal
|fruit shape=subglobose;3-angled
|fruit some measurement=5mm;6mm
|inflorescence architecture=bracteate;10-35-flowered;open;umbellate
|leaf quantity=1;8
|margin architecture or shape=entire
|ovary architecture=sessile
|ovary architecture or structure in adjective form=3-locular
|ovary position=superior
|ovule orientation=anatropous
|ovule quantity=several
|pedicel architecture=raylike
|pedicel length or size=long
|pedicel orientation=erect
|pistil architecture=3-carpellate
|scape shape=cylindrical
|scape size=slender
|scape texture=rigid
|seed arrangement or shape=angular
|seed coloration=black
|seed relief=wrinkled
|seed shape=subovoid
|stamen height or length or size=slightly shorter
|stamen position=epitepalous
|stamen quantity=6
|stigma shape=3-lobed
|style architecture or dehiscence=splitting
|style duration=persistent
|style shape=clavate;filiform
|style some measurement=5
|tepal arrangement or course or shape=oblong-linear
|tepal coloration=green;striped brownish;golden yellow
|tepal duration=persistent
|tepal fusion=connate;distinct
|tepal orientation=spreading
|tepal quantity=6
|tepal shape=subrotate
|tepal variability=equal
|whole_organism architecture=scapose
|whole_organism duration=perennial
|whole_organism growth form=herb
|x chromosome quantity=9
}}<!--

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