View source for Bryum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Bryum
|accepted_authority=Hedwig
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Musc. Frond.,
|place=178, plate 42, figs. 8–12
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=plates
|place=43, 44. 1801
|year=1801
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Bryaceae;Bryum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Bryaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Bryum]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek bryon, moss
|volume=Volume 28
|mention_page=page 10, 11, 118, 120, 125, 132, 141, 154, 176, 186, 236, 661
|treatment_page=page 124
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism size;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism growth form;mat density"><b>Plants </b>small, gregarious or in dense mats, rarely cushions, white, silver-green, olive, pale green, golden, yellow-green, brown, or yellowbrown.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem atypical some measurement;stem some measurement;stem shape;stem shape;stem shape;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>0.2–1 (–2) cm, weakly to strongly rounded julaceous or short-gemmiform, not or weakly branched;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="rhizoid quantity;rhizoid quantity;rhizoid presence;rhizoid presence">rhizoids few or many, micronemata and macronemata absent from stems or present in clusters proximally.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf orientation;leaf shape;leaf shape;leaf atypical some measurement;leaf some measurement;stem-leaf reproduction;stem-leaf arrangement"><b>Leaves </b>with fertile stem-leaves imbricate when dry, erect to erect-spreading when moist, ovatelanceolate to ovate, concave, 0.2–1 (–1.5) mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="base shape">base not decurrent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="margin orientation;margin shape;margin shape;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture;limbidium presence">margins recurved proximally, plane distally, or often plane throughout, ± entire, 1-stratose, limbidium absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="apex shape">apex broadly rounded to acute or rarely acuminate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="costa architecture;apiculu presence;costa coloration;costa architecture or pubescence or relief">costa not reaching apex or excurrent, apiculus sometimes present if costa not reaching apex, often hyaline, smooth, guide cells usually absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="guide cell presence;cell variability;cell height or length or size">alar cells not or somewhat differentiated from juxtacostal cells, usually shorter;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="laminal areolation variability">laminal areolation distinctly heterogeneous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="proximal laminal cell shape;proximal laminal cell shape;proximal laminal cell atypical quantity;proximal laminal cell quantity;proximal laminal cell quantity">proximal laminal cells quadrate or short-rectangular, 1–2 (–3):1;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="medial and distal cell shape;medial and distal cell shape;medial and distal cell atypical quantity;medial and distal cell atypical quantity;medial and distal cell quantity;medial and distal cell quantity">medial and distal cells short-rhomboidal to elongate-hexagonal or rarely vermicular, (1–) 3–6 (–8):1, walls thin to incrassate, not pitted.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="leaf-axil bulbil reproduction;leaf-axil bulbil presence"><b>Specialized </b>asexual reproduction by leaf-axil bulbils or absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="wall width;wall size;wall relief;wall development;wall reproduction;wall reproduction"><b>Sexual </b>condition dioicous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="perigonium position or structure subtype;perichaetium position or structure subtype;leaf size;rosette size;leaf size;leaf reproduction;rosette size;rosette variability;leaf size;leaf variability">perigonia and perichaetia terminal, leaves same size as vegetative leaves or usually larger, not forming rosette, inner leaves not much differentiated.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="seta quantity;seta architecture"><b>Seta </b>single, somewhat twisted when dry.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="capsule orientation;capsule shape;capsule atypical some measurement;capsule some measurement"><b>Capsule </b>inclined to pendent, ovate or clavate to pyriform, (1–) 2–3 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="hypophysis variability;hypophysis variability">hypophysis differentiated or not;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="operculum shape;operculum shape;operculum shape">operculum weakly convex, short-conic, not rostrate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="">peristome double;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="exostome coloration;exostome coloration;tooth size;tooth shape">exostome pale-yellow or tan, teeth slender lanceolate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="endostome arrangement;endostome height;basal membrane fusion;basal membrane presence;basal membrane presence;basal membrane position;segment presence;segment architecture;cilium architecture;cilium presence">endostome separate from exostome or sometimes adherent or absent, basal membrane low to high, segments present, perforate, cilia appendiculate or sometimes absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="spore atypical some measurement;spore some measurement;spore relief;spore coloration;spore coloration;tetrad arrangement"><b>Spores </b>shed singly, not as tetrads, 8–15 (–18) µm, finely papillose, pale tan or yellow-tan.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Nearly worldwide;temperate to arctic-alpine regions;mountains of subtropical or tropical regions
|discussion=<p>Species 40 (7 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Bryum in the strict sense is a genus of small julaceous plants, morphologically similar to Anomobryum. Molecular studies, however, consistently show that the types of the two genera, A. julaceum and B. argenteum, are not closely related. Anomobryum can generally be distinguished from Bryum by its vermicular distal laminal cells and elongate stringlike stems. Bryum species tend to have shorter laminal cells and relatively short, thick, rounded stems. Bryum consists of both silver-white species with hyaline leaf tips, and green to yellow-green species. Many collections of small sterile shoots are difficult to identify. There are at least three undescribed species in the flora area, two of which are discussed under related species. The third is highly distinctive and has been collected recently from southeastern Arizona. Bryum in the broad sense has a reputation for being taxonomically difficult; the genus is highly polyphyletic, and traditionally, many species have been distinguished by minor differences in peristome features. Previous classifications have overemphasized the peristome, placing taxa with strikingly different gametophytes in the same genus. The gametophytes of Bryum vary widely morphologically; this has been used as a basis to reclassify the genus and its relatives (J. R. Spence 2005; Spence and H. P. Ramsay 2005).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Plants silver-green or white; leaves hyaline distally, including apiculus or awn; distal laminal cells elongate-hexagonal (short-hexagonal in B. argenteum var. muticum), less than 16 µm wide
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Plants yellow-green, golden, olive green, or bright green; leaves not hyaline distally, or apiculus if present sometimes hyaline; distal laminal cells elongate-vermicular to short-rhomboidal, occasionally hexagonal, 6-25 µm wide
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Plants white-green to silver-green; stems strongly rounded julaceous or sometimes gemmiform; costae not reaching apex, apiculus present or sometimes absent, irregularly incurved when dry; specialized asexual reproduction by leaf axil bulbils.
|[[Bryum argenteum|Bryum argenteum]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Plants hoary white; stems evenly foliate, weakly julaceous; costae long-excurrent, awns slender, recurved when dry; specialized asexual reproduction absent.
|[[Bryum lanatum|Bryum lanatum]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Distal laminal cells of innovation leaves linear-vermicular to elongate-hexagonal, 6-10 (-12) µm wide; specialized asexual reproduction by leaf axil bulbils; leaf bases red.
|[[Bryum blindii|Bryum blindii]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Distal laminal cells of innovation leaves not vermicular (except B. chryseum), usually 8-12 µm wide or more; specialized asexual reproduction absent; leaf bases red, green, or yellow-green
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Plants golden yellow to yellow-green, rarely pale green; leaves triangular to ovate; costae long-excurrent, awns slender.
|[[Bryum chryseum|Bryum chryseum]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Plants yellow-green, olive green, or bright green; leaves ovate to suborbicular; costae not reaching apex or rarely percurrent, apiculus absent or short
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Plants green to yellow-green; distal laminal cells of fertile stem leaves elongate- hexagonal, 4-5(-6):1; leaf bases red.
|[[Bryum oblongum|Bryum oblongum]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Plants olive green to bright green; distal laminal cells of fertile stem leaves irregularly rhomboidal to hexagonal, 1-4:1; leaf bases green
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Leaf apices broadly rounded to acute, cucullate; costal apiculus often present, of more than 2 cells; distal laminal cells irregularly rhomboidal, 12-25 µm wide; proximal cells predominantly quadrate.
|[[Bryum calobryoides|Bryum calobryoides]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Leaf apices acute, not cucullate; costal apiculus absent or of 1 or 2 cells; distal laminal cells hexagonal, 10-16 µm wide; proximal cells short- rectangular.
|[[Bryum veronense|Bryum veronense]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Bryum
|author=John R. Spence
|authority=Hedwig
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Bryaceae
|distribution=Nearly worldwide;temperate to arctic-alpine regions;mountains of subtropical or tropical regions
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Musc. Frond.,;plates
|publication year=;1801
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V28/V28_191.xml
|genus=Bryum
|apex shape=broadly rounded;acute or rarely acuminate
|apiculu presence=absent
|basal membrane fusion=adherent
|basal membrane position=low
|basal membrane presence=absent;absent
|base shape=not decurrent
|capsule atypical some measurement=1mm;2mm
|capsule orientation=inclined;pendent
|capsule shape=clavate;pyriform
|capsule some measurement=2mm;3mm
|cell height or length or size=shorter
|cell variability=differentiated
|cilium architecture=appendiculate
|cilium presence=absent
|costa architecture=excurrent
|costa architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|costa coloration=hyaline
|endostome arrangement=separate
|endostome height=high
|exostome coloration=tan;pale-yellow
|guide cell presence=absent
|hypophysis variability=not;differentiated
|laminal areolation variability=heterogeneous
|leaf atypical some measurement=1mm;1.5mm
|leaf orientation=erect;erect-spreading
|leaf reproduction=vegetative
|leaf shape=concave;ovatelanceolate;ovate
|leaf size=larger;larger;vegetative
|leaf some measurement=0.2mm;1mm
|leaf variability=differentiated
|leaf-axil bulbil presence=absent
|leaf-axil bulbil reproduction=asexual
|limbidium presence=absent
|margin architecture=1-stratose
|margin architecture or shape=entire
|margin orientation=recurved
|margin shape=plane;plane
|mat density=dense
|medial and distal cell atypical quantity=6;8
|medial and distal cell quantity=1;3;6
|medial and distal cell shape=rarely;short-rhomboidal;elongate-hexagonal
|operculum shape=not rostrate;short-conic;convex
|perichaetium position or structure subtype=terminal
|perigonium position or structure subtype=terminal
|proximal laminal cell atypical quantity=2;3
|proximal laminal cell quantity=1;1;2
|proximal laminal cell shape=short-rectangular;quadrate
|rhizoid presence=absent;absent
|rhizoid quantity=many;few
|rosette size=larger;larger
|rosette variability=differentiated
|segment architecture=perforate
|segment presence=absent
|seta architecture=twisted
|seta quantity=single
|spore atypical some measurement=15um;18um
|spore coloration=yellow-tan;pale tan
|spore relief=papillose
|spore some measurement=8um;15um
|stem architecture=branched
|stem atypical some measurement=1cm;2cm
|stem shape=short-gemmiform;julaceous;rounded
|stem some measurement=0.2cm;1cm
|stem-leaf arrangement=imbricate
|stem-leaf reproduction=fertile
|tetrad arrangement=singly
|tooth shape=lanceolate
|tooth size=slender
|wall development=specialized
|wall relief=not pitted
|wall reproduction=dioicous;sexual
|wall size=incrassate
|wall width=thin
|whole_organism coloration=yellowbrown;brown;yellowbrown;brown;yellow-green;golden;pale green;olive;silver-green;white
|whole_organism growth form=cushion;plant;in dense mats;gregarious
|whole_organism size=small
}}<!--

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