View source for Calendula

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Calendula
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 921. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 393. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Pot marigold
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Calenduleae;Calendula
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Calenduleae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Calendula]]</div></div>
|etymology=Latin calends, first day of the month, and -ula, tendency; perhaps meaning “through the months” and alluding to ± year-round flowering
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 30, 379
|treatment_page=page 381
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole-organism duration;whole-organism atypical some measurement;whole-organism some measurement;whole-organism duration"><b>Annuals,</b> perennials [subshrubs], 5–50 (–70+) cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem growth form;stem orientation;stem pubescence;stem pubescence;stem pubescence"><b>Stems </b>procumbent to erect, glabrous or arachnose and/or stipitate-glandular.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf architecture;leaf architecture"><b>Leaves </b>sessile or petiolate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;margin shape;margin shape;face pubescence;face pubescence">blades elliptic, obovate, or oblong to oblanceolate, spatulate, or linear (bases sometimes clasping), margins entire or denticulate, faces sparsely arachnose and/or stipitate-glandular.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="head arrangement"><b>Heads </b>borne singly.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="involucre shape;involucre width;involucre diameter"><b>Involucres </b>campanulate to hemispheric or broader, 10–30+ mm diam.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="phyllary quantity;phyllary shape;series quantity"><b>Phyllaries </b>13–40+ in 2+ series, lanceolate to lance-linear.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="receptacle prominence or shape"><b>Receptacles </b>flat.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="ray-floret atypical quantity;ray-floret quantity;series quantity"><b>Ray-</b>florets 13–50 (–100+) in 1–3+ series;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="corolla coloration;lamina shape">corollas yellow to orange, laminae linear to oblanceolate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="disc-floret atypical quantity;disc-floret quantity;disc-floret architecture"><b>Disc-</b>florets 20–60 (–150+), functionally staminate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;tube height or length or size;throat shape">corollas yellow, reddish, or purplish, tubes shorter than ± campanulate throats.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="cypsela course or shape;cypsela architecture"><b>Cypselae </b>arcuate to ± coiled (usually some beaked, some 2–3-winged, some both beaked and winged), abaxial faces usually tuberculate and/or transversely ridged.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="abaxial face relief;abaxial face shape;x chromosome quantity">x = 11.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Macaronesia;Mediterranean Europe;Near East;North Africa;widely cultivated;sometimes escaping and/or persisting
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species 15 or fewer (2 in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=heyn1974a
|text=Heyn, C. C., O. Dagan, and B. Nachman. 1974. The annual Calendula species: Taxonomy and relationships. Israel J. Bot. 23: 169–201.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Phyllaries 13–21+, 6–10+ mm; ray florets 13–18+, corolla laminae 5–8(–12+) mm
|[[Calendula arvensis|Calendula arvensis]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Phyllaries 12–40+, (8–)10–12+ mm; ray florets 30–50(–100+), corolla laminae 12–20+ mm.
|[[Calendula officinalis|Calendula officinalis]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Calendula
|author=John L. Strother
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|distribution=Macaronesia;Mediterranean Europe;Near East;North Africa;widely cultivated;sometimes escaping and/or persisting
|introduced=true
|reference=heyn1974a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V19_618.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Calenduleae
|genus=Calendula
|abaxial face relief=tuberculate
|abaxial face shape=ridged
|blade shape=oblong;oblanceolate spatulate or linear
|corolla coloration=purplish;reddish;purplish;reddish;yellow;yellow;orange
|cypsela architecture=coiled
|cypsela course or shape=arcuate
|disc-floret architecture=staminate
|disc-floret atypical quantity=60;150
|disc-floret quantity=20;60
|face pubescence=stipitate-glandular;arachnose
|head arrangement=singly
|involucre diameter=10mm;30mm
|involucre shape=campanulate;hemispheric
|involucre width=broader
|lamina shape=linear;oblanceolate
|leaf architecture=petiolate;sessile
|margin shape=denticulate;entire
|phyllary quantity=13;40
|phyllary shape=lanceolate;lance-linear
|ray-floret atypical quantity=50;100
|ray-floret quantity=13;50
|receptacle prominence or shape=flat
|series quantity=1;3
|stem growth form=procumbent
|stem orientation=erect
|stem pubescence=stipitate-glandular;arachnose;glabrous
|throat shape=campanulate
|tube height or length or size=shorter
|whole-organism atypical some measurement=50cm;70cm
|whole-organism duration=perennial;annual
|whole-organism some measurement=5cm;50cm
|x chromosome quantity=11
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae tribe Calenduleae]]