View source for Camelina

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Camelina
|accepted_authority=Crantz
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Stirp. Austr. Fasc.
|place=1: 17. 1762
|year=1762
}}
|common_names=Flaxweed;false-flax;gold-of-pleasure
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Brassicaceae;Brassicaceae tribe Camelineae;Camelina
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Brassicaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Brassicaceae tribe Camelineae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Camelina]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek chamai, dwarf or on the ground, and linon, flax, alluding to suppressing influence on growth of flax
|volume=Volume 7
|mention_page=page 236, 240
|treatment_page=page 451
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties=""><b>Annuals </b>or biennials;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="">not scapose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="whole-organism architecture;whole-organism pubescence;whole-organism pubescence;whole-organism pubescence;whole-organism pubescence;whole-organism pubescence;whole-organism duration;whole-organism architecture;whole-organism pubescence;whole-organism duration;trichome architecture;trichome architecture;one shape;one architecture">pubescent, glabrescent, or glabrous, trichomes simple or short-stalked, with forked to substellate or subdendritic (smaller) ones.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="stem orientation;stem architecture;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>erect, unbranched basally, branched distally, (basally hirsute with simple trichomes or sparsely pubescent with branched ones).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>basal and cauline;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="leaf position;leaf position;leaf architecture;leaf architecture">petiolate or subsessile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="basal leaf arrangement;basal leaf arrangement;basal leaf architecture;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape">basal (often withered by flowering), rosulate or not, petiolate, blade margins entire or toothed or, rarely, lobed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="margin architecture or shape;margin shape;margin shape">cauline blade (base auriculate or sagittate), margins entire, dentate to lobed, or denticulate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties=""><b>Racemes </b>(corymbose, several-flowered), considerably elongated in fruit, (rachis straight, rarely strongly flexuous).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="raceme length;raceme orientation;raceme arrangement;raceme size"><b>Fruiting </b>pedicels ascending to divaricate, slender.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="sepal orientation;sepal shape;sepal shape"><b>Flowers:</b> sepals erect to ascending, oblong or ovate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="petal coloration;petal coloration;petal shape;claw variability;blade variability">petals usually yellow, rarely white, oblanceolate [spatulate], (longer than sepals), claw and blade somewhat differentiated, (apex obtuse);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="pair quantity">stamens in 3 pairs of unequal length;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="filament shape">filaments not dilated basally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="anther shape;anther shape">anthers ovate or oblong, (apex obtuse);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="nectar gland atypical quantity;nectar gland position;nectar gland quantity">nectar glands (4), lateral, 1 on each side of lateral stamen.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="silique dehiscence;silique architecture;silique shape;silique shape;silique shape;silique shape;silique shape;silique shape;silique shape;silique architecture"><b>Fruits </b>silicles or, rarely, siliques, dehiscent, shortly stipitate, pyriform, obovoid, or depressed-globose [linear], keeled or not, slightly latiseptate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="valve pubescence;midvein prominence;midvein prominence">valves each with prominent or obscure midvein, (leathery, smooth, margins of each flattened and connate, apex abruptly caudate and extending 1–2.5 mm onto, and appearing as part of, style), pubescent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="replum prominence;margin fusion">replum concealed by connate margins of valves;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="septum architecture">septum complete;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="ovule quantity">ovules 8–25 per ovary;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="stigma architecture or shape">stigma capitate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="seed arrangement;seed arrangement;seed architecture or arrangement;seed size;seed shape;seed architecture;seed architecture;seed shape"><b>Seeds </b>biseriate or, rarely, uniseriate, plump or slightly flattened, not winged or narrowly margined, oblong;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="seed-coat coating">seed-coat (minutely reticulate), copiously mucilaginous when wetted;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s24" data-properties="">cotyledons incumbent or, rarely, accumbent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s25" data-properties="cotyledon arrangement or orientation;cotyledon arrangement or orientation;cotyledon arrangement;x chromosome quantity;x chromosome quantity;x chromosome quantity;x chromosome quantity">x = 6, 7, 10, 13.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Europe;Asia;n Africa;also in South America;Australia
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species 8 (4 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Some authors have studied allelopathic and other effects of Camelina on the growth and production of flax, and the interested reader should consult I. A. Al-Shehbaz (1987) for leads. Some species, especially C. sativa, were cultivated for their fibers and seed oil by the Romans as early as 600 b.c., and remain in cultivation in some parts of eastern Europe and Russia.</p><!--
--><p>Camelina alyssum and C. sativa may no longer be established in the United States.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=mcgregor1985a
|text=McGregor, R. L. 1985. Current status of the genus Camelina (Brassicaceae) in the prairies and plants of central North America. Contr. Univ. Kansas Herb. 15: 1–13.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=tedin1925a
|text=Tedin, O. 1925. Vererbung, Variation und Systematik der Gattung Camelina. Hereditas (Lund) 6: 275–386.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Fruits 3.5-7 mm, valves obscurely veined; seeds 0.8-1.5 mm; stems basally with simple trichomes (to 2.5-3.5 mm), these often mixed with branched ones
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Fruits 7-13 mm, valves prominently veined; seeds (1.5-)1.8-3 mm; stems basally glabrous or trichomes almost exclusively minute and branched, rarely trichomes simple
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Petals pale yellow, (2.5-)3-4(-6) mm; basal leaves withered by anthesis.
|[[Camelina microcarpa|Camelina microcarpa]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Petals white or creamy white, (5-)6-8(-9) mm; basal leaves persistent after anthesis.
|[[Camelina rumelica|Camelina rumelica]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Fruits pyriform to broadly obovoid, 4-5(-6) mm wide, distinctly longer than wide; cauline leaf blade margins entire or denticulate.
|[[Camelina sativa|Camelina sativa]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Fruits depressed globose, (5.5-)6.5-8(-9) mm wide, nearly as long as wide or slightly longer; cauline leaf blade margins coarsely dentate to lobed.
|[[Camelina alyssum|Camelina alyssum]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Camelina
|author=Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz;Mark A. Beilstein
|authority=Crantz
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Brassicaceae
|distribution=Europe;Asia;n Africa;also in South America;Australia
|introduced=true
|reference=mcgregor1985a;tedin1925a
|publication title=Stirp. Austr. Fasc.
|publication year=1762
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V7/V7_686.xml
|tribe=Brassicaceae tribe Camelineae
|genus=Camelina
|anther shape=oblong;ovate
|basal leaf architecture=petiolate
|basal leaf arrangement=not;rosulate
|blade margin shape=lobed;,;toothed;entire
|blade variability=differentiated
|claw variability=differentiated
|cotyledon arrangement=accumbent
|cotyledon arrangement or orientation=,;incumbent
|filament shape=dilated
|leaf architecture=subsessile;petiolate
|leaf position=cauline;basal
|margin architecture or shape=entire
|margin fusion=connate
|margin shape=dentate;lobed or denticulate
|midvein prominence=obscure;prominent
|nectar gland atypical quantity=4
|nectar gland position=lateral
|nectar gland quantity=1
|one architecture=subdendritic
|one shape=forked;substellate
|ovule quantity=8;25
|pair quantity=3
|petal coloration=white;yellow
|petal shape=oblanceolate
|raceme arrangement=divaricate
|raceme length=elongated
|raceme orientation=ascending
|raceme size=slender
|replum prominence=concealed
|seed architecture=margined;not winged
|seed architecture or arrangement=uniseriate
|seed arrangement=,;biseriate
|seed shape=oblong;flattened
|seed size=plump
|seed-coat coating=mucilaginous
|sepal orientation=erect;ascending
|sepal shape=ovate;oblong
|septum architecture=complete
|silique architecture=latiseptate;stipitate
|silique dehiscence=dehiscent
|silique shape=not;keeled;depressed-globose;obovoid;depressed-globose;obovoid;pyriform
|stem architecture=branched;unbranched
|stem orientation=erect
|stigma architecture or shape=capitate
|trichome architecture=short-stalked;simple
|valve pubescence=pubescent
|whole-organism architecture=not scapose;not scapose
|whole-organism duration=biennial;annual
|whole-organism pubescence=pubescent;glabrous;glabrescent;glabrous;glabrescent;pubescent
|x chromosome quantity=13;10;7;6
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Brassicaceae tribe Camelineae]]