View source for Cannabaceae

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Cannabaceae
|accepted_authority=Endlicher
|publications=
|common_names=Hemp Family
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Cannabaceae
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cannabaceae]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 3
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 381
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism orientation;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism odor;whole_organism pubescence;whole_organism growth form;gland size"><b>Herbs,</b> annual or perennial, taprooted or rhizomatous, erect or twining, aromatic, pubescent with small glands and hairs, hairs with or without cystoliths (structures within cells with basal calcium carbonate concretions or crystals).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem architecture;stem shape;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>usually branched, usually ridged or furrowed.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf arrangement;leaf arrangement;leaf architecture;leaf shape;leaf architecture;leaf architecture"><b>Leaves </b>decussate proximally, often alternate distally, simple to palmately lobed or compound, petiolate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="stipule duration;stipule shape">stipules persistent, triangular.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="margin architecture or shape"><b>Leaf-</b>blade: margins serrate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="inflorescence position;inflorescence position;inflorescence architecture"><b>Inflorescences </b>axillary or terminal, bracteate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture or fragility;inflorescence orientation;inflorescence orientation;cyme architecture;cyme architecture;cyme architecture or fragility;cyme orientation;cyme orientation;panicle architecture;panicle architecture;panicle architecture or fragility;panicle orientation;panicle orientation">staminate inflorescences compound cymes or panicles, loose, erect or somewhat pendent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="inflorescence architecture;spike architecture;pseudospike architecture;raceme architecture">pistillate inflorescences spikes, pseudospikes, or racemes.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="flower reproduction;flower architecture;flower architecture;flower architecture;flower architecture;flower reproduction"><b>Flowers </b>unisexual, staminate and pistillate usually on different plants, when on same plants (in some populations and cultivars), then staminate flowers produced before pistillate flowers, transitional-bisexual flowers sometimes occurring.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="flower architecture;flower quantity;flower architecture"><b>Staminate </b>flowers 20-200+, pedicellate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="sepal quantity;sepal position;sepal coloration;sepal coloration">sepals 5, hypogynous, greenish or whitish;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="stamen quantity;stamen position;sepal arrangement">stamens 5, hypogynous, opposite sepals;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="anther dehiscence">anthers dehiscing longitudinally and basipetally.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="flower architecture;flower quantity;flower arrangement;flower architecture;flower position relational;flower position relational"><b>Pistillate </b>flowers 10-50, often paired, pairs often interpreted as cymes, subsessile, tightly covered or loosely subtended by bract or bracteole;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="layer width;layer architecture or shape;layer prominence">perianth a thin undivided layer adhering to ovary, obscure;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="pistil quantity;pistil architecture">pistil 1, usually 2-carpellate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="ovary position;ovary architecture or structure in adjective form">ovary superior, 1-locular;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="ovule quantity">ovule 1 per locule;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="style height or length or size;style position">style short, apical;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="stigma architecture;stigma length or size;stigma shape">stigma 2-branched, long, filiform.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="fruits achene texture;fruits achene position relational;perianth duration;perianth size"><b>Fruits </b>achenes, crustaceous, covered loosely or tightly by persistent, accrescent perianth.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="seed texture"><b>Seeds </b>fleshy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="">endosperm little;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="embryo course;embryo architecture">embryo curved or coiled.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Nearly worldwide
|discussion=<p>Genera 2, species 4 (2 genera, 3 species in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Genera in Cannabaceae have sometimes been included in Moraceae (H. A. Gleason 1968); M. L. Fernald (1950) placed them in a separate family, Cannabinaceae.</p><!--
--><p>Cannabaceae are wind pollinated. They are indigenous to the temperate Northern Hemisphere, widely cultivated, often introduced, and often ruderal.</p><!--
--><p>Cystoliths, including those of Cannabis sativa, are frequently used in police laboratories to make positive identification of leaf fragments.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Herbs erect; leaves palmately compound; petioles without 2-branched hairs
|[[Cannabis|Cannabis]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Herbs rightward-twining; leaves simple, usually palmately lobed, sometimes unlobed; petioles with 2-branched hairs.
|[[Humulus|Humulus]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Cannabaceae
|author=Ernest Small
|authority=Endlicher
|rank=family
|parent rank=
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Cannabaceae
|illustrator=John Myers
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=Nearly worldwide
|reference=None
|publication title=
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V3/V3_632.xml
|anther dehiscence=dehiscing
|cyme architecture=compound;staminate
|cyme architecture or fragility=loose
|cyme orientation=pendent;erect
|embryo architecture=coiled
|embryo course=curved
|flower architecture=subsessile;pistillate;pedicellate;staminate;pistillate;staminate;pistillate;staminate
|flower arrangement=paired
|flower position relational=loosely;covered
|flower quantity=10;50
|flower reproduction=transitional-bisexual;unisexual
|fruits achene position relational=covered
|fruits achene texture=crustaceous
|gland size=small
|inflorescence architecture=pistillate;staminate;bracteate
|inflorescence architecture or fragility=loose
|inflorescence orientation=pendent;erect
|inflorescence position=terminal;axillary
|layer architecture or shape=undivided
|layer prominence=obscure
|layer width=thin
|leaf architecture=petiolate;compound;simple
|leaf arrangement=alternate;decussate
|leaf shape=lobed
|margin architecture or shape=serrate
|ovary architecture or structure in adjective form=1-locular
|ovary position=superior
|ovule quantity=1
|panicle architecture=compound;staminate
|panicle architecture or fragility=loose
|panicle orientation=pendent;erect
|perianth duration=persistent
|perianth size=accrescent
|pistil architecture=2-carpellate
|pistil quantity=1
|pseudospike architecture=pistillate
|raceme architecture=pistillate
|seed texture=fleshy
|sepal arrangement=opposite
|sepal coloration=whitish;greenish
|sepal position=hypogynous
|sepal quantity=5
|spike architecture=pistillate
|stamen position=hypogynous
|stamen quantity=5
|stem architecture=furrowed;branched
|stem shape=ridged
|stigma architecture=2-branched
|stigma length or size=long
|stigma shape=filiform
|stipule duration=persistent
|stipule shape=triangular
|style height or length or size=short
|style position=apical
|whole_organism architecture=rhizomatous;taprooted
|whole_organism duration=perennial;annual
|whole_organism growth form=herb;twining
|whole_organism odor=aromatic
|whole_organism orientation=erect
|whole_organism pubescence=pubescent
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]]