View source for Caperonia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Caperonia
|accepted_authority=A. St.-Hilaire
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Hist. Pl. Remarq. Brésil
|place=3/4: 244. 1825
|year=1825
}}
|common_names=False croton
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Euphorbiaceae;Caperonia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Euphorbiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Caperonia]]</div></div>
|etymology=For Natalis (Noël) Caperon or Capperon, d. 1572, apothecary of Orleans
|volume=Volume 12
|mention_page=page 157, 159
|treatment_page=page 179
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism reproduction;whole_organism growth form"><b>Herbs </b>[subshrubs], annual [perennial], monoecious [rarely dioecious];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="hair architecture;hair architecture or function or pubescence">hairs unbranched, sometimes glandular;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="latex presence">latex absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf arrangement;leaf architecture"><b>Leaves </b>alternate, simple;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="stipule presence;stipule duration">stipules present, persistent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="petiole presence;gland presence">petiole present, glands absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="blade shape;margin architecture or shape">blade unlobed, margins serrate, laminar glands absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="laminar gland presence;laminar gland architecture;laminar gland architecture;base architecture or shape;secondary-vein course;secondary-vein arrangement;secondary-vein arrangement">venation pinnate or weakly palmate at base, pinnate distally, secondary-veins straight, closely spaced, and parallel [arched, moderately spaced].</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="inflorescence reproduction;inflorescence position"><b>Inflorescences </b>bisexual (pistillate flowers proximal, staminate distal) [unisexual], axillary, spikes or racemes;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="gland position;bract presence">glands subtending each bract 0.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="pedicel presence;pedicel presence"><b>Pedicels </b>present or absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="flower architecture;sepal quantity;sepal arrangement or dehiscence;sepal fusion"><b>Staminate </b>flowers: sepals 5, valvate, connate basally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="flower architecture;petal quantity;petal fusion;petal fusion;base coloration">petals 5, distinct, adnate to base of staminal column, white;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="flower architecture;nectary presence">nectary absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="flower architecture;stamen quantity;stamen fusion;whorl quantity">stamens 10, in 2 whorls, connate basally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="flower architecture;pistillode presence">pistillode present, at top of staminal column.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="flower architecture;sepal duration;sepal size;sepal fusion;sepal size;fruit atypical quantity;fruit quantity;outer lobe size;outer lobe presence;outer lobe arrangement"><b>Pistillate </b>flowers: sepals persistent, often enlarging in fruit, 5–8 (–10), connate basally, unequal, small outer lobes often present alternating with larger lobes;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="flower architecture;petal atypical quantity;petal quantity;petal fusion;petal coloration">petals 5 (–6) [often rudimentary], distinct, white;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="flower architecture;nectary presence">nectary absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="flower architecture;pistil architecture">pistil 3-carpellate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="flower architecture;style quantity;style fusion;style architecture or shape;branch atypical quantity;branch quantity">styles 3, connate basally [distinct], deeply multifid, branches [9–] 12–21 per flower.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="fruits capsule relief"><b>Fruits </b>capsules, densely muricate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="seed shape"><b>Seeds </b>subglobose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="">caruncle absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s24" data-properties="caruncle presence;x chromosome quantity">x = 11.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;Africa;also in Pacific Islands (Guam)
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species 34 (2 in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Plants without glandular hairs.
|[[Caperonia castaneifolia|Caperonia castaneifolia]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Plants with coarse gland-tipped hairs (especially abundant on stems and petioles).
|[[Caperonia palustris|Caperonia palustris]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Caperonia
|author=Lynn J. Gillespie
|authority=A. St.-Hilaire
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Euphorbiaceae
|distribution=Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;Africa;also in Pacific Islands (Guam)
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Hist. Pl. Remarq. Brésil
|publication year=1825
|special status=Introduced
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V12/V12_506.xml
|genus=Caperonia
|base architecture or shape=pinnate
|base coloration=white
|blade shape=unlobed
|bract presence=absent
|branch atypical quantity=9;12
|branch quantity=12;21
|caruncle presence=absent
|flower architecture=pistillate;pistillate;pistillate;pistillate;pistillate;staminate;staminate;staminate;staminate;staminate
|fruit atypical quantity=8;10
|fruit quantity=5;8
|fruits capsule relief=muricate
|gland position=subtending
|gland presence=absent
|hair architecture=unbranched
|hair architecture or function or pubescence=glandular
|inflorescence position=axillary
|inflorescence reproduction=bisexual
|laminar gland architecture=palmate;pinnate
|laminar gland presence=absent
|latex presence=absent
|leaf architecture=simple
|leaf arrangement=alternate
|margin architecture or shape=serrate
|nectary presence=absent;absent
|outer lobe arrangement=alternating
|outer lobe presence=absent
|outer lobe size=small
|pedicel presence=absent;absent
|petal atypical quantity=5;6
|petal coloration=white
|petal fusion=distinct;adnate;distinct
|petal quantity=5;5
|petiole presence=absent
|pistil architecture=3-carpellate
|pistillode presence=absent
|secondary-vein arrangement=parallel;spaced
|secondary-vein course=straight
|seed shape=subglobose
|sepal arrangement or dehiscence=valvate
|sepal duration=persistent
|sepal fusion=connate;connate
|sepal quantity=5
|sepal size=unequal;enlarging
|stamen fusion=connate
|stamen quantity=10
|stipule duration=persistent
|stipule presence=absent
|style architecture or shape=multifid
|style fusion=connate
|style quantity=3
|whole_organism duration=annual
|whole_organism growth form=herb
|whole_organism reproduction=monoecious
|whorl quantity=2
|x chromosome quantity=11
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Euphorbiaceae]]