View source for Cirsium longistylum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Cirsium longistylum
|accepted_authority=R. J. Moore & Frankton
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Canad. J. Bot.
|place=41: 1562, plate 1. 1963
|year=1963
}}
|common_names=Long-style thistle
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=C
|label=Conservation concern
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Cardueae;Cirsium;Cirsium longistylum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Cardueae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Cirsium]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Cirsium longistylum]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 104
|treatment_page=page 149
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties=""><b>Perennials </b>monocarpic, 40–150 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="whole-organism reproduction;whole-organism some measurement;whole-organism architecture;whole-organism duration">taprooted.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem quantity;stem orientation;stem quantity;stem orientation;stem architecture;stem architecture;stem pubescence;trichome architecture"><b>Stems </b>usually 1, erect, less commonly several, ascending, simple to sparingly short-branched in distal 1/2, less commonly openly branched, villous with jointed trichomes;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="branch height or length or size;branch orientation;distal stem quantity">branches on distal stems 0–many, short, ascending.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="blade shape;blade length;blade width;margin shape;margin shape;lobe shape;lobe architecture or shape;lobe shape;lobe shape;main spine some measurement;abaxial face coloration;abaxial face pubescence;abaxial face coloration;abaxial face pubescence;abaxial face pubescence;abaxial face pubescence;abaxial face pubescence;trichome pubescence;trichome pubescence;vein size;trichome architecture;adaxial face coloration;adaxial face pubescence;adaxial face pubescence;trichome architecture"><b>Leaves:</b> blades linear to oblong or elliptic, 10–30+ × 1–10 cm, margins flat to undulate, subentire to coarsely dentate or shallowly to deeply pinnatifid, lobes lance-oblong to broadly triangular, spinulose to spiny-dentate or shallowly lobed, main spines 3–12 mm, abaxial faces green and subglabrous to gray or white-tomentose with felted arachnoid trichomes, ± villous to tomentose along major veins with septate trichomes, rarely glabrous or glabrate, adaxial ± green, glabrous or villous with septate trichomes;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="basal leaf presence;basal leaf architecture;basal leaf architecture;basal leaf architecture">basal often present at flowering, spiny winged-petiolate or sessile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="principal cauline leaf arrangement;principal cauline leaf architecture;principal cauline leaf architecture;principal cauline leaf size;base architecture">principal cauline well distributed, proximally winged-petiolate, distally sessile, gradually reduced, bases sometimes short-decurrent (0–2 cm);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="distal leaf size;distal leaf width;base coloration">distal ± reduced, often narrower than the proximal, sometimes with non-pigmented bases.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="head quantity;head orientation;array architecture;array architecture;bract arrangement or growth form;bract architecture"><b>Heads </b>several–many, erect, usually in racemiform or spiciform arrays, usually closely subtended by clustered ± leafy bracts.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="peduncle some measurement"><b>Peduncles </b>0–15+ cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="involucre shape;involucre length;involucre width;involucre pubescence;trichome architecture"><b>Involucres </b>(green), broadly ovoid, 1.5–2.5 × 1.5–2.5 cm, loosely villous with septate trichomes, sparingly if at all arachnoid.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="phyllary size;phyllary shape;series quantity;base fixation or orientation;apex orientation;apex arrangement or course or shape;apex size;apex architecture or relief;apex shape;apex architecture;spine course;spine size;spine some measurement;ridge size or width;ridge coating"><b>Phyllaries </b>in 4–8 series, subequal, ± lanceolate, bases appressed, apices ascending, linear to broadly expanded, erose to lacerate or spiny-fringed, spines straight, slender, 2–3 mm, abaxial faces with or without narrow glutinous ridge;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="phyllary apex course;phyllary apex size;phyllary apex architecture or relief">apices of inner flexuous, sometimes expanded and erose.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla some measurement;tube some measurement;throat some measurement;lobe some measurement"><b>Corollas </b>white, ochroleucous, 19–23 mm, tubes 6.5–8.5 mm, throats 7.5–11 mm, lobes 4–5 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="style tip some measurement;style tip position">style tips 4–5.5 mm, conspicuously exserted.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="cypsela coloration;cypsela some measurement;apical collar variability"><b>Cypselae </b>brown, 5.5–6.5 mm, apical collars not differentiated;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="pappus some measurement;2n chromosome quantity">pappi 17–20 mm. <b>2n</b> = 34.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering summer (Jun–Aug).
|habitat=Moist soil, roadsides, meadows, forest edges and openings
|elevation=1500–2400 m
|distribution=Mont.
|discussion=<p>Of conservation concern.</p><!--
--><p>Cirsium longistylum is endemic to the Big Belt, Castle, Elkhorn, and Little Belt ranges of west-central Montana. It is highly variable, and several authors have suggested that it has introgressed with one or more other species (R. J. Moore and C. Frankton 1963; J. M. Poole and B. L. Heidel 1993; S. J. Brunsfeld and C. T. Baldwin, unpubl.). It is closely related to C. hookerianum, and the two probably share a common ancestry or a history of hybrid interactions dating back to the Pleistocene. Cirsium longistylum is perhaps also affected by modern or historic introgression involving C. scariosum var. scariosum.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Cirsium longistylum
|authority=R. J. Moore & Frankton
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|phenology=Flowering summer (Jun–Aug).
|habitat=Moist soil, roadsides, meadows, forest edges and openings
|elevation=1500–2400 m
|distribution=Mont.
|reference=None
|publication title=Canad. J. Bot.
|publication year=1963
|special status=Endemic;Conservation concern
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V19_138.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cardueae
|genus=Cirsium
|species=Cirsium longistylum
|2n chromosome quantity=34
|abaxial face coloration=gray;green
|abaxial face pubescence=glabrate;glabrous;less villous;tomentose
|adaxial face coloration=green
|adaxial face pubescence=villous;glabrous
|apex architecture=spiny-fringed
|apex architecture or relief=erose
|apex arrangement or course or shape=linear
|apex orientation=ascending
|apex shape=lacerate
|apex size=expanded
|apical collar variability=not differentiated
|array architecture=spiciform;racemiform
|basal leaf architecture=sessile;winged-petiolate;spiny
|basal leaf presence=absent
|base architecture=short-decurrent
|base coloration=non-pigmented
|base fixation or orientation=appressed
|blade length=10cm;30cm
|blade shape=linear;oblong or elliptic
|blade width=1cm;10cm
|bract architecture=leafy
|bract arrangement or growth form=clustered
|branch height or length or size=short
|branch orientation=ascending
|corolla coloration=ochroleucous;white
|corolla some measurement=19mm;23mm
|cypsela coloration=brown
|cypsela some measurement=5.5mm;6.5mm
|distal leaf size=reduced
|distal leaf width=often narrower
|distal stem quantity=0;many
|head orientation=erect
|head quantity=several;many
|involucre length=1.5cm;2.5cm
|involucre pubescence=villous
|involucre shape=ovoid
|involucre width=1.5cm;2.5cm
|lobe architecture or shape=spinulose
|lobe shape=lobed;spiny-dentate;lance-oblong;broadly triangular
|lobe some measurement=4mm;5mm
|main spine some measurement=3mm;12mm
|margin shape=flat;undulate subentire
|pappus some measurement=17mm;20mm
|peduncle some measurement=0cm;15cm
|phyllary apex architecture or relief=erose
|phyllary apex course=flexuous
|phyllary apex size=expanded
|phyllary shape=lanceolate
|phyllary size=subequal
|principal cauline leaf architecture=sessile;winged-petiolate
|principal cauline leaf arrangement=distributed
|principal cauline leaf size=reduced
|ridge coating=glutinous
|ridge size or width=narrow
|series quantity=4;8
|spine course=straight
|spine size=slender
|spine some measurement=2mm;3mm
|stem architecture=branched;simple;sparingly short-branched
|stem orientation=ascending;erect
|stem pubescence=villous
|stem quantity=several;1
|style tip position=exserted
|style tip some measurement=4mm;5.5mm
|throat some measurement=7.5mm;11mm
|trichome architecture=septate;septate;septate;jointed
|trichome pubescence=arachnoid;felted
|tube some measurement=6.5mm;8.5mm
|vein size=major
|whole-organism architecture=taprooted
|whole-organism duration=perennial
|whole-organism reproduction=monocarpic
|whole-organism some measurement=40cm;150cm
}}<!--

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