View source for Constancea

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Constancea
|accepted_authority=B. G. Baldwin
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Madroño
|place=46: 159. 2000
|year=2000
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae;Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Baeriinae;Constancea
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Baeriinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Constancea]]</div></div>
|etymology=For Lincoln Constance, 1909–2001, Californian botanist
|volume=Volume 21
|mention_page=page 336, 353, 363
|treatment_page=page 362
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism atypical some measurement;whole_organism some measurement;whole_organism growth form"><b>Subshrubs,</b> 50–150 (–200) cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem orientation;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>decumbent to ± erect, branched from bases or throughout (densely white-tomentose to glabrate).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>cauline;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="">alternate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf position;leaf arrangement;leaf architecture">petiolate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;ultimate margin architecture or shape;face pubescence">blades broadly ovate, 1–2-pinnately lobed (lobes oblong or oblanceolate to linear), ultimate margins entire (somewhat revolute, apices ± rounded), faces white-tomentose (adaxial often glabrescent).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="head architecture or arrangement;head atypical quantity;array architecture;array architecture"><b>Heads </b>radiate, (50–100+) in corymbiform or paniculiform arrays.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="involucre shape;involucre diameter"><b>Involucres </b>cylindric to campanulate, 3–5 mm diam.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="phyllary duration;phyllary quantity;series quantity"><b>Phyllaries </b>persistent, 8–16 in ± 2 series (± erect in fruit, distinct, oblong to linear, ± herbaceous, ± keeled).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="receptacle shape;receptacle relief;receptacle pubescence;receptacle architecture"><b>Receptacles </b>flat to convex, shallowly pitted, glabrous, epaleate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="ray-floret quantity;ray-floret architecture;ray-floret reproduction"><b>Ray-</b>florets 4–9, pistillate, fertile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="corolla coloration">corollas yellow.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="disc-floret quantity;disc-floret reproduction;disc-floret reproduction"><b>Disc-</b>florets 10–25+, bisexual, fertile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="corolla coloration;tube height or length or size;tube height or length or size;lobe quantity;lobe shape">corollas yellow, tubes shorter than campanulate or narrowly funnelform throats, lobes 5, deltate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="cypsela shape;cypsela relief;cypsela pubescence"><b>Cypselae </b>(blackish, dull) obpyramidal to clavate, ± scabrellous to glabrate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="scale quantity;scale size;scale fusion;scale shape">pappi persistent, of 2–6+ unequal (or 2 opposite, longer, and ± equal), basally connate, oblong to subulate scales (tips acute to erose).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="pappus duration;x chromosome quantity">x = 19.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Calif.
|discussion=<p>Species 1.</p><!--
--><p>Recognition of Constancea is based on morphologic, cytologic, and molecular evidence for polyphyly of Eriophyllum if E. nevinii is included. Constancea has characteristics found in other, closely related x = 19 “helenioid” genera that are unusual or absent in the clade represented by Eriophyllum, Pseudobahia, and Syntrichopappus, such as leaves with well-developed petioles, phyllaries in more than one series and more than the number of ray florets, and pappus scales unequal or a longer pair opposite and ± equal. The previously suggested close relationship between Constancea and another coastal subshrub, E. staechadifolium, is untenable.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Constancea
|author=Bruce G. Baldwin;John L. Strother
|authority=B. G. Baldwin
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subtribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|distribution=Calif.
|reference=None
|publication title=Madroño
|publication year=2000
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V21_912.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae
|subtribe=Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Baeriinae
|genus=Constancea
|array architecture=paniculiform;corymbiform
|blade shape=lobed;ovate
|corolla coloration=yellow;yellow
|cypsela pubescence=glabrate
|cypsela relief=scabrellous
|cypsela shape=obpyramidal;clavate
|disc-floret quantity=10;25
|disc-floret reproduction=fertile;bisexual
|face pubescence=white-tomentose
|head architecture or arrangement=radiate
|head atypical quantity=50;100
|involucre diameter=3mm;5mm
|involucre shape=cylindric;campanulate
|leaf architecture=petiolate
|leaf arrangement=alternate
|leaf position=cauline
|lobe quantity=5
|lobe shape=deltate
|pappus duration=persistent
|phyllary duration=persistent
|phyllary quantity=8;16
|ray-floret architecture=pistillate
|ray-floret quantity=4;9
|ray-floret reproduction=fertile
|receptacle architecture=epaleate
|receptacle pubescence=glabrous
|receptacle relief=pitted
|receptacle shape=flat;convex
|scale fusion=connate
|scale quantity=2;6
|scale shape=oblong;subulate
|scale size=unequal
|series quantity=2
|stem architecture=branched
|stem orientation=decumbent;more or less erect
|tube height or length or size=narrowly;shorter than campanulate
|ultimate margin architecture or shape=entire
|whole_organism atypical some measurement=150cm;200cm
|whole_organism growth form=subshrub
|whole_organism some measurement=50cm;150cm
|x chromosome quantity=19
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Baeriinae]]