View source for Ctenium ← Ctenium You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Ctenium |accepted_authority=Panz. |publications= |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Poaceae;Poaceae subfam. Chloridoideae;Poaceae tribe Cynodonteae;Ctenium |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Poaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Poaceae subfam. Chloridoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Poaceae tribe Cynodonteae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Ctenium]]</div></div> |volume=Volume 25 |mention_page= |treatment_page=page 232 }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>usually perennial, sometimes annual;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism growth form">cespitose or rhizomatous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="culm some measurement;culm architecture"><b>Culms </b>10-150 cm, simple.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf odor"><b>Leaves </b>often aromatic;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="ligule texture;ligule architecture or pubescence or shape">ligules membranous, sometimes ciliate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;upper blade size">blades flat or convolute, upper blades reduced.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;branch quantity;branch shape"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal, panicles of 1-3 strongly pectinate branches, usually exceeding the upper leaves;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="branch shape;branch quantity;branch arrangement;axis shape;row quantity;spikelet architecture or arrangement or growth form;spikelet architecture">branches usually falcate, if more than 1, digitately arranged, axes crescentic in cross-section, with 2 rows of solitary, subsessile spikelets.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="spikelet arrangement;spikelet shape;spikelet size;spikelet reproduction;floret quantity;floret development;floret reproduction;floret architecture;floret quantity;floret reproduction;floret reproduction"><b>Spikelets </b>strongly divergent, laterally compressed, with 2 well-developed sterile or staminate florets below the single bisexual floret, reduced sterile or staminate florets also present beyond the bisexual floret;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="floret architecture;floret presence">disarticulation above the glumes.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="glume size"><b>Glumes </b>unequal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="lower glume height or length or size;lower glume architecture;lower glume shape">lower glumes shorter than the upper glumes, 1-veined, keeled;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="upper glume architecture;upper glume architecture or shape">upper glumes 2-3-veined, awned dorsally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="lemma width;lemma architecture;lemma shape;lemma shape;lemma architecture or shape;awn position;awn fixation;awn position or structure subtype">lemmas thin, 3-veined, entire or bidentate, awned, awns dorsal, attached just below the lemma apices, or terminal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="lodicule quantity;lodicule pubescence">lodicules 2, glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="anther quantity;floret reproduction;floret quantity;floret architecture">anthers 3 in bisexual florets, 2 in staminate florets;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="style quantity">styles 2.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="caryopsis shape;x chromosome quantity"><b>Caryopses </b>ellipsoid, x = 9.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=Va.;N.J.;Ga.;La.;Ala.;N.C.;S.C.;Miss.;Fla. |discussion=<p>Ctenium is a genus of 17-20 species, native to tropical areas of Africa and the Americas, generally being found in savannah associations. The awned upper glumes and the presence of sterile or staminate florets both below and above the fertile floret set it apart from other genera. The aroma of the leaves is described as being like turpentine.</p><!-- --><p>The two native North American species are highly fire-adapted, flourishing in communities that regularly burn on a 1-5 year basis. In the fall, the panicle branches of both species form curves, loops, and corkscrews, which are attractive in floral arrangements.</p> |tables= |references= }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Plants without rhizomes, forming dense tufts; upper glumes with a row of prominent glands on each side of the midvein; awns of the upper glumes strongly diverging at maturity |[[Ctenium aromaticum|Ctenium aromaticum]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Plants with slender, scaly rhizomes; upper glumes without glands, or the glands inconspicuous; awns of the upper glumes straight to ascending |[[Ctenium floridanum|Ctenium floridanum]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Ctenium |author=Mary E. Barkworth; |authority=Panz. |rank=genus |parent rank=tribe |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Poaceae |distribution=Va.;N.J.;Ga.;La.;Ala.;N.C.;S.C.;Miss.;Fla. |reference=None |publication title= |publication year= |special status= |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V25/V25_836.xml |subfamily=Poaceae subfam. Chloridoideae |tribe=Poaceae tribe Cynodonteae |genus=Ctenium |anther quantity=3 |awn fixation=attached |awn position=dorsal |awn position or structure subtype=terminal |axis shape=crescentic |blade shape=convolute;flat |branch arrangement=arranged |branch quantity=1;3 |branch shape=falcate;pectinate |caryopsis shape=ellipsoid |culm architecture=simple |culm some measurement=10cm;150cm |floret architecture=staminate;staminate;staminate |floret development=well-developed |floret presence=absent |floret quantity=2;single;2 |floret reproduction=bisexual;bisexual;bisexual;sterile |glume size=unequal |inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal |leaf odor=aromatic |lemma architecture=3-veined |lemma architecture or shape=awned |lemma shape=bidentate;entire |lemma width=thin |ligule architecture or pubescence or shape=ciliate |ligule texture=membranous |lodicule pubescence=glabrous |lodicule quantity=2 |lower glume architecture=1-veined |lower glume height or length or size=shorter |lower glume shape=keeled |row quantity=2 |spikelet architecture=subsessile |spikelet architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary |spikelet arrangement=divergent |spikelet reproduction=sterile |spikelet shape=compressed |spikelet size=reduced |style quantity=2 |upper blade size=reduced |upper glume architecture=2-3-veined |upper glume architecture or shape=awned |whole_organism architecture=rhizomatous |whole_organism duration=annual;perennial |whole_organism growth form=plant;cespitose |x chromosome quantity=9 }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Poaceae tribe Cynodonteae]] Templates used on this page: Template:Poaceae (view source) Template:Treatment/AuthorLink (view source) Template:Treatment/Body (view source) Template:Treatment/Body/Maps (view source) Template:Treatment/ID (view source) Return to Ctenium.