View source for Cynara cardunculus subsp. cardunculus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Cynara cardunculus subsp. cardunculus
|accepted_authority=
|publications=
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=W
|label=Weedy
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus
|authority=(Linnaeus) Fiori
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Cynara scolymus
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Cardueae;Cynara;Cynara cardunculus;Cynara cardunculus subsp. cardunculus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Cardueae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Cynara]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Cynara cardunculus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subspecies</small>[[Cynara cardunculus subsp. cardunculus]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 89
|treatment_page=page 90
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="leaf architecture;leaf architecture;leaf architecture;spine some measurement;form condition"><b>Leaves </b>armed with spines 1–3 cm or unarmed or nearly so in some cultivated forms.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="middle phyllary shape;point some measurement;spine tip some measurement;spine tip shape;form condition;form shape;spine tip some measurement;margin prominence;margin coloration"><b>Middle </b>phyllaries acuminate at apex with point 22–38 mm and spine tip 6–9 mm, or in some cultivated forms broadly obtuse to truncate and mucronate with or without spine tip 1–2 mm, distal margins with or without indistinct yellowish margins.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="2n chromosome quantity">2n = 34.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering spring–summer (Apr–Jul).
|habitat=Disturbed areas in sea bluffs, grasslands, coastal scrub, open woodlands, roadsides
|elevation=0–500 m
|distribution=Calif.;e Mediterranean region
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>The artichoke, selected for reduced spines on both leaves and phyllaries, and for enlarged heads, sometimes escapes in disturbed habitats. These plants are usually propagated vegetatively for uniform crop characteristics. When grown from seed, however, reversions to the much spinier wild types occur spontaneously and may have given rise to some of the forms of artichoke thistles. Additionally, intermediates may arise through hybridization of cultivated and wild races.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Cynara cardunculus subsp. cardunculus
|authority=
|rank=subspecies
|parent rank=species
|synonyms=Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus;Cynara scolymus
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|phenology=Flowering spring–summer (Apr–Jul).
|habitat=Disturbed areas in sea bluffs, grasslands, coastal scrub, open woodlands, roadsides
|elevation=0–500 m
|distribution=Calif.;e Mediterranean region
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=
|publication year=
|special status=Weedy;Introduced
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V19_41.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cardueae
|genus=Cynara
|species=Cynara cardunculus
|subspecies=Cynara cardunculus subsp. cardunculus
|2n chromosome quantity=34
|form condition=cultivated;cultivated
|form shape=broadly obtuse;truncate
|leaf architecture=nearly;unarmed;armed
|margin coloration=yellowish
|margin prominence=indistinct
|middle phyllary shape=acuminate
|point some measurement=22mm;38mm
|spine some measurement=1cm;3cm
|spine tip shape=mucronate
|spine tip some measurement=1mm;2mm
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Cynara cardunculus]]