View source for Cystopteris laurentiana

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Cystopteris laurentiana
|accepted_authority=(Weatherby) Blasdell
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Mem. Torrey Bot. Club
|place=21(4): 51. 1963
|year=1963
}}
|common_names=Laurentian bladder fern;cystoptère laurentienne
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Cystopteris fragilis var. laurentiana
|authority=Weatherby
|rank=variety
|publication_title=Rhodora
|publication_place=28: 129. 1926
}}
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Dryopteridaceae;Cystopteris;Cystopteris laurentiana
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Dryopteridaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Cystopteris]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Cystopteris laurentiana]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 2
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="stem growth form or orientation;stem shape;internode height or length or size;internode some measurement;petiole base life cycle;hair presence"><b>Stems </b>creeping, not cordlike, internodes very short, less than 5 mm, heavily beset with old petiole bases, hairs absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="scale coloration;scale architecture;wall arrangement;wall coloration;lumina coloration">scales uniformly brown to ± clathrate, radial walls brown, luminae clear.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf architecture;leaf arrangement or growth form;leaf some measurement"><b>Leaves </b>monomorphic, clustered at stem apex, to 45 cm, nearly all bearing sori.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="petiole coloration;petiole coloration;petiole height or length or size;petiole architecture or pubescence"><b>Petiole </b>usually dark at base, grading to straw-colored distally, shorter than blade, sparsely scaly at base.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;blade width;apex shape"><b>Blade </b>ovate to narrowly ovate, 2-pinnate to 2-pinnate-pinnatifid, widest above base, apex short-attenuate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="hair architecture;hair architecture">rachis and costae usually sparsely invested with unicellular, gland-tipped hairs, occasionally with misshapen bulblets;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="hair quantity;hair architecture;hair architecture">axils of pinnae with occasional multicellular, gland-tipped hairs.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="pinna orientation;pinna course;margin architecture or shape"><b>Pinnae </b>typically perpendicular to rachis, not curving toward blade apex, margins serrate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="proximal pinna shape;proximal pinna architecture or shape;pinnule orientation;pinnule size;pinnule orientation;pinnule architecture;base shape">proximal pinnae pinnate-pinnatifid to pinnatifid, ± equilateral, basiscopic pinnules not enlarged, basal basiscopic pinnules sessile to short-stalked, base truncate to obtuse;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="distal pinna shape">distal pinnae ovate to oblong.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="vein orientation"><b>Veins </b>directed into teeth and notches.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="indusium shape;apex architecture or shape;hair architecture;hair architecture"><b>Indusia </b>cupshaped, apex truncate, typically sparsely invested with unicellular, gland-tipped hairs.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="spore architecture or shape;spore some measurement;2n chromosome quantity"><b>Spores </b>spiny, usually 49–60 µm. <b>2n</b> = 252.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Sporulating summer–fall.
|habitat=Cracks and ledges on cliffs, often on calcareous substrates
|elevation=0–1000 m
|distribution=N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Conn.;Ill.;Iowa;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Pa.;Vt.;Wis.
|discussion=<p>Cystopteris laurentiana is a sexual allohexaploid species with C. bulbifera as the diploid parent and C. fragilis as the tetraploid. Cystopteris laurentiana was previously thought to be common only in the Great Lakes region (R. F. Blasdell 1963); it is now known to occur frequently in the Driftless Area of the Midwest. Because C. laurentiana can be difficult to distinguish from C. fragilis, specimens with ovate leaves having unusually large spores and growing on moist cliffs should be checked carefully for occasional glandular hairs, the distinguishing feature of C. laurentiana. Sterile pentaploid hybrids between C. laurentiana and C. fragilis have been discovered where the two species are sympatric.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Cystopteris laurentiana
|authority=(Weatherby) Blasdell
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=Cystopteris fragilis var. laurentiana
|family=Dryopteridaceae
|phenology=Sporulating summer–fall.
|habitat=Cracks and ledges on cliffs, often on calcareous substrates
|elevation=0–1000 m
|distribution=N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Conn.;Ill.;Iowa;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Pa.;Vt.;Wis.
|reference=None
|publication title=Mem. Torrey Bot. Club
|publication year=1963
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V2/V2_397.xml
|genus=Cystopteris
|species=Cystopteris laurentiana
|2n chromosome quantity=252
|apex architecture or shape=truncate
|apex shape=short-attenuate
|base shape=truncate;obtuse
|blade shape=ovate;narrowly ovate 2-pinnate
|blade width=widest
|distal pinna shape=ovate;oblong
|hair architecture=gland-tipped;unicellular;gland-tipped;multicellular;gland-tipped;unicellular
|hair presence=absent
|hair quantity=occasional
|indusium shape=cup-shaped
|internode height or length or size=short
|internode some measurement=0mm;5mm
|leaf architecture=monomorphic
|leaf arrangement or growth form=clustered
|leaf some measurement=0cm;45cm
|lumina coloration=clear
|margin architecture or shape=serrate
|petiole architecture or pubescence=scaly
|petiole base life cycle=old
|petiole coloration=straw-colored;dark
|petiole height or length or size=shorter
|pinna course=not curving
|pinna orientation=perpendicular
|pinnule architecture=sessile;short-stalked
|pinnule orientation=basiscopic;basiscopic
|pinnule size=not enlarged
|proximal pinna architecture or shape=equilateral
|proximal pinna shape=pinnate-pinnatifid;pinnatifid
|scale architecture=clathrate
|scale coloration=brown
|spore architecture or shape=spiny
|spore some measurement=49um;60um
|stem growth form or orientation=creeping
|stem shape=not cordlike
|vein orientation=directed
|wall arrangement=radial
|wall coloration=brown
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Cystopteris]]