View source for Dichodontium pellucidum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Dichodontium pellucidum
|accepted_authority=(Hedwig) Schimper
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Coroll. Bryol. Eur.,
|place=12. 1856,
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Dicranum pellucidum
|authority=Hedwig
|rank=species
|publication_title=Sp. Musc. Frond.,
|publication_place=142. 1801
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Bryum flavescens
|authority=Dickson ex Withering
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Dichodontium flavescens
|authority=(Dickson ex Withering) Lindberg
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Dichodontium pellucidum var. americanum
|authority=Lesquereux & James
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Dichodontium pellucidum var. fagimontanum
|authority=(Bridel) Schimper
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Dichodontium subflavescens
|authority=
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Dicranaceae;Dichodontium;Dichodontium pellucidum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Dicranaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Dichodontium]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Dichodontium pellucidum]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 27
|mention_page=page 381, 383, 386, 564, 575, 585
|treatment_page=page 384
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="stem atypical some measurement;stem some measurement"><b>Stems </b>1.5–5.5 (–8) cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="leaf some measurement;apex shape"><b>Leaves </b>1–4 mm, apex narrowly to broadly acute to rounded-obtuse;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="margin orientation;margin insertion;margin relief">margins weakly to strongly recurved in proximal half or sometimes nearly to the apex, generally smooth near the insertion, margins of leaf apex strongly papillose but without teeth;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="marginal laminal cell relief;cell end orientation;cell end architecture or pubescence or relief">marginal laminal cells weakly papillose by projecting distal cell ends or smooth in proximal half of the leaf;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="papilla shape">median leaf cells with horned papillae on both surfaces;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="laminal arrangement;cell arrangement">costal cells adaxially elongate (3–6:1), often smooth, clearly different from adjacent laminal cells.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="costal cell shape;costal cell quantity;costal cell quantity;costal cell architecture or pubescence or relief;costal cell development;structure architecture;structure shape;leaf-axil architecture;leaf-axil shape"><b>Specialized </b>asexual reproduction occasional, by mullticellular ovoid to ellipsoidal gemmae borne on branched, rhizoidlike structures in the leaf-axils.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="gemma reproduction;gemma quantity;gemma shape;gemma shape;gemma reproduction;gemma reproduction"><b>Sexual </b>condition dioicous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="seta some measurement"><b>Seta </b>9–20 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="capsule some measurement;capsule shape;capsule architecture or pubescence or relief"><b>Capsule </b>1.2–1.6 mm, not strumose, smooth when dry.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="spore atypical some measurement;spore some measurement"><b>Spores </b>13–20 (–25) µm.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Capsules mature late fall–early spring.
|habitat=Moist soil on banks, wet cliffs, near streams, calcareous or acid rock
|elevation=low to high elevations (0–2300 m)
|distribution=Greenland;Alta.;B.C.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.S.;Nunavut;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Yukon;Alaska;Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Idaho;Mich.;Minn.;Mont.;N.J.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;Tenn.;Utah;Wash.;Wis.;Europe;Atlantic Islands (Iceland)
|discussion=<p>The leaf margins of Dichodontium pellucidum are strongly serrate-denticulate in the distal 2/3–3/4 of the leaf, varying to minutely serrulate to nearly entire in the proximal part. In D. olympicum there are no distant marginal teeth in addition to the even denticulations from apex almost to the leaf insertion. In D. pellucidum, such teeth are always present even though the denticulations may be nearly absent. A distinct hydroid strand is visible in leaf sections in the proximal half of the leaf in the larger stems, disappearing in the distal half together with a general loss of anatomical differentiation.</p><!--
--><p>The rather smooth leaves of large-stemmed Dichodontium pellucidum without their typical robust papillae and generally from the northwestern United States may resemble Hyophila involuta. In H. involuta the width of the leaf at the insertion is nearly 1/2 the width of the leaf lamina at mid leaf. Its marginal teeth are located in the distal 1/4 of the leaf, not nearly to the insertion as in D. pellucidum. In D. pellucidum the leaf cells, in section, are convex and papillose, sometimes strongly so, on both sides of the leaf, whereas in H. involuta they only bulge on the adaxial side. Hyophila involuta has no papillae, and has clavate, stellate or dentate-elliptical “multi-horned” axillary gemmae, whereas the gemmae of D. pellucidum are simpler, cylindrical or globose with smooth walls and without projections.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Dichodontium pellucidum
|authority=(Hedwig) Schimper
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Bryum flavescens;Dichodontium flavescens;Dichodontium pellucidum var. americanum;Dichodontium pellucidum var. fagimontanum;Dichodontium subflavescens
|basionyms=Dicranum pellucidum
|family=Dicranaceae
|phenology=Capsules mature late fall–early spring.
|habitat=Moist soil on banks, wet cliffs, near streams, calcareous or acid rock
|elevation=low to high elevations (0–2300 m)
|distribution=Greenland;Alta.;B.C.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.S.;Nunavut;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Yukon;Alaska;Ariz.;Calif.;Colo.;Idaho;Mich.;Minn.;Mont.;N.J.;N.C.;Ohio;Oreg.;Pa.;Tenn.;Utah;Wash.;Wis.;Europe;Atlantic Islands (Iceland)
|reference=None
|publication title=Coroll. Bryol. Eur.,
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V27/V27_546.xml
|genus=Dichodontium
|species=Dichodontium pellucidum
|apex shape=acute;rounded-obtuse
|capsule architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|capsule shape=not strumose
|capsule some measurement=1.2mm;1.6mm
|cell arrangement=adjacent
|cell end architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|cell end orientation=projecting
|costal cell architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|costal cell development=specialized
|costal cell quantity=1;3;6
|costal cell shape=elongate
|gemma quantity=occasional
|gemma reproduction=dioicous;sexual;asexual
|gemma shape=ovoid;ellipsoidal
|laminal arrangement=adjacent
|leaf some measurement=1mm;4mm
|leaf-axil architecture=branched
|leaf-axil shape=rhizoid-like
|margin insertion=smooth
|margin orientation=recurved
|margin relief=papillose
|marginal laminal cell relief=papillose
|papilla shape=horned
|seta some measurement=9mm;20mm
|spore atypical some measurement=20um;25um
|spore some measurement=13um;20um
|stem atypical some measurement=5.5cm;8cm
|stem some measurement=1.5cm;5.5cm
|structure architecture=branched
|structure shape=rhizoid-like
}}<!--

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