View source for Dieteria

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Dieteria
|accepted_authority=Nuttall
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s.
|place=7: 300. 1840
|year=1840
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Aster subg. Hesperastrum
|authority=(A. Gray) A. Gray
|rank=subgenus
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Machaeranthera subg. Dieteria
|authority=(Nuttall) Greene
|rank=subgenus
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Machaeranthera (sect. Undefined) ser. Variabiles
|authority=Cronquist & D. D. Keck
|rank=series
}}
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Astereae;Dieteria
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Astereae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Dieteria]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek di -, two, and etos, year, alluding to biennial duration of the plants first named by Nuttall
|volume=Volume 20
|mention_page=page 8, 12, 13, 19, 394, 396, 402
|treatment_page=page 395
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole-organism duration"><b>Annuals,</b> biennials, or perennials (subshrubs in D. canescens var. ziegleri), 10–100 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="whole-organism some measurement;whole-organism architecture;whole-organism duration;whole-organism some measurement;whole-organism architecture;whole-organism duration">taprooted.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem orientation;stem architecture;stem pubescence;stem pubescence;stem pubescence"><b>Stems </b>erect to ascending, much branched (when well developed), glabrous or hairy, sometimes stipitate-glandular.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>basal and cauline;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="">alternate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="leaf position;leaf position;leaf arrangement;leaf architecture;leaf position;leaf position;leaf position;leaf architecture">usually sessile, sometimes basal and proximal cauline petiolate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="blade architecture;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape;face pubescence;face pubescence;face pubescence;face pubescence;face pubescence;face pubescence">blades 1-nerved, ovate, obovate, oblong, lanceolate, oblanceolate, or linear, margins entire or irregularly serrate to dentate (teeth usually spine-tipped), faces glabrous, canescent, or puberulent, often sparsely stipitate-glandular.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="head architecture or arrangement"><b>Heads </b>radiate (sometimes discoid in D. canescens var. shastensis).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="involucre shape;involucre shape;involucre shape;involucre shape;involucre shape;involucre length;involucre width"><b>Involucres </b>turbinate, campanulate, or hemispheric, 6–16 × 6–30 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="phyllarie quantity;phyllarie orientation;phyllarie orientation;phyllarie orientation;phyllarie orientation;phyllarie orientation;phyllarie architecture;phyllarie shape;phyllarie size;series quantity;base texture;apex growth form or texture;apex pubescence;apex pubescence"><b>Phyllaries </b>25–100 in 3–12 series, appressed, spreading, or reflexed, 1-nerved, lanceolate to linear, unequal, bases indurate, apices herbaceous, usually hairy or stipitate-glandular.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="receptacle shape;receptacle relief;receptacle architecture"><b>Receptacles </b>convex, pitted, epaleate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="ray-floret quantity;ray-floret architecture;ray-floret reproduction"><b>Ray-</b>florets 7–60, pistillate, fertile (sterile or 0 in D. canescens var. shastensis);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration">corollas white, blue, violet, or purple.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="disc-floret quantity;disc-floret reproduction;disc-floret reproduction"><b>Disc-</b>florets 15–200, bisexual, fertile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="corolla coloration;tube height or length or size;lobe quantity;lobe orientation;lobe shape">corollas yellow, tubes shorter than funnelform throats (both glabrous or glabrate), lobes 5, erect, deltate to lanceolate (usually appressed-hairy);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="style-branch appendage shape">style-branch appendages lanceolate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="cypsela shape;cypsela shape;cypsela architecture;cypsela architecture;face pubescence;face pubescence"><b>Cypselae </b>linear to obovoid, flattened, smooth or 8–12-ribbed, faces glabrous or ± appressed-hairy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="bristle quantity;bristle coloration;bristle architecture;bristle shape;series quantity">pappi persistent, of 40–50 white to tawny, barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 1–3 series.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="pappus duration;x chromosome quantity">x = 4.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=w North America;n Mexico
|discussion=<p>Species 3 (3 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Dieteria has often been included in Machaeranthera because of similarities in habit, ray color, chromosome number, and secondary chemistry. The relationship has also been supported by chloroplast DNA evidence (D. R. Morgan and B. B. Simpson 1992). Nuclear ribosomal DNA evidence conflicts with that from chloroplast DNA on the alliances of Dieteria, suggesting reticulate evolution in the ancestors of Machaeranthera, Dieteria, or both (Morgan 2003). In addition, chloroplast DNA and nuclear ribosomal DNA evidence both support a close relationship between Machaeranthera and Oönopsis, and expansion of Machaeranthera to include Dieteria would also have to include Oönopsis, which differs from Machaeranthera in habit, ray color, chromosome number, leaf morphology, and habitat (Morgan and Simpson; Morgan and R. L. Hartman 2003).</p><!--
--><p>Morphologic variation in Dieteria has resulted in the naming of more than 50 species. The treatment adopted here follows that of B. L. Turner (1987b) in recognizing three species and in defining varieties of D. asteroides, D. bigelovii, and D. canescens. Some of the varieties exhibit combinations of the morphologic characteristics of different species and often have been treated as distinct species, most notably D. asteroides var. lagunensis (as Machaeranthera lagunensis), D. bigelovii var. mucronata (as M. mucronata), D. bigelovii var. commixta (as M. commixta), and D. canescens var. leucanthemifolia (as M. leucanthemifolia). Elements of the three species frequently intergrade in areas of contact. Intergradation occurs also among the varieties within each species; it is especially common among the varieties of D. canescens. Turner included a complete synonymy for the species and varieties of Dieteria, while treating the genus as Machaeranthera sect. Hesperastrum.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Phyllaries and peduncles variously hairy (sometimes stipitate-glandular), rarely both prominently stipitate-glandular
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Phyllaries and peduncles both prominently stipitate-glandular
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Phyllaries usually hairy throughout, on both indurate bases and herbaceous apices; apices acute to long-acuminate, 1–6 mm; midstem leaf blades 6–20 mm wide (2–6 mm wide in var. lagunensis)
|[[Dieteria asteroides|Dieteria asteroides]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Phyllaries hairy only on herbaceous apices; apices acute to acuminate, 1–3 mm; midstem leaf blades 1.5–6(–8) mm wide
|[[Dieteria canescens|Dieteria canescens]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaves stiffly stipitate-glandular
|[[Dieteria asteroides|Dieteria asteroides]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaves glabrous or hairy, but not stiffly stipitate-glandular
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Mid leaf blades lanceolate to oblanceolate and 5–15 mm wide, or phyllary apices long-acuminate (2–6 mm), or both
|[[Dieteria bigelovii|Dieteria bigelovii]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Mid leaf blades linear-lanceolate to linear or linear-oblanceolate (ovate to obovate in var. leucanthemifolia), 1.5–5 mm wide; phyllary apices acute to acuminate (1–3 mm)
|[[Dieteria canescens|Dieteria canescens]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Dieteria
|author=David R. Morgan
|authority=Nuttall
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=Aster subg. Hesperastrum;Machaeranthera subg. Dieteria;Machaeranthera (sect. Undefined) ser. Variabiles
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|illustrator=Bee F. Gunn
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=w North America;n Mexico
|reference=None
|publication title=Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s.
|publication year=1840
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V20_900.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Astereae
|genus=Dieteria
|apex growth form or texture=herbaceous
|apex pubescence=stipitate-glandular;hairy
|base texture=indurate
|blade architecture=1-nerved
|blade shape=linear;oblanceolate;linear;oblanceolate;lanceolate;oblong;obovate;ovate
|bristle architecture=barbellate
|bristle coloration=white;tawny
|bristle quantity=40;50
|bristle shape=attenuate
|corolla coloration=yellow;purple;violet;purple;violet;blue;white
|cypsela architecture=8-12-ribbed;smooth
|cypsela shape=flattened;linear;obovoid
|disc-floret quantity=15;200
|disc-floret reproduction=fertile;bisexual
|face pubescence=appressed-hairy;glabrous;stipitate-glandular;puberulent;canescent;puberulent;canescent;glabrous
|head architecture or arrangement=radiate
|involucre length=6mm;16mm
|involucre shape=hemispheric;campanulate;hemispheric;campanulate;turbinate
|involucre width=6mm;30mm
|leaf architecture=petiolate;sessile
|leaf arrangement=alternate
|leaf position=cauline;proximal;basal;cauline;basal
|lobe orientation=erect
|lobe quantity=5
|lobe shape=deltate;lanceolate
|margin architecture or shape=dentate;serrate;entire
|pappus duration=persistent
|phyllarie architecture=1-nerved
|phyllarie orientation=reflexed;spreading;reflexed;spreading;appressed
|phyllarie quantity=25;100
|phyllarie shape=lanceolate;linear
|phyllarie size=unequal
|ray-floret architecture=pistillate
|ray-floret quantity=7;60
|ray-floret reproduction=fertile
|receptacle architecture=epaleate
|receptacle relief=pitted
|receptacle shape=convex
|series quantity=1;3
|stem architecture=branched
|stem orientation=erect;ascending
|stem pubescence=stipitate-glandular;hairy;glabrous
|style-branch appendage shape=lanceolate
|tube height or length or size=shorter
|whole-organism architecture=taprooted;taprooted
|whole-organism duration=perennial;biennial;annual
|whole-organism some measurement=10cm;100cm
|x chromosome quantity=4
}}<!--

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