View source for Douglasia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Douglasia
|accepted_authority=Lindley
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Quart. J. Sci. Lit. Arts [
|place=24]: 385. 1827, name conserved
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Primulaceae;Douglasia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Primulaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Douglasia]]</div></div>
|etymology=For David Douglas, 1798–1834, Scottish botanist and collector in northwestern North America
|volume=Volume 8
|mention_page=page 257, 258, 264, 265
|treatment_page=page 263
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism texture;whole_organism growth form"><b>Herbs </b>perennial (biennial in D. alaskana), usually cushion or mat-forming, sometimes succulent (often suffrutescent).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="rhizome presence"><b>Rhizomes </b>absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="root texture">roots slightly fibrous or a taproot.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="stem orientation;stem architecture;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>prostrate to ascending, simple or dichotomously branched.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf architecture;basal rosette quantity"><b>Leaves </b>in multiple basal rosettes (single rosette in D. alaskana), simple;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="petiole presence;petiole prominence;petiole architecture">petiole absent or obscure, broadly winged;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;base shape;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape;apex shape;apex shape;surface pubescence;surface pubescence;hair architecture;hair architecture;hair arrangement or shape">blade linear to broadly lanceolate, spatulate, or cuneate, base attenuate, margins entire or slightly dentate, apex acute to obtuse, sometimes 3-toothed, surfaces glabrous or hairy, hairs simple, branched, or stellate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="scape quantity;scape length"><b>Scapes </b>usually several per rosette, elongating until fruiting.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="inflorescences umbel architecture;inflorescences umbel architecture;inflorescences umbel architecture;inflorescences umbel architecture;inflorescences umbel architecture"><b>Inflorescences </b>umbels, 2–10-flowered, involucrate, or solitary flowers;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="bract presence;bract quantity">bracts absent or 1–10.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="pedicel presence;pedicel orientation;pedicel orientation"><b>Pedicels </b>absent or ascending, erect in fruit.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="flower architecture"><b>Flowers </b>homostylous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="sepal quantity;sepal coloration;sepal shape;calyx shape;calyx shape;calyx pubescence;calyx pubescence;lobe orientation;tube variability">sepals 5, green, keeled at least on tube, calyx broadly campanulate, 5-angled, glabrous or stellate-hairy, lobes not reflexed, length ± equaling tube;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="petal quantity;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal coloration;age coloration;age coloration;corolla shape;corolla size;lobe orientation;lobe height or length or size;apex architecture;apex architecture">petals 5, pink, rose, or purple, sometimes turning white or violet in age, corolla salverform, constricted at throat, lobes not reflexed, shorter than tube, apex entire or erose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="stamen position">stamens included;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="filament prominence">filaments indistinct;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="anther arrangement">anthers not connivent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="capsule shape;capsule arrangement or dehiscence;capsule dehiscence"><b>Capsules </b>ovoid to globose, valvate, dehiscent to base.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties=""><b>Seeds </b>1–4, brown, 4-angled, oblong, reticulate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="seed quantity;seed coloration;seed shape;seed shape;seed architecture or coloration or relief;x chromosome quantity;x chromosome quantity">x = 18, 19.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=nw North America;e Asia (Russian Far East);arctic and alpine regions
|discussion=<p>Species 9 (9 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Whether Douglasia should be considered a separate genus, part of a very broadly construed Androsace, or, perhaps, part of a new segregate genus comprising Androsace sect. Aretia, has been a longstanding question and remains unresolved. Molecular analyses (G. M. Schneeweiss et al. 2004) show a distinct clade that includes the North American and arctic Douglasia species; it is part of a larger primarily European group of Androsace species in sect. Aretia. Although morphologically very similar to those Androsace species, the Douglasia clade differs in chromosome number (chiefly 2n = 38) and shows a large range disjunction between the Alps and the Bering Strait. As currently construed, Androsace in the broad sense covers a broad range of morphologies, especially in the little-studied Asiatic sect. Pseudoprimula, which, morphologically and karyologically, is closer to Primula than to other Androsace; other sections such as the Chamaejasme group show lesser but still significant discontinuities. Additional comprehensive genetic analyses of the entire Androsace complex are needed before it will be possible to assess the appropriateness of segregate or aggregate nomenclature. This treatment follows the current, conventional view in North America of a segregate generic status for Douglasia.</p><!--
--><p>Throughout its range, Douglasia shows a pattern of closely related species with narrow distributions. The species differ primarily in the type and placement of hairs on the vegetative parts; these characters are consistent and reliable markers. Molecular markers (G. M. Schneeweiss et al. 2004) support close relationships but also indicate separate branches that support species-level designations as well as separate clades within Douglasia, where arctic species form one group and those of the continental northwest, from Washington to Montana, another.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves in single basal rosette; plants not cushion- or mat-forming
|[[Douglasia alaskana|Douglasia alaskana]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves in multiple rosettes or plants cushion- or mat-forming
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Stems ± densely covered with reddish or reddish brown, marcescent leaves; arctic species of Alaska and Canada
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Stems with green or gray to light maroon leaves (not densely covered with reddish or reddish brown, marcescent leaves); Cordilleran species of northwestern North America and southern Canada
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaf blades usually glabrous adaxially, margin hairs simple
|[[Douglasia arctica|Douglasia arctica]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaf blades usually hairy adaxially, sometimes only at apex, margin hairs simple, forked, or branched
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Leaves prominently recurved, blade with simple hairs.
|[[Douglasia ochotensis|Douglasia ochotensis]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Leaves ascending or erect, blade with mostly forked, branched or stellate hairs
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Calyx and bracts densely hairy, hairs branched and/or stellate.
|[[Douglasia beringensis|Douglasia beringensis]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Calyx and bracts glabrous.
|[[Douglasia gormanii|Douglasia gormanii]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Inflorescences 1-2-flowered.
|[[Douglasia montana|Douglasia montana]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Inflorescences (2-)3-10-flowered
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Leaf blades densely hairy, hairs branched and stellate.
|[[Douglasia nivalis|Douglasia nivalis]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Leaf blades usually glabrous, sometimes ciliate on margins
|[[#key-0-8| > 8]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Leaf blades 1-2 mm wide; involucral bracts lanceolate to ovate- lanceolate.
|[[Douglasia idahoensis|Douglasia idahoensis]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Leaf blades 2-6 mm wide; involucral bracts lanceolate to ovate.
|[[Douglasia laevigata|Douglasia laevigata]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Douglasia
|author=Sylvia Kelso
|authority=Lindley
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Primulaceae
|distribution=nw North America;e Asia (Russian Far East);arctic and alpine regions
|reference=None
|publication title=Quart. J. Sci. Lit. Arts [
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V8/V8_538.xml
|genus=Douglasia
|age coloration=violet;white
|anther arrangement=not connivent
|apex architecture=erose;entire
|apex shape=3-toothed;acute;obtuse
|basal rosette quantity=multiple
|base shape=attenuate
|blade shape=linear;broadly lanceolate spatulate or cuneate
|bract presence=absent
|bract quantity=1;10
|calyx pubescence=stellate-hairy;glabrous
|calyx shape=5-angled;campanulate
|capsule arrangement or dehiscence=valvate
|capsule dehiscence=dehiscent
|capsule shape=ovoid;globose
|corolla shape=salverform
|corolla size=constricted
|filament prominence=indistinct
|flower architecture=homostylous
|hair architecture=branched;simple
|hair arrangement or shape=stellate
|inflorescences umbel architecture=solitary;involucrate;solitary;involucrate;2-10-flowered
|leaf architecture=simple
|lobe height or length or size=shorter
|lobe orientation=not reflexed;not reflexed
|margin architecture or shape=dentate;entire
|pedicel orientation=erect;ascending
|pedicel presence=absent
|petal coloration=purple;rose;purple;rose;pink
|petal quantity=5
|petiole architecture=winged
|petiole presence=absent
|petiole prominence=obscure
|rhizome presence=absent
|root texture=fibrous
|scape length=elongating
|scape quantity=several
|seed architecture or coloration or relief=reticulate
|seed coloration=brown
|seed quantity=1;4
|seed shape=oblong;4-angled
|sepal coloration=green
|sepal quantity=5
|sepal shape=keeled
|stamen position=included
|stem architecture=branched;simple
|stem orientation=prostrate;ascending
|surface pubescence=hairy;glabrous
|tube variability=equaling
|whole_organism duration=perennial
|whole_organism growth form=cushion;mat-forming;herb
|whole_organism texture=succulent
|x chromosome quantity=19;18
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Primulaceae]]