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2n chromosome quantity
22 +
Abaxial spine course
straight +
Abaxial spine length
longest +
Abaxial spine orientation
Recurved (?) +
Adaxial extension height or length or size
short +
Adaxial portion arrangement
confluent +
Adaxial portion height or length or size
short +
Adaxial portion width
broad +
Apical region pubescence
woolly +
Appearance shape
cushionlike +
Appendage architecture
arillate +
Appendage pubescence or texture
corky +
Areolar gland presence
absent +
Areole architecture or shape
spiny +
Areole arrangement
confluent +  and spaced +
Areole arrangement or shape
circular to linear +
Areole duration
deciduous +  and persistent +
Areole life cycle
flowering +
Areole presence
absent +
Areole prominence
Conspicuous (Obscure) +
Areole shape
nearly circular +  and oblong +
Author
Allan D. Zimmerman +  and Bruce D. Parfitt +
Authority
Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow +
Bark pubescence or texture
woodlike +
Bark texture
hardened +
Base position relational
surrounding +
Bract architecture or shape
leaflike +
Bract presence
absent +
Bract shape
triangular +
Branch atypical quantity
50 (130) +
Branch quantity
2 +  and 50 +
Cell surface shape
hemispheric +  and hexagonally faceted +
Central spine course
straight +  and curved +
Central spine quantity
4 +
Central spine shape
ridged +, flattened +  and terete +
Chain architecture
sessile +
Chain architecture or shape
symmetric +
Chain life cycle
proliferating +
Chain orientation
arising +
Chamber architecture
open +
Cladode length or size
long +
Cladode shape
flattened +  and cylindric +
Cortex coating
not mucilaginous +
Cortex texture
hard +
Cortex width
thick +
Distal scale architecture or shape
spine-tipped +
Distribution
Ariz. +, Calif. +, Nev. +  and Mexico (Sonora) +
Elevation
[10-]30-1700 m +
Epidermis arrangement
not separating +
Epidermis condition
intact +
Floral remnant duration
persistent +
Flower architecture
sessile +
Flower architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Flower architecture or shape
symmetric +
Flower arrangement
arranged +
Flower duration
diurnal +
Flower length
5.5 cm55 mm <br />0.055 m <br /> (5.8 cm58 mm <br />0.058 m <br />) +
Flower length or size
long +
Flower quantity
1 +
Flower reproduction
bisexual +
Flower shape
salverform +
Flower tube atypical some measurement
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
Flower tube fusion
adnate +
Flower tube position
epigynous +
Flower tube prominence
conspicuous +
Flower tube some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
Fruit architecture or shape
berrylike +
Fruit atypical width
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
Fruit coloration
whitish tan;pinkish +
Fruit condition
drying +
Fruit condition or texture
dry +
Fruit dehiscence
dehiscent +
Fruit duration
persistent +, long +  and deciduous +
Fruit length
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
Fruit length or size
long +
Fruit quantity
many +
Fruit scale coloration
Black (Tan) +
Fruit scale height or length or size
usually shorter +
Fruit scale some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
Fruit shape
ovoid +
Fruit texture
dry +, fleshy +  and juicy +
Fruit width
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Glochid presence
absent +
Habitat
Rocky flats and washes, bajadas, rock ledges, Mojave and Sonoran desert scrub, igneous and calcareous substrates +
Hair coloration
pale tan +  and white +
Hair density
dense +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
John Myers +
Inflorescence derivation
true +
Inner tepal coloration
Uniform (?) +  and Bright-yellow (?) +
Inner tepal length
2.4 cm24 mm <br />0.024 m <br /> (3.2 cm32 mm <br />0.032 m <br />) +
Inner tepal shape
toothed +
Inner tepal some measurement
2.4 cm24 mm <br />0.024 m <br /> (2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br />) +
Inner tepal width
0.3cm;1.5cm +
Leaf architecture
sessile +
Leaf arrangement
alternate +
Leaf duration
deciduous +  and persistent +
Leaf presence
absent +
Leaf prominence
rudimentary +
Leaf shape
flat +  and terete +
Leaf size
nearly +  and microscopic +
Leaf some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Long-shoot architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Long-shoot relief
tuberculate +
Long-shoot shape
fluted;spheric;depressed-spheric or club-shaped +
Margin architecture or relief
erose +
Margin architecture or shape
spine-tipped +, serrate +  and entire +
Margin shape
fimbriate +, entire +  and toothed +
Midstripe coloration
reddish +
Mound architecture or arrangement
compact +
Nectary prominence
apparent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Outer tepal architecture or shape
sepal-like +
Outer tepal shape
Bractlike (?) +
Ovary architecture
spineless +
Ovary architecture or pubescence
scaly +
Ovary derivation
true +
Ovary position relational
surrounding +
Ovary prominence
sunken +
Ovary pubescence
woolly +
Perianth duration
deciduous +  and persistent +
Perianth position
epigynous +
Phenology
Flowering Jul–Aug. +
Pistil architecture
compound +
Pistil architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Pith coating
not mucilaginous +
Pith texture
hard +
Placenta arrangement
parietal +
Placenta atypical quantity
14 (20) +
Placenta quantity
3;14 +
Plane prominence or shape
flat +
Pore dehiscence
dehiscent +, , +, rupturing +  and indehiscent +
Pore life cycle
abscission +
Pore position
basal +
Portion architecture or shape
spiny +
Portion arrangement
separated +
Portion life cycle
flowering +
Portion reproduction
fertile +
Protuberance fusion
coalescent +
Protuberance shape
ridgelike +  and nipple--shaped +
Publication title
Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts +
Publication year
1856 +
Pulp coloration
red +
Reference
None +
Rib atypical quantity
27 (60) +
Rib course
curving +
Rib crest architecture
uninterrupted +
Rib crest shape
sharp +
Rib crest size
not constricted +
Rib orientation
vertical +
Rib prominence
prominent +
Rib quantity
11;25 +
Rib shape
broadly rounded +  and nearly keeled +
Rib short-shoot architecture or shape
barbed +
Rib short-shoot size
minute +
Root density
diffuse +
Scale architecture or shape
leaflike +
Scale axil architecture
spineless +
Scale axil pubescence
woolly +
Scale coloration
yellow +  and reddish +
Scale presence
absent +
Scale prominence or shape
flat +
Scale quantity
abundant +
Scale shape
triangular +
Scale size
small +
Seed architecture
arillate +  and strophiolate +
Seed architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Seed atypical quantity
0 (5) +
Seed coloration
dark maroon +  and black +
Seed diameter
0.4mm;12mm +
Seed pubescence or relief or texture
granular +
Seed quantity
1;3000 +
Seed reflectance
dull +  and shiny +
Seed relief or texture
papillate-roughened +
Seed shape
faceted;rounded +
Seed some measurement
0.28 cm2.8 mm <br />0.0028 m <br /> (0.47 cm4.7 mm <br />0.0047 m <br />) +
Segment duration
persistent +
Segment fragility
detachable +
Shell coloration
tan +
Shell some measurement
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Side prominence or shape
flat +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V4/V4 356.xml +
Spine architecture
twisted +
Spine architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Spine architecture or shape
ribbonlike +
Spine arrangement
radial +
Spine atypical quantity
5 (7) +
Spine coloration
straw colored +, red +  and gray +
Spine coloration or pubescence or relief
striate +
Spine course
straight +  and curved +
Spine duration
deciduous +  and persistent +
Spine fragility
stiff +
Spine life cycle
aging +
Spine presence
absent +
Spine pubescence
canescent +
Spine pubescence or relief
rough +
Spine quantity
6 (?) +  and 14 (?) +
Spine shape
annulate-ridged +, flattened +  and abaxially ridged +
Spine some measurement
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
Spine texture
rigid +
Spine tip pubescence
canescent +
Stamen quantity
50;1500 +
Stamen shape
decurrent +
Stem architecture
unsegmented +
Stem atypical length
40cm (45cm) +
Stem atypical width
9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
Stem coloration
gray-green +
Stem length
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
Stem shape
spheric +  and short cylindric +
Stem texture
succulent +
Stem trichome architecture
unicellular +
Stem trichome coloration
white +
Stem trichome pubescence
canescent +  and glabrous +
Stem trichome size
minute +
Stem width
15cm;30cm +
Stigma lobe atypical quantity
14 (17) +
Stigma lobe coloration
bright-yellow +
Stigma lobe quantity
6;14 +
Stigma lobe some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
Stipule presence
absent +
Style quantity
1 +
Surface architecture or shape
ribbed +
Surface condition
drying +
Surface prominence
protruding +  and hidden +
Surface relief
tuberculate +
Surface texture
woody +
Synonyms
Homalocephala +
Taproot architecture
adventitous +
Taproot density
diffuse +
Taproot derivation
adventitious +
Taproot height or length or size
short +
Taproot shape
tuberlike +
Taxon family
Cactaceae +
Taxon habitat
epipetric +  and epiphytic +
Taxon name
Echinocactus polycephalus var. polycephalus +
Taxon parent
Echinocactus polycephalus +
Taxon rank
variety +
Tepal condition
dried +
Tepal quantity
5;50 +
Tepals margin architecture or shape
spinose +  and entire +
Testa cell shape
flat +  and convex +
Testa reflectance
dull +  and glossy +
Tip pubescence
canescent +  and glabrous +
Tip shape
spinelike +
Trichome architecture
unicellular +
Trichome shape
strap--shaped +
Tubercle fusion
distinct +
Tubercle presence
absent +
Volume
Volume 4 +
Whole organism architecture
branched +
Whole organism architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
plant +
Whole organism habitat
epiphytic;epiphytic;epiphytic +
Whole organism height or length or size
short +
Whole organism location
not deep-seated +
Whole organism orientation
erect +
Whole organism shape
barrel-shaped +  and spheric +
X chromosome quantity
11 +