View source for Eichhornia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Eichhornia
|accepted_authority=Kunth
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Eichhornia,
|place=3. 1842
|year=1842
}}
|common_names=Water-hyacinth;jacinthe d’eau
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Piaropus
|authority=Rafinesque
|rank=genus
}}
|hierarchy=Pontederiaceae;Eichhornia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Pontederiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Eichhornia]]</div></div>
|etymology=for Johann A. F. Eichhorn, 1779–1856, Prussian statesman
|volume=Volume 26
|mention_page=page 37
|treatment_page=page 38
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism growth form"><b>Herbs,</b> annual or perennial, rooting in mud or free-floating.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem reproduction;stem location;stem location;stem height or length or size"><b>Vegetative </b>stems submersed and growing to surface, or emersed and short.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="flowering-stem location"><b>Flowering-</b>stems emersed.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf architecture;leaf arrangement;stem shape;stem reproduction"><b>Sessile </b>leaves forming basal rosette or alternate on elongate vegetative stem;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="apex shape">apex acuminate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="leaf architecture;leaf location;leaf location"><b>Petiolate </b>leaves floating or emersed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="blade shape;blade texture;apex shape">blade cordate to ovate or round, coriaceous, apex obtuse.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence length;day quantity"><b>Inflorescences </b>spicate, up to 30-flowered, elongating over several days;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="spathe architecture or shape;extension shape">spathes folded, with acuminate to caudate extension.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="day quantity"><b>Flowers </b>open 1 day only;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="perianth coloration;perianth coloration;perianth coloration;perianth coloration;perianth coloration;tepal length;limb lobe shape;limb lobe some measurement;limb lobe pubescence;apex shape">perianth with tepals connate for more than 1/2 its length, blue, mauve, or rarely white, funnelform, limb lobes obovate to oblanceolate, longer than 2 cm, glandular-pubescent, apex obtuse to acute;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="stamen quantity;distal stamen quantity;distal stamen height or length or size;proximal stamen quantity">stamens 6, distal 3 shorter than proximal 3;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="filament course;filament coloration or density;filament pubescence">filaments curved upward near apex, purple, glandular-pubescent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="anther coloration;anther shape">anthers yellow, rounded to oblong;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="ovary architecture or structure in adjective form">ovary incompletely 3-locular;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="ovule quantity">ovules many;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="style shape">style 3-lobed.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="fruit architecture;fruit shape"><b>Fruits </b>capsular, elongate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="seed quantity;seed shape;wing dehiscence or orientation"><b>Seeds </b>10–200, ovoid, testa with longitudinal wings.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Neotropics and Africa
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species 7 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Eichhornia paniculata (Sprengel) Solms-Laubach [syn. Piaropus paniculatus (Sprengel) Small] was reported by J. K. Small (1913) as occurring in drainage ditches of peninsular Florida. The collection was made in 1907 in Manatee County (J. K. Small s.n., NY). This species can be recognized by its growing rooted in mud and by the presence of cordate leaves and an elongate flowering stem terminated by a panicule of 20–100 flowers.</p><!--
--><p>Eichhornia diversifolia (Vahl) Urban, native to Puerto Rico, is not known to occur in the flora area.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Plants typically free-floating; sessile leaves produced in rosette; petioles commonly inflated perianth limb lobe margins entire
|[[Eichhornia crassipes|Eichhornia crassipes]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Plants typically rooted in mud; sessile leaves alternate on elongate stem; inflated petioles absent; perianth limb lobe margins erose
|[[Eichhornia azurea|Eichhornia azurea]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Eichhornia
|authority=Kunth
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=Piaropus
|basionyms=
|family=Pontederiaceae
|distribution=Neotropics and Africa
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Eichhornia,
|publication year=1842
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V26/V26_4.xml
|genus=Eichhornia
|anther coloration=yellow
|anther shape=rounded;oblong
|apex shape=obtuse;acute
|blade shape=cordate;ovate or round
|blade texture=coriaceous
|day quantity=1;several
|distal stamen height or length or size=shorter
|distal stamen quantity=3
|extension shape=acuminate;caudate
|filament coloration or density=purple
|filament course=curved
|filament pubescence=glandular-pubescent
|flowering-stem location=emersed
|fruit architecture=capsular
|fruit shape=elongate
|inflorescence architecture=up;30-flowered
|inflorescence length=elongating
|leaf architecture=petiolate;sessile
|leaf arrangement=alternate
|leaf location=emersed;floating
|limb lobe pubescence=glandular-pubescent
|limb lobe shape=obovate;oblanceolate
|limb lobe some measurement=2
|ovary architecture or structure in adjective form=3-locular
|ovule quantity=many
|perianth coloration=white;mauve;white;mauve;blue
|proximal stamen quantity=3
|seed quantity=10;200
|seed shape=ovoid
|spathe architecture or shape=folded
|stamen quantity=6
|stem height or length or size=short
|stem location=emersed;submersed
|stem reproduction=vegetative;vegetative
|stem shape=elongate
|style shape=3-lobed
|tepal length=connate
|whole_organism architecture=rooting
|whole_organism duration=perennial;annual
|whole_organism growth form=herb
|wing dehiscence or orientation=longitudinal
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Pontederiaceae]]