View source for Equisetum arvense

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Equisetum arvense
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 1061. 1753
|year=1753
}}
|common_names=Field horsetail;common horsetail;prêle des champs
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Equisetaceae;Equisetum;Equisetum subg. Hippochaete;Equisetum arvense
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Equisetaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Equisetum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Equisetum subg. Hippochaete]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Equisetum arvense]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 2
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="stem location;stem growth form"><b>Aerial </b>stems dimorphic;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem reproduction;stem coloration;stem architecture;stem atypical some measurement;stem some measurement">vegetative stems green, branched, 2–60 (–100) cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="center architecture;center quantity">hollow center 1/3–2/3 stem diam.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="sheath shape;sheath atypical length;sheath length;sheath atypical width;sheath width"><b>Sheaths </b>squarish in face view, 2–5 (–10) × 2–5 (–9) mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="tooth coloration;tooth quantity;tooth size or width;tooth some measurement">teeth dark, 4–14, narrow, 1–3.5 mm, often cohering in pairs.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="branch orientation;branch architecture;whorl architecture"><b>Branches </b>in regular whorls, ascending, solid;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="ridge quantity">ridges 3–4;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="">valleys channeled;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="valley shape;internode length or size">1st internode of each branch longer than subtending stem sheath;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="sheath tooth shape">sheath teeth attenuate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="stem reproduction;stem coloration;stem reproduction"><b>Fertile </b>stems brown, lacking stomates, unbranched, shorter than vegetative stems, with larger sheaths, fleshy, ephemeral.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="stomate quantity;stomate architecture;stomate height or length or size;stomate texture;stomate duration;2n chromosome quantity">2n =ca. 216.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Cones maturing in early spring.
|habitat=Roadsides, riverbanks, fields, marshes, pastures, tundra
|elevation=0–3200 m
|distribution=Greenland;St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Ala.;Alaska;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo;Eurasia s to Himalayas;c China;Korea;Japan
|discussion=<p>Among the many infraspecific taxa that have been named in this species, Equisetum arvense var. boreale Bongard has been most generally accepted and has been applied to plants with tall, erect stems with 3-ridged branches. Because both 3-ridged and 4-ridged branches may occur on a single stem, the variety boreale is not recognized here as distinct (R.L. Hauke 1966).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Equisetum arvense
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=subgenus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Equisetaceae
|phenology=Cones maturing in early spring.
|habitat=Roadsides, riverbanks, fields, marshes, pastures, tundra
|elevation=0–3200 m
|distribution=Greenland;St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Ala.;Alaska;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;N.C.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;Wash.;W.Va.;Wis.;Wyo;Eurasia s to Himalayas;c China;Korea;Japan
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1753
|special status=Illustrated
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V2/V2_772.xml
|genus=Equisetum
|subgenus=Equisetum subg. Hippochaete
|species=Equisetum arvense
|2n chromosome quantity=216
|branch architecture=solid
|branch orientation=ascending
|center architecture=hollow
|center quantity=1/3;2/3
|internode length or size=longer
|ridge quantity=3;4
|sheath atypical length=5mm;10mm
|sheath atypical width=5mm;9mm
|sheath length=2mm;5mm
|sheath shape=squarish
|sheath tooth shape=attenuate
|sheath width=2mm;5mm
|stem architecture=branched
|stem atypical some measurement=60cm;100cm
|stem coloration=brown;green
|stem growth form=dimorphic
|stem location=aerial
|stem reproduction=vegetative;fertile;vegetative
|stem some measurement=2cm;60cm
|stomate architecture=unbranched
|stomate duration=ephemeral
|stomate height or length or size=shorter
|stomate quantity=lacking
|stomate texture=fleshy
|tooth coloration=dark
|tooth quantity=4;14
|tooth size or width=narrow
|tooth some measurement=1mm;3.5mm
|valley shape=channeled
|whorl architecture=regular
}}<!--

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[[Category:Treatment]]
[[Category:Equisetum subg. Hippochaete]]
[[Category:Revised Since Print]]