View source for Galanthus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Galanthus
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 288. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 140. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Snowdrop;perce-neige
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Liliaceae;Galanthus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Liliaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Galanthus]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek gala, milk, and anthos, flower, alluding to the color of the flowers
|volume=Volume 26
|mention_page=page 55, 293
|treatment_page=page 280
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism growth form;bulb coloration;bulb architecture;bulb shape"><b>Herbs,</b> perennial, scapose, from brown, tunicate, ovoid to globose bulbs;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="bulb arrangement;bulb presence">offset bulbs often present.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf atypical quantity;leaf quantity;basal leaf arrangement;basal leaf vernation;basal leaf arrangement;basal leaf arrangement;basal leaf arrangement;basal leaf arrangement;blade architecture or shape"><b>Leaves </b>2 (–3), basal, opposite, with sheathing blade, vernation flat and parallel, or convolute;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="blade architecture;blade orientation;blade coloration;blade shape;blade pubescence">nonsheathing blade erect to recurving at maturity, grayish green, linear-oblanceolate, glaucous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="blade architecture or shape;blade coloration;blade shape;blade texture;leaf-base position relational;scape position relational">sheathing blade white, tubular, membranous, enclosing leaf-bases and scape.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="scape orientation;scape growth form or orientation;scape coloration;scape architecture"><b>Scape </b>erect in flower, prostrate in fruit, green, solid.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="inflorescence orientation;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture"><b>Inflorescences </b>pendulous, 1-flowered, spathaceous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="spathe architecture;spathe texture">spathe bracteate, membranous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="bract quantity;bract fusion;side quantity">bracts 2, connate, split on 1 side.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties=""><b>Flowers </b>nodding, fragrant;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="flower orientation;flower odor;flower some measurement;flower height or length or size">perianath 2.5 cm or shorter;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="tepal quantity;tepal fusion;tepal size">tepals 6, distinct, unequal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="outer tepal orientation;outer tepal coloration;outer tepal shape;outer tepal shape;outer tepal shape;outer tepal size">outer tepals spreading, white, narrowly obovate to almost orbicular, larger than inner;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="inner tepal arrangement;inner tepal shape;base shape;base coloration;apex course;apex shape;apex shape;apex coloration">inner tepals overlapping, appearing tubular, green-spotted at apex only or apex and base, straight to semiorbicular, apex notched;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="tepal stamen quantity;tepal stamen fusion">stamens 6, inserted at bases of tepals, distinct;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="anther fixation;anther length or size;base shape;apex shape;apex dehiscence">anthers basifixed, longer than filaments, bases lobed, apices tapered, dehiscense introrse, via terminal slits;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="ovary position;ovary coloration;ovary architecture or structure in adjective form;ovary shape;septal nectary presence">ovary inferior, green, 3-locular, globose, septal nectaries present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="style coloration;style architecture;style shape">style, white, unbranched, filiform;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="stigma prominence;stigma architecture or shape">stigma indistinct to minutely capitate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="pedicel architecture;pedicel height or length or size;pedicel size">pedicel wiry, short, slender.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="fruit architecture;fruit coloration;fruit shape;fruit texture;fruit dehiscence"><b>Fruits </b>capsular, green, globose, fleshy, dehiscence loculicidal.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="seed quantity;seed coloration;seed some measurement;seed shape"><b>Seeds </b>18–36, light-brown, 3.5 mm, oblong to obtuse, elaiosomes fleshy.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="elaiosome texture;x chromosome quantity">x = 12.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Europe;sw Asia (Asia Minor);sw Asia (Iranian Caucasus);sw Asia (and Caspian Sea regions);and naturalized elsewhere
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species 14–17 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>A number of Galanthus species, especially G. nivalis, are commonly cultivated for their late- winter and early–spring flowers, which emerge through the snow. Species of Galanthus are sometimes confused with Leucojum, snowflakes, a spring-flowering relative. The plants of Leucojum are usually taller, bear 2–3 flowers per stem, and their tepals are all equal.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Inner tepals blotched with green at base and apex or with green stripe from base to apex; leaves convolute within basal sheath.
|[[Galanthus elwesii|Galanthus elwesii]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Inner tepals blotched with green at apex only; leaves flat and parallel within basal sheath.
|[[Galanthus nivalis|Galanthus nivalis]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Galanthus
|author=Gerald B. Straley†;Frederick H. Utech
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Liliaceae
|illustrator=Kimberly J. Martin
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=Europe;sw Asia (Asia Minor);sw Asia (Iranian Caucasus);sw Asia (and Caspian Sea regions);and naturalized elsewhere
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V26/V26_536.xml
|genus=Galanthus
|anther fixation=basifixed
|anther length or size=longer
|apex coloration=green-spotted
|apex course=straight
|apex dehiscence=introrse
|apex shape=tapered;tubular;semiorbicular
|basal leaf arrangement=convolute;parallel;convolute;parallel;opposite
|basal leaf vernation=flat
|base coloration=green-spotted
|base shape=lobed;tubular
|blade architecture=nonsheathing
|blade architecture or shape=sheathing;sheathing
|blade coloration=white;grayish green
|blade orientation=erect;recurving
|blade pubescence=glaucous
|blade shape=tubular;linear-oblanceolate
|blade texture=membranous
|bract fusion=connate
|bract quantity=2
|bulb architecture=tunicate
|bulb arrangement=offset
|bulb coloration=brown
|bulb presence=absent
|bulb shape=ovoid;globose
|elaiosome texture=fleshy
|flower height or length or size=shorter
|flower odor=fragrant
|flower orientation=nodding
|flower some measurement=2.5
|fruit architecture=capsular
|fruit coloration=green
|fruit dehiscence=loculicidal
|fruit shape=globose
|fruit texture=fleshy
|inflorescence architecture=spathaceous;1-flowered
|inflorescence orientation=pendulous
|inner tepal arrangement=overlapping
|inner tepal shape=notched
|leaf atypical quantity=2;3
|leaf quantity=2
|leaf-base position relational=enclosing
|outer tepal coloration=white
|outer tepal orientation=spreading
|outer tepal shape=orbicular;obovate to almost;obovate
|outer tepal size=larger
|ovary architecture or structure in adjective form=3-locular
|ovary coloration=green
|ovary position=inferior
|ovary shape=globose
|pedicel architecture=wiry
|pedicel height or length or size=short
|pedicel size=slender
|scape architecture=solid
|scape coloration=green
|scape growth form or orientation=prostrate
|scape orientation=erect
|scape position relational=enclosing
|seed coloration=light-brown
|seed quantity=18;36
|seed shape=oblong;obtuse
|seed some measurement=3.5
|septal nectary presence=absent
|side quantity=1
|spathe architecture=bracteate
|spathe texture=membranous
|stigma architecture or shape=capitate
|stigma prominence=indistinct
|style architecture=unbranched
|style coloration=white
|style shape=filiform
|tepal fusion=distinct
|tepal quantity=6
|tepal size=unequal
|tepal stamen fusion=distinct
|tepal stamen quantity=6
|whole_organism architecture=scapose
|whole_organism duration=perennial
|whole_organism growth form=herb
|x chromosome quantity=12
}}<!--

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