View source for Glossopetalon

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Glossopetalon
|accepted_authority=A. Gray
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Smithsonian Contr. Knowl.
|place=5(6): 29, plate 12, fig. B. 1853
|year=1853
}}
|common_names=Greasebush
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Crossosomataceae;Glossopetalon
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Crossosomataceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Glossopetalon]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek glossa, tongue, and petalon, spreading, alluding to outspreading tongue-like petals
|volume=Volume 9
|mention_page=page 9, 10, 13
|treatment_page=page 12
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism growth form"><b>Shrubs.</b></span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem architecture;branch orientation;branch arrangement"><b>Stems </b>densely branched, branches ascending or divaricate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="twig coloration;twig coloration;twig coloration or relief;twig pubescence;twig pubescence;ridge width;ridge shape">twigs yellowish green to green or grayish green, eventually turning yellowish-brown to orangish brown, with fine decurrent ridges, punctate (sometimes inconspicuously), glabrous or puberulent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="bark coloration;bark coloration;bark coloration;patch coloration">bark becoming gray to dark gray, pale-yellow, or dark-brown, sometimes with black patches.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf arrangement"><b>Leaves </b>alternate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="stipule presence;stipule size;stipule shape">stipules absent or usually relatively small (often adnate proximally to petiole and appearing as a pair of minute lobes), triangular to subulate or filiform;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="petiole height or length or size;petiole duration;base size or width;base coloration;base shape;ridge width;ridge position">petiole usually short, persistent after leaves shed, base sometimes glandular-thickened, becoming darkened, decurrent as fine ridges proximal to nodes;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="blade shape;base shape;base shape;margin architecture or shape;apex tip shape;apex tip shape;apex tip shape;apex tip shape;midvein prominence;midvein prominence;midvein coloration or relief;midvein pubescence;midvein pubescence;midvein pubescence;keel position">blade narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, base angled or tapered, margins entire, apex tip rounded or, more commonly, blunt to sharply pointed, sometimes mucronate (spinescent in G. pungens), midvein sometimes apparent as low keel proximally on abaxial surfaces, venation obscure, sometimes inconspicuously punctate, usually glaucous, glabrous or puberulent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="inflorescence position;inflorescence position;flower architecture or arrangement or growth form;flower architecture;flower arrangement"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal or axillary (then terminating short-shoots), flowers solitary, sometimes 2–3-flowered clusters.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="pedicel height or length or size"><b>Pedicels </b>mostly short.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="hypanthium architecture;nectar disc texture;nectar disc shape"><b>Flowers:</b> hypanthium lined with fleshy, crenately lobed nectar disc;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="sepal atypical quantity;sepal quantity;sepal shape;sepal shape;sepal shape;margin coloration;margin pubescence;margin pubescence">sepals 3–5 (–6), ovate to nearly circular, sometimes slightly concave at base, not cucullate, margins hyaline, glaucous, glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="petal duration;petal atypical quantity;petal quantity;petal coloration;petal architecture;petal shape;petal some measurement">petals persistent at fruiting, 3–5 (–6), white, spirally twisted with age, narrowly elliptic-oblanceolate to oblanceolate, 2–9 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="stamen quantity;series quantity;filament variability;filament length or size">stamens 4–10 in 1–2 series, filaments inserted along disc margin, equal to or longer than anthers;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="carpel atypical quantity;carpel quantity;carpel fusion;carpel architecture">carpels 1 (–3), distinct, sessile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="stigma orientation or shape;stigma architecture or shape">stigmas oblique, capitate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="follicle atypical quantity;follicle quantity;follicle shape;follicle shape;adaxial surface course;adaxial surface prior-to-dehiscence;apex architecture or shape;apex coloration or pubescence or relief;apex pubescence;apex pubescence;apex pubescence;vein prominence"><b>Follicles </b>1 (–3), asymmetrically ovoid to obovoid or ellipsoid, turgid or slightly angular-flattened, adaxial surface curved or ± contorted prior to dehiscence, apex often appearing ± beaked, longitudinally striate with prominent venation, glabrous or, occasionally, sparsely puberulent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="adaxial suture size or width;adaxial suture pubescence or texture">adaxial suture narrow, ± cartilaginous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="seed quantity;seed quantity;seed coloration;seed coloration;seed coloration;seed coloration;seed shape;seed shape;seed reflectance;seed relief;seed relief"><b>Seeds </b>1 or 2 per follicle, usually tan or yellowish, sometimes brownish white or cream, spheric or somewhat reniform, shiny, smooth or minutely reticulate/pitted;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="aril coloration;aril shape;aril shape">arils white (drying tan), irregularly discoid or ± fimbrillate.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=w;c United States;Mexico
|discussion=<p>Species 4 (4 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Glossopetalon is treated here as comprising one relatively widespread and morphologically variable species and three narrowly endemic, more morphologically homogeneous relatives. The plants occur mostly on calcareous substrates. Taxa within Glossopetalon are relatively character-poor, especially on herbarium specimens, and the characters used to distinguish taxa in past treatments are variable among populations. The genus is in need of more detailed study using biosystematic and molecular methods. In navigating the keys, characters of leaf shape, stipule development, and numbers and shapes of perianth parts should be studied closely by observing multiple examples of a given structure from a specimen in order to facilitate determinations. Rapidly expanding extension shoots sometimes produce atypical leaves that are larger and broader than the limits stated in the keys and descriptions.</p><!--
--><p>Forsellesia Greene, often included as a synonym of Glossopetalon, is an illegitimate name.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Plants 5–25 cm, forming relatively low mounds or mats
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Plants 25–300 cm, forming relatively tall mounds or upright
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaf blade apices short-acuminate to sharply acute, sometimes mucronate, mucro 0.1–0.4 mm; petals 3–5, 2–4 × 0.4–1 mm; stamens 4–6, in 1 equal series.
|[[Glossopetalon clokeyi|Glossopetalon clokeyi]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaf blade apices acute or short-acuminate, mucronate, mucro 0.6–1.2 mm; petals 5, 6–8 × 1.5–2.2 mm; stamens 10, in 2 unequal series.
|[[Glossopetalon pungens|Glossopetalon pungens]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Stem tips mostly strongly spinescent; leaf blade margins usually not, sometimes slightly and evenly, thickened; stipules absent (var. spinescens) or triangular to subulate.
|[[Glossopetalon spinescens|Glossopetalon spinescens]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Stem tips not or weakly spinescent; leaf blade margins (and midveins) ± thickened; stipules absent.
|[[Glossopetalon texense|Glossopetalon texense]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Glossopetalon
|authority=A. Gray
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Crossosomataceae
|distribution=w;c United States;Mexico
|reference=None
|publication title=Smithsonian Contr. Knowl.
|publication year=1853
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V9/V9_16.xml
|genus=Glossopetalon
|adaxial surface course=curved
|adaxial surface prior-to-dehiscence=contorted
|adaxial suture pubescence or texture=cartilaginous
|adaxial suture size or width=narrow
|apex architecture or shape=beaked
|apex coloration or pubescence or relief=striate
|apex pubescence=puberulent;,;glabrous
|apex tip shape=mucronate;blunt;sharply pointed
|aril coloration=white
|aril shape=fimbrillate;discoid
|bark coloration=gray;dark gray pale-yellow or dark-brown
|base coloration=darkened
|base shape=tapered;angled;decurrent
|base size or width=glandular-thickened
|blade shape=narrowly elliptic;oblanceolate
|branch arrangement=divaricate
|branch orientation=ascending
|carpel architecture=sessile
|carpel atypical quantity=1;3
|carpel fusion=distinct
|carpel quantity=1
|filament length or size=longer
|filament variability=equal
|flower architecture=2-3-flowered
|flower architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary
|flower arrangement=cluster
|follicle atypical quantity=1;3
|follicle quantity=1
|follicle shape=asymmetrically ovoid;obovoid or ellipsoid turgid or slightly angular-flattened
|hypanthium architecture=lined
|inflorescence position=axillary;terminal
|keel position=low
|leaf arrangement=alternate
|margin architecture or shape=entire
|margin coloration=hyaline
|margin pubescence=glabrous;glaucous
|midvein coloration or relief=punctate
|midvein prominence=obscure;apparent
|midvein pubescence=puberulent;glabrous;glaucous
|nectar disc shape=lobed
|nectar disc texture=fleshy
|patch coloration=black
|pedicel height or length or size=short
|petal architecture=twisted
|petal atypical quantity=5;6
|petal coloration=white
|petal duration=persistent
|petal quantity=3;5
|petal shape=narrowly elliptic-oblanceolate;oblanceolate
|petal some measurement=2mm;9mm
|petiole duration=persistent
|petiole height or length or size=short
|ridge position=proximal
|ridge shape=decurrent
|ridge width=fine;fine
|seed coloration=cream;brownish white;yellowish;tan
|seed quantity=2;1
|seed reflectance=shiny
|seed relief=pitted;smooth
|seed shape=reniform;spheric
|sepal atypical quantity=5;6
|sepal quantity=3;5
|sepal shape=not cucullate;concave;ovate;nearly circular
|series quantity=1;2
|stamen quantity=4;10
|stem architecture=branched
|stigma architecture or shape=capitate
|stigma orientation or shape=oblique
|stipule presence=absent
|stipule shape=triangular;subulate or filiform
|stipule size=small
|twig coloration=yellowish-brown;orangish brown
|twig coloration or relief=punctate
|twig pubescence=puberulent;glabrous
|vein prominence=prominent
|whole_organism growth form=shrub
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Crossosomataceae]]