View source for Gomphrena

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Gomphrena
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 224. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 105. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Amaranthaceae;Gomphrena
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Amaranthaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Gomphrena]]</div></div>
|etymology=Latin gromphaena, a type of amaranth
|volume=Volume 4
|mention_page=page 406
|treatment_page=page 451
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form"><b>Herbs,</b> annual or perennial.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem orientation;stem growth form or orientation;stem orientation;stem orientation;stem orientation;stem orientation"><b>Stems </b>ascending, decumbent, prostrate, or erect.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf arrangement;leaf architecture;leaf architecture"><b>Leaves </b>opposite, sessile or petiolate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="blade shape;blade texture;margin architecture or shape;margin pubescence">blade ovate to obovate, not fleshy, margins entire, long-pilose abaxially and sometimes adaxially.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="inflorescence position;inflorescence position;inflorescence architecture;head shape;leaf architecture"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal and/or axillary, sessile, subglobose heads, often subtended by involucres of sessile leaves;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="bract width;bracteole width">bracts and bracteoles thin.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="flower reproduction"><b>Flowers </b>bisexual;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="tepal quantity;tepal fusion">tepals 5, connate proximally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="stamen quantity">stamens 5;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="filament fusion">filaments connate basally into tube;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="pseudostaminode presence">pseudostaminodes absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="ovule quantity">ovule 1;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="style quantity;style some measurement">style 1, 1.5–4 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="stigma atypical quantity;stigma quantity;stigma shape;stigma shape">stigmas 2 (–3), subulate or filiform.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="utricle coloration;utricle shape;utricle shape;utricle shape;utricle texture;utricle dehiscence"><b>Utricles </b>included in tepals, stramineous, ovoid or oblong, somewhat compressed, membranous, usually indehiscent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="seed quantity;seed shape;seed shape;seed shape;seed architecture or pubescence or relief"><b>Seeds </b>1, lenticular, subglobose, to ovoid, smooth.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Tropical;subtropical;and warm-temperate regions
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 100 (9 in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=holzhammer1955a
|text=Holzhammer, E. 1955. Die amerikanischen Arten der Gattung Gomphrena Linné. I. Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 2: 85–114.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=holzhammer1956a
|text=Holzhammer, E. 1956. Die amerikanischen Arten der Gattung Gomphrena Linné. II. Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 2: 178–257.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Bractlets not cristate
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Bractlets cristate along keel
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Plants cespitose 3-15 cm; stems with 1-2 pairs of leaves
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Plants not cespitose, 4-60 cm; each stem bearing numerous leaves
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaf blades green, very sparsely villose, glabrate; blades of cauline leaves longer than broad
|[[Gomphrena viridis|Gomphrena viridis]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaf blades gray, densely villose; blades of cauline leaves as broad as long
|[[Gomphrena caespitosa|Gomphrena caespitosa]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Flower tubes glabrous; inflorescence heads not subtended by 2 leaves
|[[Gomphrena martiana|Gomphrena martiana]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Flower tubes lanose proximally; inflorescence heads subtended by 2 leaves
|[[Gomphrena sonorae|Gomphrena sonorae]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Roots fleshy, fusiform; plants perennial
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Roots fibrous; plants annual or sometimes perennial (G. serrata)
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Leaf blades 1.5-4 cm, apex rounded; perianth 4.5-4.7 mm
|[[Gomphrena nealleyi|Gomphrena nealleyi]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Leaf blades 3-10 cm, apex acute to acuminate; perianth ca. 5.3 mm
|[[Gomphrena haageana|Gomphrena haageana]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Inflorescence heads 20-28 mm diam
|[[Gomphrena globosa|Gomphrena globosa]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Inflorescence heads 8-16 mm diam
|[[#key-0-8| > 8]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Bractlets with denticulate crests; inflorescence heads 9-13 mm diam., usually tinged with red or pink; stems usually decumbent
|[[Gomphrena serrata|Gomphrena serrata]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Bractlets with laciniate crests; inflorescence heads 12-16 mm diam, yellowish white, rarely reddish; stems usually erect
|[[Gomphrena nitida|Gomphrena nitida]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Gomphrena
|author=Steven E. Clemants
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Amaranthaceae
|distribution=Tropical;subtropical;and warm-temperate regions
|reference=holzhammer1955a;holzhammer1956a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V4/V4_888.xml
|genus=Gomphrena
|blade shape=ovate;obovate
|blade texture=not fleshy
|bract width=thin
|bracteole width=thin
|filament fusion=connate
|flower reproduction=bisexual
|head shape=subglobose
|inflorescence architecture=sessile
|inflorescence position=axillary;terminal
|leaf architecture=sessile;petiolate;sessile
|leaf arrangement=opposite
|margin architecture or shape=entire
|margin pubescence=long-pilose
|ovule quantity=1
|pseudostaminode presence=absent
|seed architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|seed quantity=1
|seed shape=subglobose;ovoid
|stamen quantity=5
|stem growth form or orientation=decumbent
|stem orientation=erect;prostrate;erect;prostrate;ascending
|stigma atypical quantity=2;3
|stigma quantity=2
|stigma shape=filiform;subulate
|style quantity=1
|style some measurement=1.5mm;4mm
|tepal fusion=connate
|tepal quantity=5
|utricle coloration=stramineous
|utricle dehiscence=indehiscent
|utricle shape=compressed;oblong;ovoid
|utricle texture=membranous
|whole_organism duration=perennial;annual
|whole_organism growth form=herb
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Amaranthaceae]]