View source for Habenaria

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Habenaria
|accepted_authority=Willdenow
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=4(1): 5, 44. 1805
|year=1805
}}
|common_names=Rein orchid
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Orchidaceae;Orchidaceae subfam. Orchidoideae;Orchidaceae tribe Orchideae;Orchidaceae (tribe Orchideae) subtribe Habenariinae;Habenaria
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Orchidaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Orchidaceae subfam. Orchidoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Orchidaceae tribe Orchideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Orchidaceae (tribe Orchideae) subtribe Habenariinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Habenaria]]</div></div>
|etymology=Latin habena, rein or strap
|volume=Volume 26
|mention_page=page 497, 570
|treatment_page=page 581
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism habitat;whole_organism habitat;whole_organism texture;whole_organism growth form"><b>Herbs </b>perennial, terrestrial or semiaquatic, often rather succulent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="root arrangement;root size;root architecture;root texture"><b>Roots </b>scattered along basal portion of stem, both slender and tuberous, fleshy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="tuberoid shape">tuberoids usually spheroid.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf position;leaf size;inflorescence arrangement;inflorescence size"><b>Stems:</b> leaves basal, abruptly reduced to bracts or scattered, gradually reduced toward inflorescence.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf quantity;leaf arrangement;leaf orientation;leaf arrangement or vernation;stem architecture or shape"><b>Leaves </b>several, alternate, ascending to spreading, conduplicate, bases sheathing stem.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;inflorescence architecture or arrangement;raceme density;raceme architecture"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal, lax to rather dense spicate racemes;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="bract size;bract architecture;bract size">bracts large and foliaceous to reduced.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="flower quantity;flower orientation;flower architecture;flower prominence"><b>Flowers </b>few-to-many, resupinate, pedicellate, sometimes showy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="petal shape">petals 2-lobed, lateral lobe on abaxial margin;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="lip shape;lip architecture or shape">lip 3-lobed, spurred at base;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="pollinarium quantity">pollinaria 2;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="pollinium quantity">pollinia 2;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="viscidium fusion">viscidia free;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="process quantity;process texture;mouth position relational">stigma with 2 fleshy processes flanking or encircling mouth of spur.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="fruits capsule shape"><b>Fruits </b>capsules, ellipsoid.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Pantropical
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 600 (4 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>A recently identified species, Habenaria macroceratitis, is described but not fully treated here.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Lateral lobes of lip and petals greatly reduced; lip hastate-auriculate; petals auriculate on abaxial margin.
|[[Habenaria odontopetala|Habenaria odontopetala]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Lateral lobes of lip and petals prominently filiform, nearly equal to or exceeding other lobes; lip conspicuously 3-lobed; petals conspicuously 2-lobed.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Spur more than 4 cm (often much more).
|[[Habenaria quinqueseta|Habenaria quinqueseta]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Spur at most 2 cm (often much shorter).
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaves basal, spreading, broadly elliptic to ovate or obovate; spur slenderly clavate.
|[[Habenaria distans|Habenaria distans]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaves scattered along length of stem, ascending, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, narrowly elliptic, or oblanceolate; spur slenderly cylindric to scarcely clavate.
|[[Habenaria repens|Habenaria repens]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Habenaria
|author=Charles J. Sheviak
|authority=Willdenow
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subtribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Orchidaceae
|distribution=Pantropical
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1805
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V26/V26_1186.xml
|subfamily=Orchidaceae subfam. Orchidoideae
|tribe=Orchidaceae tribe Orchideae
|subtribe=Orchidaceae (tribe Orchideae) subtribe Habenariinae
|genus=Habenaria
|bract architecture=foliaceous
|bract size=reduced;large
|flower architecture=pedicellate
|flower orientation=resupinate
|flower prominence=showy
|flower quantity=few;many
|fruits capsule shape=ellipsoid
|inflorescence architecture or arrangement=lax
|inflorescence arrangement=scattered
|inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal
|inflorescence size=reduced
|leaf arrangement=alternate
|leaf arrangement or vernation=conduplicate
|leaf orientation=ascending;spreading
|leaf position=basal
|leaf quantity=several
|leaf size=reduced
|lip architecture or shape=spurred
|lip shape=3-lobed
|mouth position relational=encircling
|petal shape=2-lobed
|pollinarium quantity=2
|pollinium quantity=2
|process quantity=2
|process texture=fleshy
|raceme architecture=spicate
|raceme density=dense
|root architecture=tuberous
|root arrangement=scattered
|root size=slender
|root texture=fleshy
|stem architecture or shape=sheathing
|tuberoid shape=spheroid
|viscidium fusion=free
|whole_organism duration=perennial
|whole_organism growth form=herb
|whole_organism habitat=semiaquatic;terrestrial
|whole_organism texture=succulent
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Orchidaceae (tribe Orchideae) subtribe Habenariinae]]