View source for Halophila

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Halophila
|accepted_authority=Thouars
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Genera Nova Madagascariensia
|place=2. 1806
|year=1806
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Hydrocharitaceae;Halophila
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Hydrocharitaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Halophila]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek halo, sea, and philein, to love
|volume=Volume 22
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism growth form"><b>Plants </b>of marine waters.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="rhizome presence"><b>Rhizomes </b>present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="branch architecture;branch orientation">leaf-bearing branches arising from rhizome at each node;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="stolon presence">stolons absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="stem orientation;stem presence;stem architecture;stem architecture;stem height or length or size"><b>Erect </b>stems, if present, rooted in substrate, unbranched, short;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="scale quantity;scale position;scale position">scales 2, midway or higher on stem.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="leaf quantity;terminal pseudowhorl location;terminal pseudowhorl architecture;terminal pseudowhorl architecture"><b>Leaves </b>2–8, terminal pairs or pseudowhorls [distichous], submersed, sessile or petiolate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="blade shape;base shape">blade linear to ovate, base tapering to stem;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="apex shape">apex obtuse;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="">midvein without lacunae along side (s), blade uniform in color throughout;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="blade coloration;blade position">abaxial surfacely without prickles;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="intravaginal squamule architecture or shape">intravaginal squamules entire.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture"><b>Inflorescences </b>1-flowered or cymose, sessile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="spathe architecture">spathes not winged.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="flower reproduction;flower architecture;flower architecture;plant location;plant architecture;plant architecture;plant architecture"><b>Flowers </b>unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same plants or on different plants, submersed, sessile, nearly sessile (pistillate), or pedicellate (staminate);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="petal presence">petals absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="flower architecture;filament fusion"><b>Staminate </b>flowers: filaments distinct;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="flower architecture;anther shape">anthers linear to fusiform;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="flower architecture;chain shape">pollen in moniliform chains.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="flower architecture;ovary architecture or structure in adjective form"><b>Pistillate </b>flowers: ovary 1-locular;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="flower architecture;style quantity;style shape">styles 3–5, not 2-fid.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="fruit shape;fruit architecture or pubescence or relief;fruit shape;fruit architecture;fruit dehiscence"><b>Fruits </b>ovoid to spheric, smooth or ridged, not echinate, dehiscing by decay of pericarp.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="seed shape;seed shape;seed architecture"><b>Seeds </b>spheric or nearly so, echinate to reticulate.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Central America;South America;s Europe;Asia;Africa;Australia
|discussion=<p>Halophila baillonis Ascherson ex Dickie has been listed for the Florida Keys (R. K. Godfrey and J. W. Wooten 1979), but that species is restricted to areas south of the Keys (C. den Hartog 1970; N. J. Eiseman and C. McMillan 1980).</p><!--
--><p>In addition to the three species treated here, three additional ones, Halophila aschersonii Ostenfeld, H. baillonis Ascherson ex Dickie, and H. hawaiiana Doty & Stone, have been credited to North America. These represent two taxa, neither of which approaches North America. Halophila baillonis occurs in the Caribbean Sea, and H. aschersonii is a synonym of that species. Halophila hawaiiana grows in the eastern Pacific Ocean and is known in the United States only from the Hawaiian Islands.</p><!--
--><p>Species 10 (3 in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=doty1967a
|text=Doty, M. S. and B. C. Stone. 1967. Typification for the generic name Halophila Thouars. Taxon 16: 414--418.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=eiseman1980a
|text=Eiseman, N. J. and C. McMillan. 1980. A new species of seagrass, Halophila johnsonii, from the Atlantic coast of Florida. Aquatic Bot. 9: 15--19.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=hartog1959a
|text=Hartog, C. den. 1959. A key to the species of Halophila (Hydrocharitaceae), with descriptions of the American species. Acta Bot. Neerl. 8: 484--489.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=sachet1973a
|text=Sachet, M.-H. and F. R. Fosberg. 1973. Remarks on Halophila (Hydrocharitaceae). Taxon 22: 439--443.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=short1984a
|text=Short, F. T. and M. L. Cambridge. 1984. Male flowers of Halophila engelmanii: Description and flowering ecology. Aquatic Bot. 18: 413--416.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Erect stems apparent; rhizome with 2 scales on rhizome at each node, erect stem with 2 scales on erect stem near middle; leaves in pseudowhorl at apex of erect shoot.
|[[Halophila engelmannii|Halophila engelmannii]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Erect stems very short to absent; 2 scales on rhizome at each node; leaves apparently attached to rhizome.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Blade linear-lanceolate, margins entire, glabrous; staminate and pistillate flowers on different plants.
|[[Halophila johnsonii|Halophila johnsonii]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Blade oblong-elliptic, margins serrulate, pubescent; staminate and pistillate flowers on same plants.
|[[Halophila decipiens|Halophila decipiens]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Halophila
|authority=Thouars
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Hydrocharitaceae
|distribution=North America;Central America;South America;s Europe;Asia;Africa;Australia
|reference=doty1967a;eiseman1980a;hartog1959a;sachet1973a;short1984a
|publication title=Genera Nova Madagascariensia
|publication year=1806
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/62857cf6bca5c4637d27b113da92d27dbf9962f4/V22/V22_125.xml
|genus=Halophila
|anther shape=linear;fusiform
|apex shape=obtuse
|base shape=tapering
|blade coloration=uniform
|blade position=abaxial
|blade shape=linear;ovate
|branch architecture=leaf-bearing
|branch orientation=arising
|chain shape=moniliform
|filament fusion=distinct
|flower architecture=pistillate;pistillate;staminate;staminate;staminate;pistillate;staminate
|flower reproduction=unisexual
|fruit architecture=not echinate
|fruit architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|fruit dehiscence=dehiscing
|fruit shape=ridged;ovoid;spheric
|inflorescence architecture=sessile;cymose;1-flowered
|intravaginal squamule architecture or shape=entire
|leaf quantity=2;8
|ovary architecture or structure in adjective form=1-locular
|petal presence=absent
|plant architecture=pedicellate;sessile;sessile
|plant location=submersed
|rhizome presence=absent
|scale position=higher;midway
|scale quantity=2
|seed architecture=echinate;reticulate
|seed shape=nearly;spheric
|spathe architecture=not winged
|stem architecture=unbranched;rooted
|stem height or length or size=short
|stem orientation=erect
|stem presence=absent
|stolon presence=absent
|style quantity=3;5
|style shape=not 2-fid
|terminal pseudowhorl architecture=petiolate;sessile
|terminal pseudowhorl location=submersed
|whole_organism growth form=plant
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Hydrocharitaceae]]