View source for Herniaria

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Herniaria
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 218. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 103. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Rupturewort;herniary;herniaire
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Caryophyllaceae;Caryophyllaceae subfam. Paronychioideae;Herniaria
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Caryophyllaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Caryophyllaceae subfam. Paronychioideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Herniaria]]</div></div>
|etymology=Latin hernia, rupture, and -aria, pertaining to, alluding to use in treatment of hernias
|volume=Volume 5
|mention_page=page 4, 5, 29, 31
|treatment_page=page 43
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form"><b>Herbs,</b> annual, biennial, or perennial.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="taproot size"><b>Taproots </b>slender.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem orientation;stem orientation;stem growth form or orientation;stem architecture;stem growth form;stem shape"><b>Stems </b>ascending or spreading to often prostrate, much-branched from base, mat-forming, terete.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf arrangement;distalmost leaf arrangement;distalmost leaf fusion;distalmost leaf architecture;distalmost leaf architecture;stipule arrangement"><b>Leaves </b>opposite, or distalmost alternate (from reduction of 1 member of a pair), connate by a line of tissue between adjacent stipules, sessile or virtually so;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="stipule quantity;stipule prominence;stipule coloration;stipule shape;margin architecture or pubescence or shape;apex shape">stipules 2 per node, inconspicuous, white, ovate to deltate, margins ciliate, apex acute;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade architecture;blade shape;blade texture;apex shape">blade 1-veined, oblanceolate to elliptic or suborbiculate, not succulent, apex acute to rounded.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="cyme arrangement or growth form;lateral branch height or length or size"><b>Inflorescences </b>densely clustered cymes usually on short lateral branches opposite a leaf;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="bract arrangement;bract size">bracts paired, resembling stipules, smaller.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="flower architecture"><b>Pedicels:</b> flowers sessile.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="hypanthium shape;hypanthium size"><b>Flowers:</b> hypanthium cupshaped, not abruptly expanded distally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="sepal quantity;sepal fusion;sepal coloration;sepal shape;sepal some measurement;sepal growth form or texture;margin coloration;margin growth form or texture;apex shape;apex architecture;apex architecture or shape">sepals 5, distinct, greenish to whitish green, lanceolate to oblong, 0.5–1.5 mm, herbaceous, margins green, herbaceous, apex acute to subobtuse, not hooded, not awned;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="">nectaries near inner surface of filament bases;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="stamen atypical quantity;stamen quantity">stamens (2–) 4–5;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="filament fusion">filaments distinct;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="staminode quantity;staminode orientation;staminode shape;staminode prominence">staminodes 5, arising from hypanthium rim, subulate-filiform, inconspicuous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="style quantity;style fusion;style shape;style some measurement;style pubescence">styles 2, connate in proximal 1/3, filiform, 0.1–0.4 mm, glabrous proximally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="stigma quantity;stigma arrangement or course or shape;stigma relief;stigma quantity">stigmas 2, linear along adaxial surfaces of style-branches, papillate (100×).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties=""><b>Utricles </b>at least partly enclosed by hypanthium, opening irregularly.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="seed coloration;seed coloration;seed shape;seed shape;seed reflectance;seed architecture or pubescence or relief;marginal wing presence;appendage presence"><b>Seeds </b>dark-brown or black, ovoid to lenticular, slightly laterally compressed, shiny, smooth, marginal wing absent, appendage absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="">embryo peripheral, curved.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="embryo position;embryo course;x chromosome quantity">x = 9.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=South America (Andes);Europe;c;w Asia;Africa;elsewhere
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 45 (2 in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=akeroyd1993a
|text=Akeroyd, J. R. 1993. Herniaria. In: T. G. Tutin et al., eds. 1993+. Flora Europaea, ed. 2. 1+ vol. Cambridge and New York. Vol. 1, pp. 182–184.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=hermann1937a
|text=Hermann, F. 1937. Übersicht über die Herniaria-Arten des Berliner Herbars. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42: 203–224.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=williams1896b
|text=Williams, F. N. 1896. A revision of the genus Herniaria. Bull. Herb. Boissier 4: 556–570.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Flowers glabrous or minutely ciliate; leaf blades glabrous or sometimes minutely ciliate; plants green, glabrous or pubescent
|[[Herniaria glabra|Herniaria glabra]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Flowers densely pubescent; leaf blades hirsute or ciliate; plants gray-green, densely pubescent
|[[Herniaria hirsuta|Herniaria hirsuta]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Herniaria
|author=John W. Thieret;Ronald L. Hartman;Richard K. Rabeler
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subfamily
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Caryophyllaceae
|illustrator=Barbara Alongi
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=South America (Andes);Europe;c;w Asia;Africa;elsewhere
|introduced=true
|reference=akeroyd1993a;hermann1937a;williams1896b
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V5/V5_85.xml
|subfamily=Caryophyllaceae subfam. Paronychioideae
|genus=Herniaria
|apex architecture=not hooded
|apex architecture or shape=not awned
|apex shape=acute;subobtuse
|appendage presence=absent
|blade architecture=1-veined
|blade shape=oblanceolate;elliptic or suborbiculate
|blade texture=not succulent
|bract arrangement=paired
|bract size=smaller
|cyme arrangement or growth form=clustered
|distalmost leaf architecture=virtually;sessile
|distalmost leaf arrangement=alternate
|distalmost leaf fusion=connate
|embryo course=curved
|embryo position=peripheral
|filament fusion=distinct
|flower architecture=sessile
|hypanthium shape=cup-shaped
|hypanthium size=expanded
|lateral branch height or length or size=short
|leaf arrangement=opposite
|margin architecture or pubescence or shape=ciliate
|margin coloration=green
|margin growth form or texture=herbaceous
|marginal wing presence=absent
|seed architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|seed coloration=black;dark-brown
|seed reflectance=shiny
|seed shape=compressed;ovoid;lenticular
|sepal coloration=greenish;whitish green
|sepal fusion=distinct
|sepal growth form or texture=herbaceous
|sepal quantity=5
|sepal shape=lanceolate;oblong
|sepal some measurement=0.5mm;1.5mm
|stamen atypical quantity=2;4
|stamen quantity=4;5
|staminode orientation=arising
|staminode prominence=inconspicuous
|staminode quantity=5
|staminode shape=subulate-filiform
|stem architecture=much-branched
|stem growth form=mat-forming
|stem growth form or orientation=prostrate
|stem orientation=spreading;ascending
|stem shape=terete
|stigma arrangement or course or shape=linear
|stigma quantity=[100;2
|stigma relief=papillate
|stipule arrangement=adjacent
|stipule coloration=white
|stipule prominence=inconspicuous
|stipule quantity=2
|stipule shape=ovate;deltate
|style fusion=connate
|style pubescence=glabrous
|style quantity=2
|style shape=filiform
|style some measurement=0.1mm;0.4mm
|taproot size=slender
|whole_organism duration=perennial;biennial;perennial;biennial;annual
|whole_organism growth form=herb
|x chromosome quantity=9
}}<!--

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