View source for Homomallium

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Homomallium
|accepted_authority=(Schimper) Loeske
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Hedwigia
|place=46: 314. 1907
|year=1907
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Hypnum subg. Homomallium
|authority=Schimper
|rank=subgenus
|publication_title=Syn. Musc. Eur.,
|publication_place=616. 1860
}}
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Hypnaceae;Homomallium
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Hypnaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Homomallium]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek homos, similar, and mallos, wool, thus bending to one side, alluding to leaves slightly and uniformly curved
|volume=Volume 28
|mention_page=page 516, 530, 531, 558, 644
|treatment_page=page 529
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism size;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism reflectance;whole_organism reflectance;whole_organism growth form;mat density;mat prominence or shape"><b>Plants </b>medium-sized, in dense, flat mats, dark green, brownish, or yellowish, glossy or somewhat shiny.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem growth form or orientation;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>creeping, irregularly branched;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="hyalodermi presence;central strand presence">hyalodermis absent, central strand absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="pseudoparaphyllium architecture">pseudoparaphyllia foliose.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="stem orientation;stem orientation;stem shape;stem architecture or arrangement or shape or vernation;branch leaf orientation;branch leaf shape;branch leaf architecture or arrangement or shape or vernation"><b>Stem </b>and branch leaves similar, erect-spreading or homomallous, oblong-ovate, not plicate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="base shape">base not decurrent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="margin orientation;margin orientation;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape">margins erect or occasionally reflexed proximally, entire or serrulate distally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="apex shape;apex shape;apex shape">apex abruptly acuminate, subulate or not;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="">costa double and short or ecostate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="costa height or length or size;costa height or length or size;cell variability;cell shape;cell shape">alar cells differentiated, quadrate or quadrate-rectangular;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="laminal cell architecture or pubescence or relief">laminal cells smooth;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="">distal cells ca. 4–6: 1.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="axillary cluster reproduction;axillary cluster density;brood height or length or size;branch height or length or size"><b>Specialized </b>asexual reproduction by dense axillary clusters of short brood branches.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="distal cell quantity;distal cell quantity;distal cell development;distal cell reproduction;distal cell reproduction"><b>Sexual </b>condition autoicous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="perichaetial leaf orientation;perichaetial leaf shape;apex shape">perichaetial leaves erect, oblong, apex acuminate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="seta coloration;seta coloration;seta coloration;seta coloration;seta coloration"><b>Seta </b>yellow-orange, red, or purple.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="capsule orientation;capsule shape;capsule architecture or shape;capsule course or shape;capsule condition or size"><b>Capsule </b>inclined to horizontal, oblong-cylindric, asymmetric, arcuate, contracted below mouth;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="annulus architecture or arrangement;annulus architecture or arrangement;annulus duration;cell size">annulus 1-seriate or 2-seriate, deciduous, cells large;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="operculum shape;operculum shape">operculum convex-conic, apiculate to short-rostrate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="">peristome double;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="exostome tooth relief;external surface pubescence">exostome teeth with external surface cross-striolate basally, papillose distally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="basal membrane fusion;segment shape;cilium quantity;cilium quantity;cilium shape">endostome basal membrane distinct, segments keeled, cilia 1 or 2, nodulose.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="calyptra architecture"><b>Calyptra </b>naked.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="spore shape;spore relief"><b>Spores </b>round, smooth to minutely papillose.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Asia;Australia
|discussion=<p>Species 13 (3 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Homomallium is a medium-sized moss that lacks the characteristic secund leaves and longer cells found in other hypnaceous mosses. The genus is distinguished from closely related genera by its short leaves with smooth, shortly rhomboidal distal laminal cells, numerous quadrate alar cells, and inclined-horizontal capsules with a well-developed peristome. The plants are closely appressed to the substrate; the stem has small, thick-walled epidermal cells and sparse, 1–3-celled axillary hairs; the seta is flexuose; the capsule stomata are limited to the urn base; the exostome teeth are yellow or orange; the endostome segments are hyaline and papillose; and the spores are yellow to yellow-brown. Homomallium sharpii Ando & Higuchi of Mexico may eventually be found in the flora area (see under 1. H. adnatum).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves erect or slightly homomallous, not falcate-secund.
|[[Homomallium adnatum|Homomallium adnatum]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves erect to spreading, homomallous to slightly secund
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaf apices subulate; distal laminal cell walls thin; setae reddish.
|[[Homomallium incurvatum|Homomallium incurvatum]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaf apices not subulate; distal laminal cell walls thick; setae yellow-orange.
|[[Homomallium mexicanum|Homomallium mexicanum]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Homomallium
|author=Steven G. Newmaster
|authority=(Schimper) Loeske
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=Hypnum subg. Homomallium
|family=Hypnaceae
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Asia;Australia
|reference=None
|publication title=Hedwigia
|publication year=1907
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V28/V28_820.xml
|genus=Homomallium
|annulus architecture or arrangement=2-seriate;1-seriate
|annulus duration=deciduous
|apex shape=acuminate;not;subulate;acuminate
|axillary cluster density=dense
|axillary cluster reproduction=asexual
|basal membrane fusion=distinct
|base shape=not decurrent
|branch height or length or size=short
|branch leaf architecture or arrangement or shape or vernation=not plicate
|branch leaf orientation=erect-spreading
|branch leaf shape=oblong-ovate
|brood height or length or size=short
|calyptra architecture=naked
|capsule architecture or shape=asymmetric
|capsule condition or size=contracted
|capsule course or shape=arcuate
|capsule orientation=inclined;horizontal
|capsule shape=oblong-cylindric
|cell shape=quadrate-rectangular;quadrate
|cell size=large
|cell variability=differentiated
|central strand presence=absent
|cilium quantity=2;1
|cilium shape=nodulose
|costa height or length or size=ecostate;short
|distal cell development=specialized
|distal cell quantity=1;4;6
|distal cell reproduction=autoicous;sexual
|exostome tooth relief=papillose
|external surface pubescence=cross-striolate
|hyalodermi presence=absent
|laminal cell architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|margin architecture or shape=serrulate;entire
|margin orientation=reflexed;erect
|mat density=dense
|mat prominence or shape=flat
|operculum shape=apiculate;short-rostrate
|perichaetial leaf orientation=erect
|perichaetial leaf shape=oblong
|pseudoparaphyllium architecture=foliose
|segment shape=keeled
|seta coloration=purple;red;purple;red;yellow-orange
|spore relief=smooth;minutely papillose
|spore shape=round
|stem architecture=branched
|stem architecture or arrangement or shape or vernation=not plicate
|stem growth form or orientation=creeping
|stem orientation=homomallous;erect-spreading
|stem shape=oblong-ovate
|whole_organism coloration=yellowish;brownish;yellowish;brownish;dark green
|whole_organism growth form=plant
|whole_organism reflectance=shiny;glossy
|whole_organism size=medium-sized
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Hypnaceae]]