View source for Honckenya

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Honckenya
|accepted_authority=Ehrhart
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Neues Mag. Aerzte
|place=5: 206. 1783
|year=1783
}}
|common_names=Seaside sandwort;sea purslane
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Adenarium
|authority=Rafinesque
|rank=genus
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Ammonalia
|authority=Desvaux
|rank=genus
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Halianthus
|authority=Fries
|rank=genus
}}
|hierarchy=Caryophyllaceae;Caryophyllaceae subfam. Alsinoideae;Honckenya
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Caryophyllaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Caryophyllaceae subfam. Alsinoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Honckenya]]</div></div>
|etymology=for Gerhard August Honckeny, 1724–1805, German botanist
|volume=Volume 5
|mention_page=page 7, 139
|treatment_page=page 137
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form;mat size;clump size;rhizome architecture"><b>Herbs,</b> perennial, forming large mats or clumps by leafy rhizomes;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="rhizome texture;nodal bud prominence;leaf size;leaf texture">rhizomes fleshy, often with prominent nodal buds and small membranous leaves.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="taproot size"><b>Taproots </b>slender.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="stem orientation or growth form;flowering-stem orientation;flowering-stem orientation;flowering-stem architecture;flowering-stem architecture;flowering-stem shape;flowering-stem shape"><b>Stems </b>prostrate to decumbent, flowering-stems ascending or weakly erect, simple or branched, terete or weakly 4-angled.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf fusion;leaf architecture"><b>Leaves </b>not basally connate, sessile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade architecture;blade architecture;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade texture;apex shape">blade 1-veined or obscurely so, usually elliptic to ovate, less commonly lanceolate to oblanceolate, obovate, or broadly elliptic, succulent, apex acute to acuminate or apiculate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture;cyme architecture;axillary flower architecture or arrangement or growth form"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal, open, leafy, 1–6-flowered cymes or axillary and flowers solitary;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="bract arrangement;bract architecture">bracts paired, foliaceous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="pedicel orientation"><b>Pedicels </b>erect.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="flower reproduction;flower reproduction;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism growth form"><b>Flowers </b>functionally unisexual or, occasionally, staminate plants also with some bisexual;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="perianth position;androecium position">perianth and androecium subperigynous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="">hypanthium minimal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="sepal atypical quantity;sepal quantity;sepal fusion;sepal coloration;sepal shape;sepal some measurement;sepal growth form or texture;margin coloration;margin texture;apex shape;apex shape;apex architecture or shape;apex architecture">sepals 5 (–6), distinct, green, narrowly ovate to elliptic, 3.5–7 mm, herbaceous, margins pale, scarious, apex obtuse or acute to apiculate, not hooded;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="petal presence;petal atypical quantity;petal quantity;petal coloration;base shape;blade apex architecture or shape">petals absent or 5 (–6), white, base clawed, blade apex emarginate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="sepal arrangement;sepal size;side size;flower architecture">nectaries at base of filaments opposite sepals enlarged on both sides of filament, slightly reduced in pistillate flowers;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="stamen quantity;stamen reproduction;stamen development;flower architecture;flower quantity;flower architecture;flower orientation;hypanthium disc duration or size">stamens 10, fertile in staminate flowers, fewer or abortive in pistillate flowers, arising from rim of very brief hypanthium disc;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="filament fusion">filaments distinct;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="staminode presence">staminodes absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="style atypical quantity;style atypical quantity;style quantity;style shape;style some measurement;style height or length or size;style orientation;style pubescence;flower architecture">styles (2–) 3–5 (–6), filiform, 1–2 mm, shorter and erect in staminate flowers, glabrous proximally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="stigma atypical quantity;stigma atypical quantity;stigma quantity;stigma arrangement or course or shape;stigma relief;stigma quantity">stigmas (2–) 3–5 (–6), linear along adaxial surface of styles, minutely papillate (30×).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="capsule shape;capsule shape;valve quantity;valve orientation"><b>Capsules </b>globose, inflated, opening by 3 spreading valves;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="carpophore presence">carpophore absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="seed quantity;seed coloration;seed shape;seed shape;seed relief;marginal wing presence"><b>Seeds </b>3–15, reddish-brown to dark reddish or yellowish-brown, narrowly to broadly obovate, laterally compressed, smooth to minutely papillate, marginal wing absent, appendage absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s23" data-properties="appendage presence;x chromosome quantity">x = 15.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Temperate and arctic North America;n Eurasia
|discussion=<p>Species 1.</p><!--
--><p>The resemblance in habit between Honckenya and Wilhelmsia previously presumed to represent convergence has proven to indicate a close relationship based on recent molecular studies (M. Nepokroeff et al., unpubl.).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Honckenya
|author=Warren L. Wagner
|authority=Ehrhart
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subfamily
|synonyms=Adenarium;Ammonalia;Halianthus
|basionyms=
|family=Caryophyllaceae
|illustrator=Bee F. Gunn
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=Temperate and arctic North America;n Eurasia
|reference=None
|publication title=Neues Mag. Aerzte
|publication year=1783
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V5/V5_282.xml
|subfamily=Caryophyllaceae subfam. Alsinoideae
|genus=Honckenya
|androecium position=subperigynous
|apex architecture=not hooded
|apex architecture or shape=apiculate
|apex shape=acute;obtuse;acute;acuminate or apiculate
|appendage presence=absent
|axillary flower architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary
|base shape=clawed
|blade apex architecture or shape=emarginate
|blade architecture=obscurely;1-veined
|blade shape=less commonly lanceolate;oblanceolate obovate or broadly elliptic
|blade texture=succulent
|bract architecture=foliaceous
|bract arrangement=paired
|capsule shape=inflated;globose
|carpophore presence=absent
|clump size=large
|cyme architecture=1-6-flowered
|filament fusion=distinct
|flower architecture=staminate;pistillate;staminate;pistillate
|flower orientation=arising
|flower quantity=fewer
|flower reproduction=,;unisexual
|flowering-stem architecture=branched;simple
|flowering-stem orientation=erect;ascending
|flowering-stem shape=4-angled;terete
|hypanthium disc duration or size=brief
|inflorescence architecture=leafy;open
|inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal
|leaf architecture=sessile
|leaf fusion=connate
|leaf size=small
|leaf texture=membranous
|margin coloration=pale
|margin texture=scarious
|marginal wing presence=absent
|mat size=large
|nodal bud prominence=prominent
|pedicel orientation=erect
|perianth position=subperigynous
|petal atypical quantity=5;6
|petal coloration=white
|petal presence=absent
|petal quantity=5
|rhizome architecture=leafy
|rhizome texture=fleshy
|seed coloration=reddish-brown;dark reddish or yellowish-brown
|seed quantity=3;15
|seed relief=smooth;minutely papillate
|seed shape=compressed;obovate
|sepal arrangement=opposite
|sepal atypical quantity=5;6
|sepal coloration=green
|sepal fusion=distinct
|sepal growth form or texture=herbaceous
|sepal quantity=5
|sepal shape=narrowly ovate;elliptic
|sepal size=enlarged
|sepal some measurement=3.5mm;7mm
|side size=reduced
|stamen development=abortive
|stamen quantity=10
|stamen reproduction=fertile
|staminode presence=absent
|stem orientation or growth form=prostrate to decumbent
|stigma arrangement or course or shape=linear
|stigma atypical quantity=5;6
|stigma quantity=[30;3;5
|stigma relief=papillate
|style atypical quantity=5;6
|style height or length or size=shorter
|style orientation=erect
|style pubescence=glabrous
|style quantity=3;5
|style shape=filiform
|style some measurement=1mm;2mm
|taproot size=slender
|valve orientation=spreading
|valve quantity=3
|whole_organism architecture=staminate
|whole_organism duration=perennial
|whole_organism growth form=plant;herb
|x chromosome quantity=15
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Caryophyllaceae subfam. Alsinoideae]]