View source for Iva ← Iva You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Iva |accepted_authority=Linnaeus |publications={{Treatment/Publication |title=Sp. Pl. |place=2: 988. 1753 |year=1753 }}, {{Treatment/Publication |title=Gen. Pl. ed. |place=5, 426. 1754 |year=1754 }} |common_names=Marsh elder |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae;Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Ambrosiinae;Iva |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Ambrosiinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Iva]]</div></div> |etymology=Etymology uncertain; perhaps for Ajuga iva, a mint with similar odor |volume=Volume 21 |mention_page=page 9 |treatment_page=page 25 }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole-organism duration;whole-organism duration;whole_organism some measurement;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism growth form"><b>Annuals,</b> perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 10–350 cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem orientation;stem growth form or orientation;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>usually erect, sometimes decumbent to sprawling, often freely branched.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>cauline;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="">mostly opposite (distal sometimes alternate);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf position;leaf arrangement;leaf architecture;leaf architecture">petiolate or sessile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;margin shape;margin shape;face pubescence;face relief">blades (1-nerved or 3-nerved) deltate, elliptic, filiform, lanceolate, linear, obovate, ovate, spatulate, or trullate, margins entire or toothed, faces glabrous or ± scabrellous, often glanddotted.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="head architecture or shape;head architecture or shape;array architecture;array architecture"><b>Heads </b>discoid or ± disciform, in (± bracteate) racemiform or spiciform arrays (heads 1–2 in axil of each bract, bracts sometimes leaflike).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="involucre shape;involucre diameter"><b>Involucres </b>± hemispheric or turbinate to campanulate or urceolate, 2–10+ mm diam.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="phyllary duration;phyllary quantity;phyllary fusion;phyllary fusion;phyllary growth form or texture;series quantity;inner phyllary texture"><b>Phyllaries </b>persistent, 3–15+ in 1–3+ series, distinct or ± connate, all ± herbaceous or inner scarious to membranous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="receptacle shape"><b>Receptacles </b>flat or convex to hemispheric;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="palea shape;palea texture;palea quantity">paleae cuneiform or spatulate to linear or setiform, ± membranous, sometimes all or partially wanting.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="floret architecture;floret quantity;floret presence"><b>Pistillate </b>florets usually 1–8+, rarely 0;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="corolla coloration;corolla shape">corollas whitish (inconspicuous), ± tubular.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="floret architecture;floret quantity"><b>Functionally </b>staminate florets 3–20+;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="corolla coloration;lobe quantity;lobe orientation">corollas whitish to pinkish, funnelform, lobes 5, soon reflexed (filaments ± connate, anthers coherent or distinct).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="cypsela shape;cypsela shape;cypsela relief;cypsela pubescence"><b>Cypselae </b>plumply obovoid to pyriform, often ± obcompressed, sometimes scabrellous or hispidulous distally, usually ± glanddotted;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="">pappi 0.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="pappus presence;x chromosome quantity">x = 18.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=Mostly temperate North America;some subtropical;some in Old World |discussion=<p>Species ca. 9 (7 in the flora).</p><!-- --><p>M. Bolick (1983), P. O. Karis (1995), and B. Miao et al. (1995, 1995b, 1995c) considered Iva in the sense of R. C. Jackson (1960) to include species that have closer relatives outside Iva in the broad sense than within. I agree and treat the extradited species in Chorisiva, Cyclachaena, Hedosyne, Leuciva, and Oxytenia.</p><!-- --><p>Ivas are wind pollinated, are related to the ragweeds (Ambrosia spp.), and may be similarly associated with pollen allergies.</p><!-- --><p>Records of Iva asperifolia Lessing from Florida are evidently based on specimens that are treated as members of I. angustifolia.</p> |tables= |references= }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Annuals (seldom persisting); leaf blades deltate, filiform, lanceolate, lance-linear, or ovate (rarely succulent or fleshy); heads in ± spiciform arrays; peduncles mostly 0.5–1 mm |[[#key-0-2| > 2]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs; leaf blades elliptic, lanceolate, oblanceolate, obovate, ovate, or spatulate (usually ± succulent or fleshy); heads in ± racemiform arrays; peduncles mostly 1–7 mm |[[#key-0-4| > 4]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Leaves petiolate, blades mostly deltate to lanceolate, margins toothed |[[Iva annua|Iva annua]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Leaves ± sessile, blades mostly lance-linear to filiform, margins entire |[[#key-0-3| > 3]] |-id=key-0-3 |3 |Involucres ± prismatically turbinate, 2.5–3 mm; outer phyllaries ± connate |[[Iva angustifolia|Iva angustifolia]] |-id=key-0-3 |3 |Involucres ± hemispheric, 1.5–2 mm; outer phyllaries distinct |[[Iva microcephala|Iva microcephala]] |-id=key-0-4 |4 |Subshrubs or shrubs, 50–350 cm; leaf blades ovate or elliptic to lanceolate, margins usually toothed |[[Iva frutescens|Iva frutescens]] |-id=key-0-4 |4 |Perennials or subshrubs, 10–50(–100) cm; leaf blades mostly obovate or elliptic to lanceolate, oblanceolate, or spatulate, margins usually entire, rarely toothed |[[#key-0-5| > 5]] |-id=key-0-5 |5 |Leaf blades glabrous; involucres campanulate to urceolate, 5–7+ mm; cypselae 4–5 mm |[[Iva imbricata|Iva imbricata]] |-id=key-0-5 |5 |Leaf blades usually strigose to scabrellous; involucres ± hemispheric, 2–3.5 mm; cypselae 2–3 mm |[[#key-0-6| > 6]] |-id=key-0-6 |6 |Aerial stems usually woody at bases; outer phyllaries distinct |[[Iva hayesiana|Iva hayesiana]] |-id=key-0-6 |6 |Aerial stems usually herbaceous; outer phyllaries ± connate |[[Iva axillaris|Iva axillaris]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Iva |author=John L. Strother |authority=Linnaeus |rank=genus |parent rank=subtribe |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Asteraceae |distribution=Mostly temperate North America;some subtropical;some in Old World |reference=None |publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed. |publication year=1753;1754 |special status= |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V21_41.xml |tribe=Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae |subtribe=Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Ambrosiinae |genus=Iva |array architecture=spiciform;racemiform |blade shape=trullate;spatulate;trullate;spatulate;ovate;obovate;linear;lanceolate;filiform;elliptic;deltate |corolla coloration=whitish;pinkish |corolla shape=tubular |cypsela pubescence=hispidulous |cypsela relief=scabrellous |cypsela shape=obcompressed;plumply obovoid;pyriform |face pubescence=glabrous |face relief=scabrellous |floret architecture=staminate;pistillate |floret presence=absent |floret quantity=3;20 |head architecture or shape=disciform;discoid |inner phyllary texture=scarious;membranous |involucre diameter=2mm;10mm |involucre shape=less hemispheric or turbinate;campanulate or urceolate |leaf architecture=sessile;petiolate |leaf arrangement=opposite |leaf position=cauline |lobe orientation=reflexed |lobe quantity=5 |margin shape=toothed;entire |palea quantity=wanting |palea shape=spatulate;linear or setiform |palea texture=membranous |pappus presence=absent |phyllary duration=persistent |phyllary fusion=connate;distinct |phyllary growth form or texture=herbaceous |phyllary quantity=3;15 |receptacle shape=convex;hemispheric |series quantity=1;3 |stem architecture=branched |stem growth form or orientation=decumbent;sprawling |stem orientation=erect |whole-organism duration=perennial;annual |whole_organism growth form=shrub;subshrub |whole_organism some measurement=10cm;350cm |x chromosome quantity=18 }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Ambrosiinae]] Templates used on this page: Template:Asteraceae (view source) Template:Treatment/AuthorLink (view source) Template:Treatment/Body (view source) Template:Treatment/Body/Maps (view source) Template:Treatment/ID (view source) Template:Treatment/Publication (view source) Return to Iva.