View source for Juncus alpinoarticulatus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Juncus alpinoarticulatus
|accepted_authority=Chaix in D. Villars
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=in D. Villars,Hist. Pl. Dauphiné
|place=1: 378. 1786
|year=1786
}}
|common_names=Alpine rush
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Juncus alpinus
|authority=Villars
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Juncus. alpinoarticulatus subsp. americanus
|authority=(Farwell) Hämet—Ahti
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Juncus. alpinoarticulatus subsp. fuscescens
|authority=(Fernald) Hämet—Ahti
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Juncus. alpinus var. americanus
|authority=Farwell
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Juncus. alpinus
|authority=Schultes
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Juncus. alpinus var. fuscescens
|authority=Fernald
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Juncus. alpinus var. insignis
|authority=Fries ex Buchenau
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Juncus. alpinus subsp. nodulosus
|authority=(Wahlenberg) Lindman
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Juncus. alpinus var. rariflorus
|authority=(Hartman) Hartmann
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Juncus. nodulosus
|authority=
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Juncus. rariflorus
|authority=
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Juncus. richardsonianus
|authority=
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Juncaceae;Juncus;Juncus subg. Septati;Juncus alpinoarticulatus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Juncaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Juncus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Juncus subg. Septati]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Juncus alpinoarticulatus]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 22
|mention_page=page 255
|treatment_page=page 254
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism some measurement;whole_organism growth form"><b>Herbs,</b> perennial, rhizomatous, 0.5–5 dm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="rhizome diameter;rhizome shape"><b>Rhizomes </b>2–4 mm diam., not swollen.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="culm orientation;culm shape;culm diameter;culm architecture or pubescence or relief"><b>Culms </b>erect, terete, 1–3 mm diam., smooth.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="cataphyll quantity;cataphyll coloration;cataphyll coloration;apex shape"><b>Cataphylls </b>0–1, straw-colored or maroon, apex acute.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="basal leaf quantity;cauline leaf atypical quantity;cauline leaf quantity"><b>Leaves:</b> basal 0–2, cauline 1–2 (–5);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="auricle some measurement;apex shape;apex texture">auricles 0.5–1.2 mm, apex rounded, scarious;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="blade coloration;blade shape;blade length;blade width">blade green to straw-colored, terete, 1.5–12 cm × 0.5–1.1 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="terminal panicle some measurement;head quantity;branch orientation"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal panicles of 5–25 heads, 3–11 cm, branches erect to ascending;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="primary bract orientation">primary bract erect;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="head architecture;head shape;head diam;flower height or length or size">heads 2–10-flowered, obpyramidal, usually with some flowers short pedicellateled, 2–6 mm in diam.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="tepal coloration;tepal shape"><b>Flowers:</b> tepals greenish to straw-colored, lanceolate to oblong;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="outer tepal some measurement;apex shape;apex shape">outer tepals 1.8–3 mm, apex obtuse, mucronate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="inner tepal some measurement;apex shape">inner tepals 1.6–2.7 mm, apex obtuse;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="stamen quantity;anther quantity">stamens 6, anthers 1/2 filament length.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="perianth variability;3-locular apex position;3-locular apex coloration;3-locular apex shape;3-locular apex some measurement;3-locular apex shape;3-locular apex dehiscence;3-locular valve position;3-locular valve coloration;3-locular valve shape;3-locular valve some measurement;3-locular valve shape;3-locular valve dehiscence"><b>Capsules </b>equaling perianth to usually exserted, chestnut-brown to straw-colored, imperfectly 3-locular, oblong to oblong-ovoid, 2.3–3.5 mm, apex obtuse, valves separating at dehiscence.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties=""><b>Seeds </b>oblong to ovoid, 0.5–0.7 mm, not tailed.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="seed shape;seed some measurement;seed shape;2n chromosome quantity">2n = 40.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Fruiting mid summer–fall.
|habitat=Wet meadows, sandy and gravelly, often calcareous shores, fens, and clayey pools over rock
|elevation=0–2600 m
|distribution=Greenland;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.S.;N.W.T.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Colo.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Maine;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;N.Y.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Pa.;S.Dak.;Utah;Vt.;Wash.;Wis.;Eurasia
|discussion=<p>Several attempts have been made to separate subspecies or varieties of this widespread and variable species. In one study, five varieties were recognized, with four in North America (B. Lindquist 1932) . In another, at least six subspecies were recognized with two in North America (L. H&auml;met-Ahti 1986). The variation we.have encountered does not fit nicely into the subspecies H&auml;met-Ahti has recognized, and until a full account of the variation throughout the range of the species is presented, we are not recognizing subspecific or varietal divisions of this species. Recent evidence suggests that this species may be one of the parents of the tetraploid Juncus articulatus. Juncus alpinus hybridizes with J. brevicaudatus (= J. × gracilescens J. Hermann), J. articulatus (= J. × alpiniformis Fernald), J. nodosus (= J. × nodosiformis Fernald), and J. torreyi (= JuncusJ. ×stuckeyi Reinking).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Juncus alpinoarticulatus
|authority=Chaix in D. Villars
|rank=species
|parent rank=subgenus
|synonyms=Juncus alpinus;Juncus. alpinoarticulatus subsp. americanus;Juncus. alpinoarticulatus subsp. fuscescens;Juncus. alpinus var. americanus;Juncus. alpinus;Juncus. alpinus var. fuscescens;Juncus. alpinus var. insignis;Juncus. alpinus subsp. nodulosus;Juncus. alpinus var. rariflorus;Juncus. nodulosus;Juncus. rariflorus;Juncus. richardsonianus
|basionyms=
|family=Juncaceae
|phenology=Fruiting mid summer–fall.
|habitat=Wet meadows, sandy and gravelly, often calcareous shores, fens, and clayey pools over rock
|elevation=0–2600 m
|distribution=Greenland;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr.;N.S.;N.W.T.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Colo.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Maine;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Mont.;Nebr.;N.Y.;N.Dak.;Ohio;Pa.;S.Dak.;Utah;Vt.;Wash.;Wis.;Eurasia
|reference=None
|publication title=in D. Villars,Hist. Pl. Dauphiné
|publication year=1786
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/62857cf6bca5c4637d27b113da92d27dbf9962f4/V22/V22_213.xml
|genus=Juncus
|subgenus=Juncus subg. Septati
|species=Juncus alpinoarticulatus
|2n chromosome quantity=40
|3-locular apex coloration=chestnut-brown;straw-colored
|3-locular apex dehiscence=separating
|3-locular apex position=exserted
|3-locular apex shape=obtuse;oblong;oblong-ovoid
|3-locular apex some measurement=2.3mm;3.5mm
|3-locular valve coloration=chestnut-brown;straw-colored
|3-locular valve dehiscence=separating
|3-locular valve position=exserted
|3-locular valve shape=obtuse;oblong;oblong-ovoid
|3-locular valve some measurement=2.3mm;3.5mm
|anther quantity=1/2
|apex shape=obtuse;mucronate;obtuse;rounded;acute
|apex texture=scarious
|auricle some measurement=0.5mm;1.2mm
|basal leaf quantity=0;2
|blade coloration=green;straw-colored
|blade length=1.5cm;12cm
|blade shape=terete
|blade width=0.5mm;1.1mm
|branch orientation=erect;ascending
|cataphyll coloration=maroon;straw-colored
|cataphyll quantity=0;1
|cauline leaf atypical quantity=2;5
|cauline leaf quantity=1;2
|culm architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|culm diameter=1mm;3mm
|culm orientation=erect
|culm shape=terete
|flower height or length or size=short
|head architecture=2-10-flowered
|head diam=2mm;6mm
|head quantity=5;25
|head shape=obpyramidal
|inner tepal some measurement=1.6mm;2.7mm
|outer tepal some measurement=1.8mm;3mm
|perianth variability=equaling
|primary bract orientation=erect
|rhizome diameter=2mm;4mm
|rhizome shape=not swollen
|seed shape=not tailed;oblong;ovoid
|seed some measurement=0.5mm;0.7mm
|stamen quantity=6
|tepal coloration=greenish;straw-colored
|tepal shape=lanceolate;oblong
|terminal panicle some measurement=3cm;11cm
|whole_organism architecture=rhizomatous
|whole_organism duration=perennial
|whole_organism growth form=herb
|whole_organism some measurement=0.5dm;5dm
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Juncus subg. Septati]]