View source for Lapsana

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Lapsana
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 811. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 353. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Nipplewort
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae;Lapsana
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Lapsana]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek lapsanae, a vegetable mentioned by Dioscorides, perhaps actually Raphanus, with lyrate leaves resembling those of Lapsana
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 218, 255
|treatment_page=page 257
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties=""><b>Annuals </b>[biennials], 15–150 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="whole-organism some measurement;whole-organism architecture;whole-organism duration">fibrous-rooted.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem quantity;stem orientation;stem architecture;stem architecture;stem pubescence;hair pubescence"><b>Stems </b>1, erect, simple or branched, glabrate to sparsely or densely pilose, hairs often stipitate-glandular.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>basal and cauline (not in rosettes);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf position;leaf position;leaf architecture">narrowly winged-petiolate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade shape;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape">blades ovate to suborbiculate (thin), margins entire, dentate, or lyrate-pinnatifid proximally (terminal lobes larger than laterals, faces glabrate to sparsely hirsute; distal sessile, lanceolate, reduced).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="array architecture;array architecture"><b>Heads </b>in open, corymbiform to thyrsiform arrays.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="peduncle shape;peduncle architecture"><b>Peduncles </b>(slender) slightly inflated distally, ebracteate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="bractlet quantity;bractlet shape;bractlet shape;bractlet pubescence"><b>Calyculi </b>of 4–5 subulate or scalelike, glabrous bractlets.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="involucre shape;involucre diameter"><b>Involucres </b>cylindric to campanulate, 2–5 mm diam.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="phyllary quantity;phyllary shape;phyllary size;series quantity;margin coloration;margin texture;apex shape;face pubescence"><b>Phyllaries </b>8–10 in 1 series, linear-oblong, subequal, (strongly keeled) margins green, not scarious, apices acute, faces glabrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="receptacle prominence or shape;receptacle architecture or pubescence or relief;receptacle pubescence;receptacle architecture"><b>Receptacles </b>flat, smooth, glabrous, epaleate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="floret quantity"><b>Florets </b>8–15;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="corolla coloration">corollas yellow.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="cypsela growth form;cypsela coloration;cypsela shape;cypsela course;cypsela shape;cypsela architecture or shape;cypsela architecture or shape;cypsela pubescence"><b>Cypselae </b>dimorphic (outer much longer than inner), tan to golden brown, subcylindric, curved, terete to slightly compressed, not beaked, ± 20-ribbed, glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="">pappi 0.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="pappus presence;x chromosome quantity">x = 7.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Europe;Asia
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species 1.</p><!--
--><p>Lapsana formerly included about 9 species, some from eastern Asia. Based on cladistic analysis of morphologic characters, the eastern Asian species have been removed to Lapasanastrum, a strongly supported monophyletic group characterized by spreading phyllaries and distinctive fruit anatomy (J. H. Pak and K. Bremer 1995).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=pak1995a
|text=Pak, J. H. and K. Bremer. 1995. Phylogeny and reclassification of the genus Lapsana (Asteraceae: Lactuceae). Taxon 44: 13–21.
}}
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Lapsana
|author=David J. Bogler
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|illustrator=Bee F. Gunn
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=Europe;Asia
|introduced=true
|reference=pak1995a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V19_341.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae
|genus=Lapsana
|apex shape=acute
|array architecture=corymbiform;thyrsiform
|blade shape=ovate;suborbiculate
|bractlet pubescence=glabrous
|bractlet quantity=4;5
|bractlet shape=scale-like;subulate
|corolla coloration=yellow
|cypsela architecture or shape=20-ribbed;not beaked
|cypsela coloration=tan;golden brown
|cypsela course=curved
|cypsela growth form=dimorphic
|cypsela pubescence=glabrous
|cypsela shape=terete;slightly compressed
|face pubescence=glabrous
|floret quantity=8;15
|hair pubescence=stipitate-glandular
|involucre diameter=2mm;5mm
|involucre shape=cylindric;campanulate
|leaf architecture=winged-petiolate
|leaf position=cauline;basal
|margin architecture or shape=lyrate-pinnatifid;dentate;entire
|margin coloration=green
|margin texture=not scarious
|pappus presence=absent
|peduncle architecture=ebracteate
|peduncle shape=inflated
|phyllary quantity=8;10
|phyllary shape=linear-oblong
|phyllary size=subequal
|receptacle architecture=epaleate
|receptacle architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|receptacle prominence or shape=flat
|receptacle pubescence=glabrous
|series quantity=1
|stem architecture=branched;simple
|stem orientation=erect
|stem pubescence=glabrate;sparsely or densely pilose
|stem quantity=1
|whole-organism architecture=fibrous-rooted
|whole-organism duration=annual
|whole-organism some measurement=15cm;150cm
|x chromosome quantity=7
}}<!--

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