View source for Leontodon

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Leontodon
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=2: 798. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 349. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Hawkbit
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae;Leontodon
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Leontodon]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek leon, lion, and odons, tooth, alluding to deeply toothed leaves
|volume=Volume 19
|mention_page=page 215, 217, 240, 298
|treatment_page=page 294
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties=""><b>Annuals </b>or perennials, 10–80 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="whole-organism some measurement;whole-organism architecture;whole-organism architecture;whole-organism duration;whole-organism some measurement;whole-organism architecture;whole-organism duration;caudex height or length or size">fibrous-rooted, sometimes tuberous, or with short caudices.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem quantity;stem architecture;stem shape;stem architecture;stem pubescence;stem pubescence;stem pubescence;stem pubescence;stem pubescence"><b>Stems </b>1–20+, simple and scapiform or sparingly branched, glabrous, tomentulose, or coarsely hirsute.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>basal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf position;leaf architecture">petiolate (petioles winged);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade shape;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape">blades oblanceolate, margins entire or dentate or deeply lobed (faces glabrous or hispid, hairs simple or minutely 2–3-fid).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="head arrangement;head quantity;array architecture or fragility;array architecture"><b>Heads </b>borne singly or 2–5 in loose, corymbiform arrays.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="peduncle shape;peduncle architecture;peduncle architecture"><b>Peduncles </b>slightly inflated, naked or minutely bracteate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="calyculus shape;bractlet pubescence;bractlet pubescence;bractlet pubescence;bractlet pubescence;bractlet pubescence;series quantity"><b>Calyculi </b>of 10–20, subulate to lanceolate bractlets in 1–2 series (unequal), glabrous, tomentulose, or hirsute.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="involucre shape;involucre diameter"><b>Involucres </b>campanulate, 4–15 mm diam.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="phyllary quantity;phyllary shape;phyllary size;phyllary pubescence;phyllary pubescence;phyllary pubescence;phyllary pubescence;phyllary pubescence;series quantity"><b>Phyllaries </b>16–20 in 2+ series, narrowly lanceolate, subequal, glabrous, tomentulose, or hirsute.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="receptacle shape;receptacle relief;receptacle pubescence;receptacle architecture"><b>Receptacles </b>convex, pitted, sometimes slightly villous, epaleate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="floret quantity"><b>Florets </b>20–30;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="corolla coloration">corollas yellow to orange (outer sometimes with reddish or greenish stripes).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="cypsela coloration;cypsela shape;cypsela shape;cypsela course;cypsela shape;cypsela architecture or shape;cypsela architecture or shape;cypsela architecture or shape;cypsela architecture or shape;rib quantity;face relief;face pubescence"><b>Cypselae </b>light to dark-brown or reddish-brown, fusiform or cylindric, curved, distally narrowed and not beaked, or beaked, ribs 10–14, faces muricate, glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="pappus coloration;pappus coloration;pappus coloration;pappus coloration;pappus coloration;series quantity">pappi of ± distinct, yellowish white, tan, or pale-brown bristles in 1–2 series (all uniformly plumose or outer reduced; pappi of outer cypselae sometimes reduced to crowns of bristlelike scales).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="x chromosome quantity;x chromosome quantity;x chromosome quantity">x = 4, 6, 7.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Europe;n North Africa;Mediterranean;w Asia
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 50 (3 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Leontodon is recognized by the basal rosettes of pinnatifid leaves, scapiform stems, loosely imbricate phyllaries, yellow corollas, and plumose pappus bristles. Some species are somewhat doubtfully distinguished by an overlapping mixture of vestiture and pappus characters.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Heads (1–)2–5 in corymbiform arrays; peduncles minutely bracteate proximal to heads; pappi wholly of plumose bristles
|[[Leontodon autumnalis|Leontodon autumnalis]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Head borne singly on scapiform stems; peduncles usually ebracteate proximal to heads; pappi mixed (either outer series different from inner, or pappi of outer cypselae reduced to crowns of bristlelike scales)
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Pappi mixed in all cypselae (outer series of bristlelike scales, inner of plumose bristles); phyllaries densely, coarsely hispid or hirsute
|[[Leontodon hispidus|Leontodon hispidus]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Pappi of 2 types (on outer cypselae, crowns of bristlelike scales; on inner, of plumose bristles); phyllaries glabrate to coarsely hirsute
|[[Leontodon saxatilis|Leontodon saxatilis]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Leontodon
|author=David J. Bogler
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|illustrator=Bee F. Gunn
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=Europe;n North Africa;Mediterranean;w Asia
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V19_424.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae
|genus=Leontodon
|array architecture=corymbiform
|array architecture or fragility=loose
|blade shape=oblanceolate
|bractlet pubescence=hirsute;tomentulose;hirsute;tomentulose;glabrous
|calyculus shape=subulate;lanceolate
|caudex height or length or size=short
|corolla coloration=yellow;orange
|cypsela architecture or shape=beaked;not beaked;beaked;not beaked
|cypsela coloration=light;dark-brown or reddish-brown
|cypsela course=curved
|cypsela shape=narrowed;cylindric;fusiform
|face pubescence=glabrous
|face relief=muricate
|floret quantity=20;30
|head arrangement=singly
|head quantity=2;5
|involucre diameter=4mm;15mm
|involucre shape=campanulate
|leaf architecture=petiolate
|leaf position=basal
|margin architecture or shape=dentate or deeply lobed;entire
|pappus coloration=pale-brown;tan;pale-brown;tan;yellowish white
|peduncle architecture=bracteate;naked
|peduncle shape=inflated
|phyllary pubescence=hirsute;tomentulose;hirsute;tomentulose;glabrous
|phyllary quantity=16;20
|phyllary shape=lanceolate
|phyllary size=subequal
|receptacle architecture=epaleate
|receptacle pubescence=villous
|receptacle relief=pitted
|receptacle shape=convex
|rib quantity=10;14
|series quantity=1;2
|stem architecture=branched;simple
|stem pubescence=hirsute;tomentulose;hirsute;tomentulose;glabrous
|stem quantity=1;20
|stem shape=scapiform
|whole-organism architecture=fibrous-rooted;tuberous;fibrous-rooted
|whole-organism duration=perennial;annual
|whole-organism some measurement=10cm;80cm
|x chromosome quantity=7;6;4
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae tribe Cichorieae]]