View source for Leucojum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Leucojum
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 289. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 140. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Snowflake;nivéole
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Liliaceae;Leucojum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Liliaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Leucojum]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek leukos, white, and ion, violet, alluding to the color and scent of the flowers
|volume=Volume 26
|mention_page=page 55, 280
|treatment_page=page 293
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism growth form;bulb coloration;bulb shape;bulb architecture"><b>Herbs,</b> perennial, scapose, from brown, globose to ovoid, tunicate bulb.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="leaf quantity"><b>Leaves </b>several;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="blade architecture;base architecture or shape">blade linear-ligulate, base sheathing.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="scape fragility or size;scape architecture"><b>Scape </b>stout, hollow [slender, solid].</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture;inflorescence architecture"><b>Inflorescences </b>umbellate, 2–5 (–7) -flowered, spathaceous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="spathe bract quantity;spathe bract fusion;spathe bract fusion;spathe bract architecture;side quantity">spathe bracts 2, free or entirely adnate on 1 side, appearing monophyllous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="flower orientation"><b>Flowers </b>nodding;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="perianth shape">perianth campanulate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="tepal quantity;tepal fusion;tepal shape;tepal variability">tepals 6, distinct, oblanceolate to ovate, equal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="stamen quantity;stamen fusion">stamens 6, distinct;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="anther fixation;anther shape;anther length or size;anther shape;anther dehiscence">anthers basifixed, conic, longer than filaments, blunt apically, dehiscing by terminal pores;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="ovary position;ovary coloration;ovary architecture or structure in adjective form;ovary shape;septal nectary presence">ovary inferior, green, 3-locular, globose, septal nectaries present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="style shape;style shape">style filiform or clavate, exceeding anthers;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="stigma architecture or shape">stigma minutely capitate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="fruit architecture;fruit orientation;fruit shape;fruit dehiscence"><b>Fruits </b>capsular, erect, pyriform to subglobose, dehiscence loculicidal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="pericarp texture">pericarp somewhat fleshy.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="seed quantity;seed coloration"><b>Seeds </b>numerous, black, appendages absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="appendage presence;x chromosome quantity;x chromosome quantity;x chromosome quantity;x chromosome quantity;x chromosome quantity;x chromosome quantity">x = 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=c;sw Europe;nw Africa;and sw Asia (Armenia);and sw Asia (Crimea);elsewhere
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 10 (1 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Several species of Leucojum are cultivated for their flowers. Although other species such as L. autumnale Linnaeus (autumn snowflake) and L. vernum Linnaeus (spring snowflake) may persist in old gardens, only the commonly cultivated L. aestivum (summer snowflake) is known definitely to be naturalized in the flora. There are unconfirmed reports that L. vernum is naturalized in the panhandle area of Florida.</p><!--
--><p>Leucojum is sometimes confused with Galanthus, a spring-flowering, Eurasian relative, but it differs in that Leucojum has perianth segments that are all equal in size, and hollow stems that are usually taller and bear 2–5 flowers. In the southern states, the common name snowdrop, which usually refers to Galanthus species, is applied to Leucojum.</p><!--
--><p>Leaves and bulbs of Leucojum contain the alkaloids lycorine and galanthamine, and are poisonous.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Leucojum
|author=Gerald B. Straley†;Frederick H. Utech
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Liliaceae
|distribution=c;sw Europe;nw Africa;and sw Asia (Armenia);and sw Asia (Crimea);elsewhere
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V26/V26_564.xml
|genus=Leucojum
|anther dehiscence=dehiscing
|anther fixation=basifixed
|anther length or size=longer
|anther shape=blunt;conic
|appendage presence=absent
|base architecture or shape=sheathing
|blade architecture=linear-ligulate
|bulb architecture=tunicate
|bulb coloration=brown
|bulb shape=globose;ovoid
|flower orientation=nodding
|fruit architecture=capsular
|fruit dehiscence=loculicidal
|fruit orientation=erect
|fruit shape=pyriform;subglobose
|inflorescence architecture=spathaceous;2-5(-7)-flowered;umbellate
|leaf quantity=several
|ovary architecture or structure in adjective form=3-locular
|ovary coloration=green
|ovary position=inferior
|ovary shape=globose
|perianth shape=campanulate
|pericarp texture=fleshy
|scape architecture=hollow
|scape fragility or size=stout
|seed coloration=black
|seed quantity=numerous
|septal nectary presence=absent
|side quantity=1
|spathe bract architecture=monophyllous
|spathe bract fusion=adnate;free
|spathe bract quantity=2
|stamen fusion=distinct
|stamen quantity=6
|stigma architecture or shape=capitate
|style shape=clavate;filiform
|tepal fusion=distinct
|tepal quantity=6
|tepal shape=oblanceolate;ovate
|tepal variability=equal
|whole_organism architecture=scapose
|whole_organism duration=perennial
|whole_organism growth form=herb
|x chromosome quantity=12;11;10;9;8;7
}}<!--

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