View source for Luzula

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Luzula
|accepted_authority=de Candolle in J. Lamarck and A. P. de Candolle
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=in J. Lamarck and A. P. de Candolle,Fl. France, ed. 3
|place=1: 198; 3: 158. 1805
|year=1805
}}
|common_names=Wood rush
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Juncoides
|authority=Adanson
|rank=genus
}}
|hierarchy=Juncaceae;Luzula
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Juncaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Luzula]]</div></div>
|etymology=possibly from Italian lucciola, to shine, sparkle, or Latin gramen luzulae or luxulae, diminutive of lux, light, because hairs of several species have shiny appearance when covered with dew
|volume=Volume 22
|mention_page=page 256
|treatment_page=page 255
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism growth form;rhizome height or length or size;rhizome orientation;stolon height or length or size;stolon orientation"><b>Herbs,</b> perennial, usually cespitose, often with short, mostly vertical to running rhizomes and/or (less commonly) stolons.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="culm shape"><b>Culms </b>round.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="cataphyll presence"><b>Cataphylls </b>absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="sheath condition;sheath pubescence"><b>Leaves:</b> sheaths closed, without auricles at throat (junction with blade), usually pilose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;blade architecture;hair length or size;hair pubescence or texture;hair architecture;apex size or width;vein prominence">blade flat or channeled, never septate, margins with long, soft, multicellular hairs, apex often thickened (callous), veins commonly indistinct.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="flower position;flower position;flower arrangement">flowers inserted individually or in dense clusters (glomerules) variously arranged;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="bract quantity;bract architecture or shape">bracts subtending inflorescence (proximal inflorescence bracts) 2, mostly leaflike;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="inflorescence branch quantity;inflorescence branch size">bracts subtending inflorescence branches 1–2, reduced;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="bracteole quantity">bracteoles subtending flowers 2–3.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="tepal quantity;whorl quantity"><b>Flowers:</b> tepals 6, in 2 whorls;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="stamen quantity">stamens 6.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="capsule architecture or structure in adjective form;capsule shape"><b>Capsules </b>1-locular, generally globose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="style base duration">beak often formed by persistent style base.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="seed quantity;seed shape;hair texture"><b>Seeds </b>3, globose to ovoid, base often with tuft of fibrous hairs (vestige of funiculus);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="outer seed-coat presence;seed body variability">nutritive appendage from outer seed-coat (caruncle) often present, white, barely visible to ± equaling seed body.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="nutritive appendage coloration;nutritive appendage prominence;x chromosome quantity">x = 6.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Temperate and arctic regions worldwide;tropical mountains
|discussion=<p>The leaves of Luzula are primarily basal; cauline leaves are usually reduced.</p><!--
--><p>Luzula species have diffuse centromeres and small chromosomes. That has resulted in much confusion in interpretation and reporting of chromosome counts. No attempt has been made to include reported counts that could not reasonably be verified by the author.</p><!--
--><p>Excluded species: Luzula sudetica (Willdenow) de Candolle. Although reports of this European species appear frequently in the North American literature, I have seen no specimens that confirm its presence. No chromosome counts are published for North American material. Since this species has a distinct cytotype, 2n = 48 (H. Nordenskiöld 1956), it should not be difficult to verify on this basis.</p><!--
--><p>Species ca. 108 (23 in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Flowers in dense clusters (glomerules); inflorescences spikelike or umbellate; seeds with caruncle conspicuous to barely visible
|[[Luzula subg. Luzula|Luzula subg. Luzula]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Flowers solitary or in small clusters of 2–4; inflorescences mostly unbranched or dichasial; seeds with caruncle conspicuous to absent.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Flowers solitary; inflorescences corymbose, rarely branching; seeds with caruncle conspicuous
|[[Luzula subg. Pterodes|Luzula subg. Pterodes]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Flowers mostly in pairs, rarely in clusters of 3–4, or solitary; inflorescences paniculate or dichasial; seeds with caruncle inconspicuous or absent
|[[Luzula subg. Anthelaea|Luzula subg. Anthelaea]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Luzula
|author=Janice Coffey Swab
|authority=de Candolle in J. Lamarck and A. P. de Candolle
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=Juncoides
|basionyms=
|family=Juncaceae
|distribution=Temperate and arctic regions worldwide;tropical mountains
|reference=None
|publication title=in J. Lamarck and A. P. de Candolle,Fl. France, ed. 3
|publication year=1805
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/62857cf6bca5c4637d27b113da92d27dbf9962f4/V22/V22_239.xml
|genus=Luzula
|apex size or width=thickened
|blade architecture=septate
|blade shape=channeled;flat
|bract architecture or shape=leaflike
|bract quantity=2
|bracteole quantity=2;3
|capsule architecture or structure in adjective form=1-locular
|capsule shape=globose
|cataphyll presence=absent
|culm shape=round
|flower arrangement=arranged
|flower position=in dense clusters;inserted
|hair architecture=multicellular
|hair length or size=long
|hair pubescence or texture=soft
|hair texture=fibrous
|inflorescence branch quantity=1;2
|inflorescence branch size=reduced
|inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal
|nutritive appendage coloration=white
|nutritive appendage prominence=visible
|outer seed-coat presence=absent
|rhizome height or length or size=short
|rhizome orientation=vertical
|seed body variability=equaling
|seed quantity=3
|seed shape=globose;ovoid
|sheath condition=closed
|sheath pubescence=pilose
|stamen quantity=6
|stolon height or length or size=short
|stolon orientation=vertical
|style base duration=persistent
|tepal quantity=6
|vein prominence=indistinct
|whole_organism duration=perennial
|whole_organism growth form=herb;cespitose
|whorl quantity=2
|x chromosome quantity=6
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Juncaceae]]