View source for Magnoliaceae

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Magnoliaceae
|accepted_authority=Jussieu
|publications=
|common_names=Composite Family
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Magnoliaceae
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Magnoliaceae]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 3
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 3
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism odor;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism duration;whole_organism duration;whole_organism odor;whole_organism growth form"><b>Trees </b>or shrubs, deciduous or evergreen, aromatic.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="pith variability;pith architecture"><b>Pith </b>homogeneous or diaphragmed.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf arrangement;leaf architecture;leaf architecture"><b>Leaves </b>alternate, simple, petiolate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="stipule duration;stipule fusion;stem position relational;scar duration;scar shape">stipules early or tardily deciduous, at first surrounding stem, adnate on adaxial side of petiole (free in Magnolia grandiflora), often ochreate, leaving persistent annular scar around node.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf-blade architecture;leaf-blade shape;margin architecture or shape"><b>Leaf-</b>blade pinnately veined, unlobed (or evenly 2-10-lobed in Liriodendron), margins entire.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;flower architecture or arrangement or growth form;flower architecture"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal, solitary flowers (often paired in Magnolia ashei), pedunculate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="bract architecture;bract quantity;bract quantity">spathaceous bracts 2 (Magnolia) or 1 (Liriodendron).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="perianth position;segment arrangement"><b>Flowers:</b> perianth hypogynous, segments imbricate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="tepal duration;tepal quantity;tepal quantity;outer tepal architecture;inner tepal architecture">tepals deciduous, 6-18, in 3 or more whorls of 3, ± similar or outer tepals sepaloid, inner tepals petaloid;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="stamen quantity;stamen position;stamen fusion;stamen arrangement">stamens numerous, hypogynous, free, spirally arranged;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="filament height or length or size;filament length">filaments very short to 1/2 length of anthers;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="anther dehiscence;anther dehiscence;anther dehiscence;anther dehiscence;anther dehiscence;anther dehiscence">anthers introrse, latrorse, or extrorse, longitudinally dehiscent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="">connective with distal appendage;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="pistil quantity;pistil position;pistil arrangement;pistil architecture;pistil architecture;pistil fusion;pistil fusion;pistil architecture or structure in adjective form;receptacle shape">pistils numerous, superior, spirally arranged on elongate receptacle (torus), stalked or sessile, free or ±concrescent, 1-locular;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="flower placentation;placenta quantity">placentation marginal, placenta 1;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="ovule quantity">ovules 1-2;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="style quantity;style height or length or size;style orientation;style size;style architecture or shape">style 1, short and recurved (Magnolia) or large and winglike (Liriodendron);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="stigma quantity;stigma position or structure subtype;stigma position or structure subtype;stigma shape;stigma orientation">stigma 1, terminal or terminal decurrent (Magnolia) or recurved (Liriodendron).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="syncarp shape;follicle fusion;follicle texture;samara dehiscence"><b>Fruits </b>conelike syncarps consisting of aggregates of coalescent, woody follicles (follicetums, as in Magnolia) or apocarps consisting of aggregates of indehiscent samaras (samaracetums, as in Liriodendron).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="seed quantity;seed architecture;endosperm coating;endosperm fusion;endocarp condition or texture"><b>Seeds </b>1-2 per pistil, arillate, endosperm oily (Magnolia), or without aril, adherent to dry endocarp (Liriodendron).</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Mostly in Asia;the Pacific Islands;and the Western Hemisphere
|discussion=<p>Genera ca. 6(-12), species ca. 220 (2 genera, 9 species in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Magnoliaceae are pollinated by beetles.</p><!--
--><p>Herbarium material of Magnolia is usually incomplete and inadequate for critical study. Collections should include material of the stipules, spathaceous bracts, a full complement of stamens, and all of the perianth segments to facilitate identification of Magnolia species.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf blade entire, base deeply cordate or auriculate, or cuneate to abruptly narrowed or rounded, apex obtuse or acute to acuminate; stipules adnate on petiole or rarely free, early deciduous; tepals petaloid, usually spreading, creamy white, rarely greenish or yellow to orange-yellow, outermost tepals sepaloid, sometimes reflexed, greenish; anthers introrse or latrorse; follicles persistent, coalescent; seeds with brightly colored aril, extruded from follicles and suspended by funiculi.
|[[Magnolia|Magnolia]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf blade evenly 2-10-lobed, base rounded to shallowly cordate or truncate, apex broadly truncate or notched; stipules free, erect, leafy, tardily deciduous; tepals petaloid, tip recurved, greenish yellow with feathered orange band near base, outermost tepals sepaloid, reflexed, green; anthers extrorse; samaras caducous, forming elongate spindle-shaped dry cone, indehiscent; seeds without aril, adherent to dry endocarp.
|[[Liriodendron|Liriodendron]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Magnoliaceae
|author=Frederick G. Meyer
|authority=Jussieu
|rank=family
|parent rank=
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Magnoliaceae
|illustrator=John Myers
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=Mostly in Asia;the Pacific Islands;and the Western Hemisphere
|reference=None
|publication title=
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V3/V3_228.xml
|anther dehiscence=dehiscent;extrorse;latrorse;extrorse;latrorse;introrse
|bract architecture=spathaceous
|bract quantity=1;2
|endocarp condition or texture=dry
|endosperm coating=oily
|endosperm fusion=adherent
|filament height or length or size=short
|filament length=0 length of anthers;1/2 length of anthers
|flower architecture=pedunculate
|flower architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary
|flower placentation=marginal
|follicle fusion=coalescent
|follicle texture=woody
|inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal
|inner tepal architecture=petaloid
|leaf architecture=petiolate;simple
|leaf arrangement=alternate
|leaf-blade architecture=veined
|leaf-blade shape=unlobed
|margin architecture or shape=entire
|outer tepal architecture=sepaloid
|ovule quantity=1;2
|perianth position=hypogynous
|pistil architecture=sessile;stalked
|pistil architecture or structure in adjective form=1-locular
|pistil arrangement=arranged
|pistil fusion=concrescent;free
|pistil position=superior
|pistil quantity=numerous
|pith architecture=diaphragmed
|pith variability=homogeneous
|placenta quantity=1
|receptacle shape=elongate
|samara dehiscence=indehiscent
|scar duration=persistent
|scar shape=annular
|seed architecture=arillate
|seed quantity=1;2
|segment arrangement=imbricate
|stamen arrangement=arranged
|stamen fusion=free
|stamen position=hypogynous
|stamen quantity=numerous
|stem position relational=surrounding
|stigma orientation=recurved
|stigma position or structure subtype=terminal;terminal
|stigma quantity=1
|stigma shape=decurrent
|stipule duration=deciduous
|stipule fusion=adnate
|style architecture or shape=winglike
|style height or length or size=short
|style orientation=recurved
|style quantity=1
|style size=large
|syncarp shape=conelike
|tepal duration=deciduous
|tepal quantity=3;6;18
|whole_organism duration=evergreen;deciduous;evergreen;deciduous
|whole_organism growth form=shrub;tree
|whole_organism odor=aromatic;aromatic
}}<!--

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