View source for Manilkara ← Manilkara You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Manilkara |accepted_authority=Adanson |publications={{Treatment/Publication |title=Fam. Pl. |place=2: 166, 574. 1763, name conserved , }} |common_names=Balata tree;bully;bullet;purgio;quinilla;sapodilla |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Sapotaceae;Manilkara |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Sapotaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Manilkara]]</div></div> |etymology=Malabar Manil, from Portuguese Manilhas Insulas (Manila, Philippines), and kara, edible fruit |volume=Volume 8 |mention_page=page 233, 237 |treatment_page=page 234 }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism growth form;whole_organism growth form"><b>Shrubs </b>or trees.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem architecture;stem pubescence;stem pubescence"><b>Stems </b>not armed, tomentose or glabrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf duration;leaf arrangement"><b>Leaves </b>persistent, alternate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="stipule presence;stipule presence">stipules present or absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="petiole presence">petiole present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="base shape;apex shape;surface pubescence;surface pubescence">blade: base rounded to cuneate, apex retuse to acuminate, surfaces hairy or glabrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="inflorescence arrangement;inflorescence arrangement"><b>Inflorescences </b>fascicles or solitary flowers.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="sepal quantity;sepal coloration;sepal pubescence;whorl quantity;whorl arrangement or dehiscence;outer sepal quantity"><b>Flowers:</b> sepals 6 in 2 whorls of 3, outer valvate, darker, abaxially densely hairy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="petal atypical quantity;petal quantity;petal coloration;petal coloration;petal pubescence;petal pubescence;lobe architecture or shape;lobe height or length or size;corolla-tube position relational">petals 6 [–9], white or yellow, glabrous or sparsely hairy, lobes undivided, shorter than or exceeding corolla-tube;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="stamen atypical quantity;stamen quantity;stamen fusion">stamens 6 [–12], distinct [basally connate with staminodes];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="staminode atypical quantity;staminode quantity;staminode arrangement;staminode orientation;staminode orientation;staminode architecture;staminode shape;staminode pubescence;staminode pubescence">staminodes [absent or 1–] 6 [–12], alternate with stamens, erect or incurved, petaloid, triangular-lanceolate, glabrous or hairy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="pistil architecture">pistil 5–12 [–14] -carpellate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="ovary architecture or structure in adjective form;ovary pubescence;ovary pubescence">ovary 5–12 [–14] -locular, glabrous or hairy;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="flower placentation;flower placentation">placentation axile or basiventral.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="berry coloration;berry shape;berry pubescence"><b>Berries </b>brown [yellow-green, orange, red, black, or purple], ellipsoid or depressed-globose to subglobose, glabrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="seed atypical quantity;seed quantity;seed coloration;seed shape"><b>Seeds </b>[1–] 2–10, brown, laterally compressed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="hilum arrangement or course or shape">hilum linear;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="embryo orientation">embryo vertical;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="">endosperm present.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="endosperm presence;x chromosome quantity;x chromosome quantity">x = [12,] 13.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=Fla.;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;Asia;Africa;Indian Ocean Islands (Madagascar);Pacific Islands |discussion=<p>Species ca. 65 (2 in the flora).</p><!-- --><p>Species of Manilkara are used as sources of latex for nonelastic rubber. The wood is dense and hard, useful for bridge pilings (fresh water), wheel spokes, posts, railroad ties, etc. Seed extracts have been used as antihelminthics and in ophthalmics.</p> |tables= |references= }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Leaf blades: apex acute to acuminate (often folded on pressed specimens); corolla tubes equaling or exceeding lobes; fruits 35-80 mm; fruiting pedicels slightly enlarged distally. |[[Manilkara zapota|Manilkara zapota]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Leaf blades: apex retuse (older leaves often split on pressed specimens); corolla tubes shorter than lobes; fruits 25-40 mm; fruiting pedicels conspicuously enlarged distally. |[[Manilkara jaimiqui|Manilkara jaimiqui]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Manilkara |author=Richard P. Wunderlin;R. David Whetstone |authority=Adanson |rank=genus |parent rank=family |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Sapotaceae |distribution=Fla.;Mexico;West Indies;Central America;South America;Asia;Africa;Indian Ocean Islands (Madagascar);Pacific Islands |reference=None |publication title=Fam. Pl. |publication year= |special status= |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V8/V8_484.xml |genus=Manilkara |apex shape=retuse;acuminate |base shape=rounded;cuneate |berry coloration=brown |berry pubescence=glabrous |berry shape=depressed-globose;subglobose |corolla-tube position relational=exceeding |embryo orientation=vertical |endosperm presence=absent |flower placentation=basiventral;axile |hilum arrangement or course or shape=linear |inflorescence arrangement=solitary;fascicles |leaf arrangement=alternate |leaf duration=persistent |lobe architecture or shape=undivided |lobe height or length or size=shorter |outer sepal quantity=3 |ovary architecture or structure in adjective form=5-12[-14]-locular |ovary pubescence=hairy;glabrous |petal atypical quantity=6;9 |petal coloration=yellow;white |petal pubescence=hairy;glabrous |petal quantity=6 |petiole presence=absent |pistil architecture=5-12[-14]-carpellate |seed atypical quantity=1;2 |seed coloration=brown |seed quantity=2;10 |seed shape=compressed |sepal coloration=darker |sepal pubescence=hairy |sepal quantity=6 |stamen atypical quantity=6;12 |stamen fusion=distinct |stamen quantity=6 |staminode architecture=petaloid |staminode arrangement=alternate |staminode atypical quantity=6;12 |staminode orientation=incurved;erect |staminode pubescence=hairy;glabrous |staminode quantity=6 |staminode shape=triangular-lanceolate |stem architecture=not armed |stem pubescence=glabrous;tomentose |stipule presence=absent;absent |surface pubescence=glabrous;hairy |whole_organism growth form=tree;shrub |whorl arrangement or dehiscence=valvate |whorl quantity=2 |x chromosome quantity=13;[12 }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Sapotaceae]] Templates used on this page: Template:Sapotaceae (view source) Template:Treatment/AuthorLink (view source) Template:Treatment/Body (view source) Template:Treatment/Body/Maps (view source) Template:Treatment/ID (view source) Template:Treatment/Publication (view source) Return to Manilkara.