View source for Marshallia

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Marshallia
|accepted_authority=Schreber
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl.
|place=2: 810. 1791
|year=1791
}}
|common_names=Barbara’s buttons
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae;Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Marshalliinae;Marshallia
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subtribe</small>[[Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Marshalliinae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Marshallia]]</div></div>
|etymology=For Moses Marshall, 1758–1813, American botanist, nephew of and assistant to Humphrey Marshall
|volume=Volume 21
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 456
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole-organism atypical some measurement;whole-organism atypical some measurement;whole-organism some measurement;whole-organism duration"><b>Perennials,</b> (10–) 20–80 (–120) cm (fibrous-rooted, usually with caudices, sometimes rhizomatous).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem orientation;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>erect, sometimes branched (striate).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>basal and/or cauline;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="">alternate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf position;leaf position;leaf arrangement;leaf architecture;leaf architecture">petiolate or sessile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade arrangement or shape;blade arrangement or course or shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;blade shape;margin architecture or shape;face pubescence">blades (1-nerved or 3-nerved) elliptic, linear, linear-elliptic, linear-oblanceolate, oblanceolate, ovate, or spatulate, margins entire, faces glabrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="head architecture or shape;head arrangement;head arrangement;array architecture;array architecture"><b>Heads </b>discoid, borne singly or in open, corymbiform arrays (peduncles relatively long).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="involucre shape;involucre diameter"><b>Involucres </b>hemispheric to obconic, 10–25+ mm diam.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="phyllary duration;phyllary quantity;series quantity"><b>Phyllaries </b>persistent, 12–24 in ± 2 series (lanceolate, linear, oblong, ovate, or rhombic, subequal, herbaceous, midnerves often keeled, proximal margins often scarious).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="receptacle shape;receptacle shape;receptacle architecture"><b>Receptacles </b>conic or convex (usually hollow), paleate (paleae linear to spatulate, distally herbaceous).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="ray-floret presence"><b>Ray-</b>florets 0.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="disc-floret atypical quantity;disc-floret atypical quantity;disc-floret quantity;disc-floret reproduction;disc-floret reproduction"><b>Disc-</b>florets (20–) 45–90 (–160+), bisexual, fertile;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;tube length or size;throat variability;lobe quantity;lobe shape">corollas pale lavender, pink, or purple, or white, (usually hairy) tubes longer than to nearly equaling throats, lobes 5, lance-linear to linear-oblong (often contorted).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="cypsela shape;cypsela shape"><b>Cypselae </b>turbinate or clavate (5-angled, ribs 10, often hairy);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="scale atypical quantity;scale quantity;scale texture">pappi persistent, of 5 (–6) scarious to membranous (hyaline, sometimes scaberulous) scales.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="pappus duration;x chromosome quantity">x = 9.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=s;c;se United States
|discussion=<p>Species 7 (7 in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=channell1957a
|text=Channell, R. B. 1957. A revision of the genus Marshallia (Compositae). Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 41–132.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=watson1990a
|text=Watson, L. E. and J. R. Estes. 1990. Biosystematic and phenetic analysis of Marshallia (Asteraceae). Syst. Bot. 15: 403–414.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves lance-elliptic, lance-linear, linear, or oblanceolate (lengths mostly 13–30 times widths), widths mostly 2–13 mm
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaves elliptic, lanceolate, oblanceolate, ovate, or spatulate (lengths mostly 3–13 widths), widths 8–33 mm
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Corollas usually pale lavender to purple, rarely white; flowering Aug–Sep
|[[Marshallia graminifolia|Marshallia graminifolia]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Corollas usually white, sometimes pale lavender; flowering May–Jun
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Heads 4–10, 10–25 mm diam
|[[Marshallia ramosa|Marshallia ramosa]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Heads borne singly, 20–32 mm diam
|[[Marshallia caespitosa|Marshallia caespitosa]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Leaves mostly cauline, blades ovate
|[[Marshallia trinervia|Marshallia trinervia]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Leaves mostly basal, blades elliptic, lanceolate, oblanceolate, or spatulate
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Phyllary apices obtuse; corollas white
|[[Marshallia obovata|Marshallia obovata]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Phyllary apices acute; corollas pink
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Heads 1(–2), 26–45 mm diam
|[[Marshallia grandiflora|Marshallia grandiflora]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Heads 2–5(–10), 22–37 mm diam
|[[Marshallia mohrii|Marshallia mohrii]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Marshallia
|author=Linda E. Watson
|authority=Schreber
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subtribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|distribution=s;c;se United States
|reference=channell1957a;watson1990a
|publication title=Gen. Pl.
|publication year=1791
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V21_1146.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae
|subtribe=Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Marshalliinae
|genus=Marshallia
|array architecture=corymbiform;open
|blade arrangement or course or shape=linear
|blade arrangement or shape=elliptic
|blade shape=spatulate;ovate;spatulate;ovate;oblanceolate;linear-oblanceolate;linear-elliptic
|corolla coloration=white;purple;pink;white;purple;pink;white;purple;pink;pale lavender
|cypsela shape=clavate;turbinate
|disc-floret atypical quantity=90;160
|disc-floret quantity=45;90
|disc-floret reproduction=fertile;bisexual
|face pubescence=glabrous
|head architecture or shape=discoid
|head arrangement=in open , corymbiform arrays;singly
|involucre diameter=10mm;25mm
|involucre shape=hemispheric;obconic
|leaf architecture=sessile;petiolate
|leaf arrangement=alternate
|leaf position=cauline;basal
|lobe quantity=5
|lobe shape=lance-linear;linear-oblong
|margin architecture or shape=entire
|pappus duration=persistent
|phyllary duration=persistent
|phyllary quantity=12;24
|ray-floret presence=absent
|receptacle architecture=paleate
|receptacle shape=convex;conic
|scale atypical quantity=5;6
|scale quantity=5
|scale texture=scarious;membranous
|series quantity=2
|stem architecture=branched
|stem orientation=erect
|throat variability=equaling
|tube length or size=longer
|whole-organism atypical some measurement=80cm;120cm
|whole-organism duration=perennial
|whole-organism some measurement=20cm;80cm
|x chromosome quantity=9
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Marshalliinae]]