View source for Mikania

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Mikania
|accepted_authority=Willdenow
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=3: 1742. 1803
|year=1803
}}
|common_names=Climbing hempweed
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Eupatorieae;Mikania
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Eupatorieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Mikania]]</div></div>
|etymology=For Josef Gottfried Mikan, 1743–1814, professor, University of Prague
|volume=Volume 21
|mention_page=page 459, 546
|treatment_page=page 545
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism atypical some measurement;whole_organism some measurement;whole_organism growth form"><b>Vines </b>(perennial, sometimes suffrutescent) [non-viney perennials, shrubs], to 300 [–1500+] cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem growth form;stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>usually twining to scrambling (terete, striate, or [4-] 6-angled, sometimes winged), branched.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties=""><b>Leaves </b>cauline;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="">opposite [whorled];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf position;leaf arrangement;leaf architecture">petiolate [sessile];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade architecture;blade shape;margin shape;face pubescence">blades palmately 3 [–7] -nerved [pinnately nerved], ± ovate or deltate-ovate to triangular [linear], margins entire or undulate to dentate or toothed to lobed, faces glabrous or puberulent to tomentose, often glanddotted.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="head architecture or shape;array architecture"><b>Heads </b>discoid, in corymbiform [paniculiform, racemiform, spiciform, thyrsiform] arrays.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties=""><b>Involucres </b>± cylindric, [1–] 2–3 [–4] mm diam.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="involucre shape;involucre diameter;involucre diameter;involucre diameter">(usually each subtended by 1 bractlet).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="phyllary duration;phyllary quantity;phyllary architecture;phyllary shape;phyllary shape;phyllary shape;phyllary shape;phyllary shape;phyllary variability;series quantity"><b>Phyllaries </b>persistent, 4 in ± 2 series (outer pair imbricate over inner pair), not notably nerved, lanceolate, linear, or oblong (bases often swollen), ± equal.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="receptacle prominence or shape;receptacle architecture"><b>Receptacles </b>flat (glabrous), epaleate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="floret quantity"><b>Florets </b>4;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="corolla coloration;corolla coloration;throat shape;lobe quantity;lobe shape">corollas usually white, sometimes pink to rose or purplish, throats funnelform or campanulate, lobes 5, linear or triangular to deltate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="base size;base pubescence;branch shape">styles: bases slightly, if at all, enlarged, glabrous, branches ± filiform [weakly clavate].</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="cypsela shape;cypsela architecture or shape;cypsela pubescence;cypsela pubescence"><b>Cypselae </b>± prismatic, [4–] 5 [–10] -ribbed, glabrous or puberulent, sometimes glanddotted;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="bristle atypical quantity;bristle quantity;bristle architecture;series quantity">pappi persistent, of [20–] 30–60 (white, buff, pinkish, or purplish) barbellulate to barbellate bristles in 1–2 series (distinct or basally connate).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="pappus duration;x chromosome quantity">x = 16–20.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Overwhelmingly neotropical (9 species in the Old World tropics);some temperate North American and South American
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 450 (3 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>All species of Mikania in the flora belong to M. sect. Mikania in the sense of W. C. Holmes (1996).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=holmes1981a
|text=Holmes, W. C. 1981. Mikania (Compositae) of the United States. Sida 9: 147–158.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=holmes1993a
|text=Holmes, W. C. 1993. The Genus Mikania (Compositae: Eupatorieae) in the Greater Antilles. Fort Worth. [Sida Bot. Misc. 9.]
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=holmes1996a
|text=Holmes, W. C. 1996. A proposed sectional classification for Mikania (Eupatorieae). In: D. J. N. Hind et al., eds. 1996. Proceedings of the International Compositae Conference, Kew 1994. 2 vols. Kew. Vol. 1, pp. 621–626.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=robinson1934a
|text=Robinson, B. L. 1934. Mikania scandens and its near relatives. Contr. Gray Herb. 104: 55–71.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Stems 6-angled, gray-tomentulose to tomentose; leaf blades ovate to deltate; heads 7–10 mm; phyllaries 6–8 mm; corolla lobes linear; cypselae 3–4 mm
|[[Mikania cordifolia|Mikania cordifolia]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Stems terete to obscurely 6-angled, glabrate to densely pilose; leaf blades triangular to triangular-ovate; heads 4–7 mm; phyllaries 3–6 mm; corolla lobes triangular to deltate; cypselae 1.8–2.2 mm
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaves (membranous): apices tapering; phyllaries linear-lanceolate, 5–6 mm; corollasusually pinkish to purplish, 3.5–4 mm; e United States
|[[Mikania scandens|Mikania scandens]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaves (subcoriaceous to ± fleshy): apices acute to acuminate; phyllaries lanceolate tonarrowly ovate, 3–4 mm; corollas white, ca. 3 mm; s Florida
|[[Mikania batatifolia|Mikania batatifolia]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Mikania
|author=Walter C. Holmes
|authority=Willdenow
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Asteraceae
|distribution=Overwhelmingly neotropical (9 species in the Old World tropics);some temperate North American and South American
|reference=holmes1981a;holmes1993a;holmes1996a;robinson1934a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1803
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V21_1385.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Eupatorieae
|genus=Mikania
|array architecture=corymbiform
|base pubescence=glabrous
|base size=enlarged
|blade architecture=3[-7]-nerved
|blade shape=less ovate or deltate-ovate;triangular
|branch shape=filiform
|bristle architecture=barbellulate;barbellate
|bristle atypical quantity=20;30
|bristle quantity=30;60
|corolla coloration=pink;rose or purplish
|cypsela architecture or shape=[4-]5[-10]-ribbed
|cypsela pubescence=puberulent;glabrous
|cypsela shape=prismatic
|face pubescence=puberulent;tomentose
|floret quantity=4
|head architecture or shape=discoid
|involucre diameter=2mm;3mm
|involucre shape=cylindric
|leaf architecture=petiolate
|leaf arrangement=opposite
|leaf position=cauline
|lobe quantity=5
|lobe shape=triangular;deltate
|margin shape=undulate;dentate or toothed
|pappus duration=persistent
|phyllary architecture=nerved
|phyllary duration=persistent
|phyllary quantity=4
|phyllary shape=oblong;linear;oblong;linear;lanceolate
|phyllary variability=equal
|receptacle architecture=epaleate
|receptacle prominence or shape=flat
|series quantity=1;2
|stem architecture=branched
|stem growth form=usually twining;scrambling
|throat shape=campanulate
|whole_organism atypical some measurement=300cm;1500cm
|whole_organism growth form=vine
|whole_organism some measurement=0cm;300cm
|x chromosome quantity=16;20
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Asteraceae tribe Eupatorieae]]