View source for Myoporum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Myoporum
|accepted_authority=Solander ex G. Forster
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Fl. Ins. Austr.,
|place=44. 1786
|year=1786
}}
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Scrophulariaceae;Myoporum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Scrophulariaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Myoporum]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek myo, to shut, and poros, hole, alluding to transparent spots on leaves closed with pellucid substance
|volume=Volume 17
|mention_page=page 324, 325, 336
|treatment_page=page 335
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism growth form;whole_organism growth form"><b>Shrubs </b>or trees;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stolon presence">stolons absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem orientation;stem pubescence"><b>Stems </b>ascending to prostrate, glabrous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf duration;cauline leaf arrangement;cauline leaf arrangement;gland coloration or reflectance"><b>Leaves </b>persistent, cauline, alternate, rarely opposite, with embedded, translucent glands;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="stipule presence">stipules absent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="petiole presence">petiole present [absent];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="blade texture;blade texture;blade texture;blade texture;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape">blade fleshy or not, leathery or not, margins entire or serrate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="inflorescence position"><b>Inflorescences </b>axillary, in clusters [flowers solitary];</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="bract presence">bracts absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="pedicel presence"><b>Pedicels </b>present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="bracteole presence">bracteoles absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="flower reproduction"><b>Flowers </b>bisexual;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="sepal quantity;calyx architecture or shape;calyx shape;lobe shape">sepals 5, calyx radially or bilaterally symmetric, campanulate, lobes oblong;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="petal quantity;corolla coloration;corolla coloration;corolla architecture or shape;corolla shape;abaxial lobe quantity;adaxial lobe quantity;lobe pubescence;lobe pubescence">petals 5, corolla white [pale-purple], spotted with purple [orangebrown to yellow or unspotted], radially or bilaterally symmetric, campanulate, abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2, lobes glabrous [pubescent] abaxially, variously pubescent adaxially;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="stamen quantity;stamen fusion;stamen variability;filament pubescence;staminode presence">stamens 4–8, adnate to corolla, equal, filaments hairy [glabrous], staminode 0;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="ovary architecture or structure in adjective form;ovary placentation">ovary [2–] 4 [–6] -locular, placentation apical;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="stigma shape;stigma shape">stigma capitate or 2–5-lobed.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="fruit shape;fruit texture;capsule shape"><b>Fruits </b>drupelike capsules, ovoid to globular, fleshy [dry].</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="seed quantity;seed coloration;seed shape"><b>Seeds </b>1–4, white to pale-brown, ovoid to oblong or ellipsoid, wings absent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="wing presence;x chromosome quantity">x = 18.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Calif.;Indian Ocean Islands;Pacific Islands;Australia;also in s South America
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 30 (3 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Myoporum species have been introduced for ground cover or hedges in coastal or low rainfall regions of many countries, especially M. insulare R. Brown, M. laetum, and M. montanum R. Brown. The gall-inducing thrip Klambothrips myopori, native to Australia, has recently been introduced to California and is causing substantial damage to Myoporum species used in landscaping (L. A. Mound and D. C. Morris 2007). The leaves and fruits of M. laetum and other Myoporum species are toxic to livestock; they contain ngaione, a furanoid sesquiterpene that causes photosensitization and liver damage (G. S. Richmond and E. L. Ghisalberti 1995; K. Parton and A. N. Bruere 2002).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Shrubs, prostrate; leaf blades narrowly oblanceolate, 2–4 cm; capsules white to pale brown.
|[[Myoporum parvifolium|Myoporum parvifolium]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Shrubs or trees, broadly spreading; leaf blades narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, 5–14 cm; capsules pale to dark reddish purple.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaf blades lanceolate, margins finely serrate distal to middle, glands conspicuous; flowers 2–4 per axil; anthers well exserted from tube; ovaries smooth.
|[[Myoporum laetum|Myoporum laetum]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaf blades narrowly elliptic, tapering proximally and distally, margins entire, glands inconspicuous; flowers 6–8 per axil; anthers slightly exserted from tube; ovaries rugose.
|[[Myoporum acuminatum|Myoporum acuminatum]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Myoporum
|author=Robert E. Preston
|authority=Solander ex G. Forster
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Scrophulariaceae
|illustrator=Barbara Alongi
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=Calif.;Indian Ocean Islands;Pacific Islands;Australia;also in s South America
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Fl. Ins. Austr.,
|publication year=1786
|special status=Introduced
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V17/V17_27.xml
|genus=Myoporum
|abaxial lobe quantity=3
|adaxial lobe quantity=2
|blade texture=not;leathery;not;fleshy
|bract presence=absent
|bracteole presence=absent
|calyx architecture or shape=symmetric
|calyx shape=campanulate
|capsule shape=drupe-like
|cauline leaf arrangement=opposite;alternate
|corolla architecture or shape=symmetric
|corolla coloration=spotted with purple;white
|corolla shape=campanulate
|filament pubescence=hairy
|flower reproduction=bisexual
|fruit shape=ovoid;globular
|fruit texture=fleshy
|gland coloration or reflectance=translucent
|inflorescence position=axillary
|leaf duration=persistent
|lobe pubescence=pubescent;glabrous
|lobe shape=oblong
|margin architecture or shape=serrate;entire
|ovary architecture or structure in adjective form=[2-]4[-6]-locular
|ovary placentation=apical
|pedicel presence=absent
|petal quantity=5
|petiole presence=absent
|seed coloration=white;pale-brown
|seed quantity=1;4
|seed shape=ovoid;oblong or ellipsoid
|sepal quantity=5
|stamen fusion=adnate
|stamen quantity=4;8
|stamen variability=equal
|staminode presence=absent
|stem orientation=ascending;prostrate
|stem pubescence=glabrous
|stigma shape=2-5-lobed;capitate
|stipule presence=absent
|stolon presence=absent
|whole_organism growth form=tree;shrub
|wing presence=absent
|x chromosome quantity=18
}}<!--

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