View source for Oenothera sect. Anogra

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Oenothera sect. Anogra
|accepted_authority=(Spach) W. L. Wagner & Hoch
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Syst. Bot. Monogr.
|place=83: 179. 2007
|year=2007
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Anogra
|authority=Spach
|rank=genus
|publication_title=Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér.
|publication_place=2, 4: 164.  1835
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Oenothera
|authority=[unranked] Anogra (Spach) Endlicher
|rank=genus
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Oenothera subg. Anogra
|authority=(Spach) Reichenbach
|rank=subgenus
}}
|hierarchy=Onagraceae;Onagraceae subfam. Onagroideae;Onagraceae tribe Onagreae;Oenothera;Oenothera sect. Anogra
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Onagraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Onagraceae subfam. Onagroideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Onagraceae tribe Onagreae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Oenothera]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Oenothera sect. Anogra]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 10
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties=""><b>Herbs </b>winter-annual or perennial, caulescent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="herb duration;herb duration;herb architecture;root position;shoot derivation">from a taproot, sometimes lateral roots producing adventitious shoots.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="stem orientation;stem orientation;stem orientation;stem orientation;stem architecture;stem architecture;lateral branch height or length or size;epidermis coloration;epidermis coloration;epidermis relief"><b>Stems </b>decumbent to ascending or erect, unbranched or with short, lateral branches, epidermis white or pink, exfoliating proximally.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf position;leaf position;leaf development;leaf presence;leaf atypical some measurement;leaf some measurement;basal rosette prominence"><b>Leaves </b>basal and cauline, sometimes forming conspicuous basal rosette, sometimes this weakly developed or absent (at least during flowering), 1–13 (–26) cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape;blade margin shape">blade margins sinuate-dentate to pinnatifid, denticulate, subentire, or entire.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="flower architecture or arrangement or growth form"><b>Inflorescences </b>solitary flowers in axils of distal leaves.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="flower odor"><b>Flowers </b>opening near sunset, with a sweet scent or nearly unscented;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="bud orientation;bud shape;floral-tube orientation;tip fusion;tip fusion;tip height or length or size">buds nodding by recurved floral-tube, usually sharply or bluntly quadrangular in cross-section (sometimes fluted in distal 1/2 in O. deltoides), without free tips or free tips short (sometimes to 9 mm in O. deltoides);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="floral-tube atypical some measurement;floral-tube some measurement">floral-tube 15–40 (–50) mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="">sepals separatingin pairs or individually;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="petal coloration;petal coloration;petal shape;petal shape;petal shape">petals white, fading pink, obcordate to obovate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="stigma shape;lobe quantity;lobe arrangement or course or shape">stigma deeply divided into 4 linear lobes.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties=""><b>Capsules </b>straight, curved upward, spreading, or contorted, sometimes woody in age, cylindrical, obtusely 4-angled, gradually tapering from base to apex, dehiscent 1/2 to nearly throughout;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="capsule course;capsule course;capsule orientation;capsule arrangement or shape;capsule texture;capsule shape;capsule shape;capsule shape;capsule dehiscence;capsule quantity;capsule architecture">sessile.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="seed quantity;seed shape;row quantity"><b>Seeds </b>numerous, in 1 row per locule, obovoid, surface minutely alveolate, but appearing smooth.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="surface relief;surface architecture or pubescence or relief;2n chromosome quantity;2n chromosome quantity">2n = 14, 28.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=w;c North America;n Mexico
|discussion=<p>Species 8 (7 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Section Anogra consists of eight species (17 taxa) native to western North America including Mexico, found usually in dry, sandy soil in a wide variety of habitats in the Chihuahuan, Great Basin, Mojave, and Sonoran deserts, to grasslands and open sites in montane forest, -50 to 3300 m. Only one species, Oenothera wigginsii Klein, occurs entirely outside the United States, while four others occur within the flora area but extend into northern Mexico. Section Anogra is included within a strongly supported clade with the two species of sect. Kleinia in recent molecular studies (R. A. Levin et al. 2004; M. E. K. Evans et al. 2005, 2009). The support levels for the topology within this clade are generally very weak, with only a few taxa grouping into moderately to strongly supported groups (for example, members of O. pallida complex, O. deltoides + O. wigginsii, O. californica + O. arizonica and O. neomexicana).</p><!--
--><p>Species of sect. Anogra have vespertine flowers that are outcrossed and pollinated by hawkmoths or have flowers that are partly autogamous (D. P. Gregory 1964; W. M. Klein 1964, 1970). In Oenothera deltoides the capsule valves split open widely and disperse seeds, while the entire plant forms a so-called tumbleweed. Other species in the section appear to have more passive seed dispersal; the capsules dehisce while the plant remains rooted. The basal rosette may not be evident at time of flowering or not developed. When this is the case, or when the dimensions of the basal leaves are very similar to the cauline ones, only one range for leaf dimensions is given.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Herbs winter-annual or short-lived perennial from a taproot.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Sepals conspicuously maroon-spotted.
|[[Oenothera arizonica|Oenothera arizonica]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Sepals without maroon spots.
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Plants villous throughout, also strigillose on leaves and distal parts; leaf blade margins coarsely repand-dentate or -pinnatifid.
|[[Oenothera engelmannii|Oenothera engelmannii]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Plants villous, strigillose, or glabrous, sometimes more densely villous or strigillose distally; leaf blade margins subentire to sinuate-dentate or remotely denticulate, sometimes pinnatifid.
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Capsules 2.5–5 mm diam.; sepals (13–)15–35 mm.
|[[Oenothera deltoides|Oenothera deltoides]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Capsules 1.5–2.5 mm diam.; sepals 10–18 mm.
|[[Oenothera pallida|Oenothera pallida]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Herbs perennial, from a taproot, also with lateral roots producing adventitious shoots or with long, fleshy roots.
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Buds fluted in distal 1/2, with free tips 1–9 mm; plants from relatively long, fleshy roots.
|[[Oenothera deltoides|Oenothera deltoides]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Buds quadrangular in distal 1/2, with free tips 0–4 mm; plants from a taproot and with lateral roots producing adventitious shoots.
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Plants glabrous, sometimes strigillose on leaves and/or glandular puberulent distally, at least on floral tube; leaf blades 0.3–0.6(–1) cm wide, narrowly oblong to oblong- lanceolate, margins usually entire.
|[[Oenothera nuttallii|Oenothera nuttallii]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Plants villous, strigillose, glabrate, or glabrous, not glandular puberulent; leaf blades (0.3–)1–2.5 cm wide, usually ovate, oblong to lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, oblanceolate, or spatulate, rarely rhombic-ovate, margins usually sinuate-dentate to pinnatifid or subentire, rarely entire.
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Capsules erect or strongly ascending.
|[[Oenothera neomexicana|Oenothera neomexicana]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Capsules spreading to reflexed.
|[[#key-0-8| > 8]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Capsules 2–3.5 mm diam.; stems decumbent or ascending.
|[[Oenothera californica|Oenothera californica]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Capsules 1.5–2.5 mm diam.; stems erect or ascending.
|[[Oenothera pallida|Oenothera pallida]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Oenothera sect. Anogra
|authority=(Spach) W. L. Wagner & Hoch
|rank=section
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Oenothera;Oenothera subg. Anogra
|basionyms=Anogra
|family=Onagraceae
|distribution=w;c North America;n Mexico
|reference=None
|publication title=Syst. Bot. Monogr.
|publication year=2007
|special status=
|source xml=
|subfamily=Onagraceae subfam. Onagroideae
|tribe=Onagraceae tribe Onagreae
|genus=Oenothera
|section=Oenothera sect. Anogra
|2n chromosome quantity=28;14
|basal rosette prominence=conspicuous
|blade margin shape=sinuate-dentate;pinnatifid denticulate subentire or entire
|bud orientation=nodding
|bud shape=quadrangular
|capsule architecture=sessile
|capsule arrangement or shape=contorted
|capsule course=curved;straight
|capsule dehiscence=dehiscent
|capsule orientation=spreading
|capsule quantity=1/2
|capsule shape=tapering;4-angled;cylindrical
|capsule texture=woody
|epidermis coloration=pink;white
|epidermis relief=exfoliating
|floral-tube atypical some measurement=40mm;50mm
|floral-tube orientation=recurved
|floral-tube some measurement=15mm;40mm
|flower architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary
|flower odor=unscented
|herb architecture=caulescent
|herb duration=perennial;winter-annual
|lateral branch height or length or size=short
|leaf atypical some measurement=13cm;26cm
|leaf development=developed
|leaf position=cauline;basal
|leaf presence=absent
|leaf some measurement=1cm;13cm
|lobe arrangement or course or shape=linear
|lobe quantity=4
|petal coloration=fading pink;white
|petal shape=obcordate;obovate
|root position=lateral
|row quantity=1
|seed quantity=numerous
|seed shape=obovoid
|shoot derivation=adventitious
|stem architecture=with short , lateral branches;unbranched
|stem orientation=decumbent;ascending or erect
|stigma shape=divided
|surface architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|surface relief=alveolate
|tip fusion=free;free
|tip height or length or size=short
}}<!--

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